Institute of Educational

Eye-tracking technology has attracted researchers' attention for many years as a tool for finding objective data from cognitive processes. The present study, with the aim to investigate the applications of the mentioned technology in conducting research in the field of learning used systematic review method to analyze performed research from 2010- 2020. A total of 24 articles were analyzed after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that among the eye tracker measurement scales, the researchers used eye fixation and duration of gaze in most learning studies. In addition, the results showed that studying visual attention during cognitive processing, examining the transition between textual and visual information, and comparing the strategies of successful reading, decision-making, problem solving and information processing modeling are the applications of eye movements in learning studies. According of the results, eye-tracking tool provides researchers with the opportunity to link learning outcomes to cognitive processes, which has implications for designing learning environments.

Sex education is considered as one of the main aspect of education that overlook in Iran. We used systematic review for answering three questions related to definition and conceptualization of sex education, sex education curriculum and skills and investigating the effectiveness of these programs. Findings of this study showed that sex education programs ranged from instruction for sexual protection to applying ethical methods for obtaining sexual health. Primary definitions of sex education were general and behavioral but as the time passed, this definition transform to culture-dependent definitions. Sex education program is effective for reducing unwanted pregnancy in adolescents and protecting from sexual abuse. It could conclude that adopting a holistic sexuality education that is characterized by applying psychological skill training methods and involvement of parents and school authorities, could fulfill the goals of sex education programs. Any sex education programs should modified based on the individual and cultural aspects to reach better success in guaranteeing sexual health for children.