Institute of Educational

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The main purpose of this research was investigating the effectiveness of Management Education Model (MEM) in improving a high school freshmen learning in the algebraic quadric equations in the District 5 in the academic year 90-91in Tehran. The independent variable was a scenario made in 10 chunks introducing into the class scene sequentially. A simple random selection of students in 5 classes was done and 2 classes were selected as experiment and the other 3 classes as control. The teacher made test was conducted and the data were analyzed using t-test. The result indicates the significant meaningful effects of the MEM on students’ learning in the algebraic subject and the conclusion was supportive for the secure use of the MEM in other academic subjects.

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Strategic management has known as an essential and critical factor to efficiency and effectiveness of organizations at any rganizational domains and activities. Application of Strategic management in higher education has increasingly developed in last decades. The aim of this research is developing a Strategic Management Model (SMM) for Iranian Higher Education system. The research sample consisted of 220 faculty members, higher education managers, informant persons and university stakeholders. Data were collected using questionnaire and were analysis by factor analysis and analysis of variances (ANOVA).The finding showed that the Higher Education Strategic Management Model has 5 main components, 6 sub components and 73 variables. There were some significant differences between samples by position, academic domains, academic grades and management experience.

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One of the main issues to be considered in the educational system is education. Education is the result of four elements which are interacting with each other. These four elements are: teaching, learning, structure and curriculum. Curriculum is a plan for action which forms the structure. Another issue is the status of knowledge and the way we can transform it into educational materials. In postmodern education, knowledge itself is not the target, and the “knowledge constructive discourse” is rather a target. For this reason the main concentration in the classrooms are on knowledge construction, understanding, cooperation and collaboration. The educational systems of the countries have to reconsider the targets, contents, materials, methods and also the educational opportunities and activities in order to educate independent and flexible students who have creative thinking. Curriculum planning and presenting various issues have been done for a long time. In early twentieth century, the scholars in education and training stepped into the realm of integrated curriculum. But the dominated trend in this century has been based on single discipline approach, plurality of subjects, and Discipline-based curriculum. Integration means making compatibility and coming together which is in contradiction with specializing and separating courses. Integration is based on holistic view which tries to make relations between education and daily life. The present study aims to explain integrated curriculum, declare the types of it, and the way to integrate science and technologies in the primary school courses. This research enjoys analytical- inductive methodologies. In this way, first we declare the curriculum and explain integration, and then we refer to the samples of integration in area of content, like integration of fundamental issues and knowledge, and integration of information technology and communication with all areas of knowledge. Based on the studies and analysis, we can conclude that: integration of science and technology with curriculum in general and specifically in primary education, the learning rate and the possession of students on organized content will increase and students can work out what they have learnt in real life.

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With rapid changes in techniques and skills in information technology and the emergence of new phenomena and their impact on the methods and techniques to living, learning one of the fundamental pillars of society has been transformed While the e-learning as a new paradigm, has been able to responsible for huge volume of education and learning is present. This paper survey the concept of learning, e-learning, benefits and characteristics, importance and necessity of e-learning in organizations and will be study the impact of IT on improving quality of learning and development and Learning environment.

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The concept of identity is one of the most crucial issues of human society.
One of the areas in which the concept of identity has been strongly
discussed, is education. In each period, affected by the terms and textural
characteristics of societies and eras, identity has found special concept.The
authors attempt to redefine education and its components, based on the
phenomenological concept of identity. The main question is that, how
education and its components must be redefined according to the
phenomenological concept of identity? This study used a qualitative
research, with the analytical and deductive method. The results showed
that ideas of education, teacher training, teacher, student, and othere
educational subjects are not defined from a particular dimension, but, are
simultaneously defined in several different directions. Teaching activities
and the concept of learning are multidimentional themes. Learning is a
multidimentional phenomena, which is born with the rise of identity in the
person. Hence, it is synonymous with identity or individual recognition. In
this sense, learning areas are the areas of identity.

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The aim of this research was evaluating the competencies of trainers and
labor-coaches of “Education with Production” outside of the “Work and
Knowledge Centre” in Kermanshah province. The research method used was
survey. The statistical population consisted of 20 managers and experts from
education office and technical schools, and 135 students whom they used the
"Education with Production" service in Kermanshah province. Based on
Krejcie and Morgan table, 19 people from the first group, and 102 people from
the second group were selected randomly as the statistical sample. Based on
internationally related available researches, scientific documents, qualitative
analysis, and also, by referring to the experts, trainers’ and labor-coaches’
competencies were classified with three ranges: personal competencies,
professional-technical competencies (with the components of knowledge,
insight, and skill), and ethical-belief competencies (with the components of
work commitment, development of ability, social moderation, social
relationships, bureaucratic discipline, and inner faith). Then, based on these
ranges, the questionnaires were prepared. Based on descriptive and inferential
analysis, total average of all of the competencies was high and significant. It
was in the rate of moderate or lower in the following items: applying the
suitable methods of teaching, proving the plan of proper task and updated
information from the journals, utilizing computer and software related to the
skills training, collaboration with school counselors, trying to upgrade and
update their knowledge and skills, and others, exchange of professional
knowledge and information, paying attention to the needs of students and their
individual differences, reporting students’ disciplinary issues, reading and
observing the principles and related standards.

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The interest on studying Single-Sex and Coeducational Elementary
Schooling has grown significantly among researchers. Despite this, there
has been no research on this topic in Iran till now. The effects of school
type on academic achievement and social desirability which are among
important variables are examined in this research. The research design is
causal-comparative. The population is taken from students in fifth and
sixth grade from the public elementary schools in the academic year
1391/92 in Shahreiar, Tehran, Iran. The total number of the participants is
279 (half on co-ed and others on single-sex), which were selected by
random cluster sampling method. Results showed that the students from
single-sex schools had higher GPA, compared to the students of co-ed
schools. Also, it was statistically significant that the girls had better social
desirability compared to boys.

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The present study covered the conformity barriers of virtual technologies in higher education. It was a qualitative research and population composed of the masters in Kordistan university. The instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed based on ground theory through NVIVO software. The most significant conditional causes for interaction were masters' imposed and authoritarian  teaching method,  taking teaching easy in higher education, believing to presence and of cognition learning entity, masters' dualist attitude towards educational evaluation, and  physical environments. In general, the masters own a traditional attitude based on behaviorism learning theory in different aspects of teaching, evaluation, educational resources, and interaction. They did not consider virtual education as a complete and standard teaching method but a complementary instrument to recover present education.  

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The most fundamental move to enhance the quality of critical thinking in students is the improvement of motivation to think, as the key to success in life and study. This is because acquiring the skills involved in critical thinking, in the process of official curriculum, cannot guarantee the development of these skills, and consequently, their application in different situations. Therefore, one of the most useful steps with this regard is the enhancement of the attitudinal aspects of critical thinking, paying attention to the function of hidden curriculum in higher education-something which could be in the opposite direction to official curriculum. Thus, the present study, by benefiting from the method of documentary analysis, while clarifying the position of hidden curriculum in higher education and studying its relation to critical thinking, offers the analysis of the apparatus of effects and the use of hidden curriculum in the development of critical thinking. With this regard, it is discussed that the function of hidden curriculum in higher education is due to the fluctuation in the official curriculum-which by itself is due to: lack of a complete legislation of this program in higher education, relation between hidden curriculum and the dimension of critical thinking and attention paid to hidden curriculum in liberal education with an inclination towards critical thinking. In addition, the hidden curriculum, developed out of a dialectical methodology is studied to investigate the development of critical thinking of the learners.

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This study is to examine the educational status of the art of film as to describe the ways of achieving the concept of consciousness as the requirement for education. Findings show that through exploring a film, as to come up with consciousness, it is possible to have inductions and deductions from a film and its audience. With this presumption that a film is similar to a content of the textbook, it can be deduced that analyzing and criticizing a film is a way of new understanding. A type of consciousness that is a facilitator for the education process. If the consciousness is accomplished, it would be treated as the attitude, insight, and perspectives, and would be affected the learner's mind and practice. In conclusion, it is possible to offer the method to change, improve and deepen the concept of education.

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Entrepreneurial has been considered as an approach and also as a third mission of universities and higher education in recent years. So the present study investigated the role of education for creating spirit of entrepreneurial among the students of Allameh Tabatabai, at the end of this paper offered some strategies of solution for improving it. The method that was used in this research was mixed of (quantitative-qualitative) method. For quantitative data the researcher used a self-made questionnaire and the validity of that was confirmed by experts and the reliability of the instrument have been reported 92 %( Cronbach's alpha), and for collecting qualitative data it was used participant observation and semi structured then they combined by Triangulation method.  The sampling method was cluster sampling witch was used for selecting 300 students of Allameh Tabatabai University they were enrolled in 1394-1393.  Target qualitative sampling method with Theoretical saturation index was used for sampling so 15 Professors were selected. Attitudes and views of academic entrepreneurship promotion strategies were examined. All components of entrepreneurship, such as Achievement, Ambiguity tolerance, confidence, risk-taking and creativity have been reported less than mediocrity. The overall conclusion of the students’ training courses of Allameh Tabatabai don’t have an effect on the   developing of the spirit of entrepreneurial which was held for them .The researchers who had an interview with experts for improving the entrepreneurial of university offered five main categories as: changes in the role of universities (acceptance of new), infrastructure, networking, promotion of academic activities and management changes.

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The main purpose of present study was to comparing of educational-learning environment and academic locus of control between students of Tizhooshan, Nemooneh and Shahed schools. This research was a correlation study that accomplished in a sample of 506 students who selected by randomly sampling. Data were collected by Dundee ready learning-education environment measure (DREEM) and academic locus of control scale (ALCS) and analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-test. The results show that the significantly difference between students of Tizhooshan and Shahed was only in students’ perception of learning (in favor of Shahed students). In the other dimensions of educational-learning environment and academic locus of control, there was no difference between schools. With regarding of the results can conclude that Tizhooshan schools cannot establish any difference in educational-learning environment and academic locus of control of students.

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As has been indicated in some documents, the higher education as an institution has been large history-more than eight century- and in this large history, important event has been happened. Higher education in modern era follows the modernity as encompass movement by the components such as scientism, individualism, mass production, technicism. Arising such tendencies in higher education has encounter to ancient higher education values. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche-19^th German Philosopher- is one of the major philosophers that critique such modernity values. In current paper there has been explained his views on mass culture and authenticity, and mentioned their sins in modern higher education. Philosopher as medic and philosopher as sculptor are tow metaphors that used as tow task of diagnostic and prognostic for philosopher. At the first level there were diagnose the sins of illness in higher education on nietzche’s perspective (mass reception of candidates for being student in university, dominant of quantity in all aspects of higher education, dominant of scientific methods as the legal methods, absence of aesthetic realm and etc. and at the second level the task of prognosis evolution in the mentioned component were explained.

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One of the main objectives of the ICT-based education is training of critical thinking skills. Critical thinking is essential for a thouthful way of living and compatability to rapid social changes. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship betweeen usage of ICT tools and critical thinking desposition among distance education students. The research was done through descriptive (Survey) method. The study population consisted of all students of Isfahan Payam-Noor university (distance education) from which a sample of 100 students was selected by using random sampling method. In order to collect data, ICT Questionnaire and California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDE) were used. The Results showed that the mean of total score of critical thinking disposition was 276.31 indicating an ambivalence desposition. Also there were significant relationships between the amount of familiarity to ICT tools, scientific-scholarly objectives and awareness of news and information objectives and critical thinking desposition.

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Parents and children from tender age through adolescence continue to renew relationships with each other. This study aims to show how Training Educational pattern influenced the Parent-Child Relationship subsequent critical thinking. In this study quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group method was used. Statistical population of all female students in twelfth grade schools in Birjand is intended to achieve the main objective of this study. Pattern group was achieved by using the cluster sampling multistage method. A typical school in the city of Birjand was randomly chosen with a class considered as a sampling unit and finally the samples generated are divided into experimental and control groups. Questionnaire used were based on variables of Parent-child relationship (Fine, Morland and Schwebel,1983), and critical thinking (Ricketts, 2003). Data generated were analyzed through Multivariate covariance  examination. The result indicates that parent-child relationships are improved by Educational pattern. Also it was demonstrated that relationship improvement due to Educational pattern increases children’s critical thinking in the aspect of creativity&  commitment. It should be noted that according to the results besides the improving parent-child relationships due to educational model training, critical thinking dispositions in children is increased as well.

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The present study is an attempt to examine the role of information literacy as a prerequisite for the effective application of ICT. Qualitative content analysis was used as the methodology to answer the main question of the study. The findings and results show that there is a need to have fundamental changes in missions and functions of Universities and institutes of higher education. Since one of the basic missions of Universities is to produce knowledge and lay the groundwork for knowledge environments, awareness of and access to the latest scientific findings in areas of science and technology is necessary. ICT has paved the way of this process. But what is essential is to enable the users of higher education easier access to ICT based environment. This way the audience of higher education can use the information in such environments in an effective, efficient, and creative way. This will be impossible unless we consider the role and status of information literacy as a necessity and basic issue for the application of ICT in higher education.
 

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The growing presence of girls in higher education is an issue that has attracted attention and has a lot of opponents and proponents. In this article, effects of this event were studied in three dimensions, cultural, social and educational. Research method was descriptive – survey and the population of study was all students and faculty members at Isfahan University, Isfahan University of Technology and Isfahan University of Art. Sampling was classified according to size. Data were collected through a researcher made questionnaire and were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings showed that students and faculty members believe that increase in girl’s admission have more than average effect upon all three dimensions. In according of faculty members view, averages of social and cultural dimensions are higher and in student’s view, average of educational dimension. Finally, considering the pros and cons of the increased acceptance of girls, it is recommended to provide facilities to raise awareness of girls toward life situations to make better decisions.

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Cycle of scientific research related to self-regulation skills and participation in research requires planning, monitoring and reflection. The aim of this study was to investigate of research self-regulation of post graduate students. The research method was descriptive. The statistical population included all postgraduate students of Ferdowsi university of Mashhad. 275 students were selected from the mentioned population by quota sampling method and answered the research self-regulated questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on Zimmermann's self-regulation theory (2002) and its content validity was confirmed by the expert judgment of six psychology and education scholars. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation revealed four factors that explained 41.90% of the variance of the research self-regulation questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficients used for research self-regulation questionnaire (0.93) and motivational beliefs (0.87), research resource management (0.84), Monitoring and Self-reflection (0.84), and Forethought (0.83).The results showed that there was no significant difference between the degrees of education in self-regulation, but there was a significant difference between educational groups that the mean of motivational beliefs and resource management factors of the students of the humanities was higher than the non-human sciences students. Therefore, according to the findings of this study, improving student performance requires teachers’ attention and training, academic curriculum to research self-regulation.