Institute of Educational

Today, national identity is one of the most important issues in developing countries is planned. Much of the training of national identity in the context of formal education takes place .Beginning with the period of fundamental transformation textbooks is also consistent with the new approach. The present article deals with the analysis of national education and from this point of clarification social studies book grade, third grade social studies book compared to the period before the change. Population
is included in the book. The content analysis of qualitative and quantitative research methods and the unit of analysis is the theme. Dimensions of national identity in this research include: symbols, values heritage, celebrities, and characters and events. The results show that both components of national identity have been uneven book, and this is more evident in the social studies book. Social teachings of the book to the celebrities and personalities (37/44%) and social studies books to the value of (50/85%) are paid. Neglect of Fame and national events, elimination of political values, greater attention to the social, moral, religious and social features of the book is the period of fundamental change.

This study is to examine the educational status of the art of film as to describe the ways of achieving the concept of consciousness as the requirement for education. Findings show that through exploring a film, as to come up with consciousness, it is possible to have inductions and deductions from a film and its audience. With this presumption that a film is similar to a content of the textbook, it can be deduced that analyzing and criticizing a film is a way of new understanding. A type of consciousness that is a facilitator for the education process. If the consciousness is accomplished, it would be treated as the attitude, insight, and perspectives, and would be affected the learner's mind and practice. In conclusion, it is possible to offer the method to change, improve and deepen the concept of education.

This study examined the effects of Philosophy for Children Program (P4C) on the problem solving abilities and Moral Judgment of nurturance in the third Grade Primary Students of east Eslam Abad. The Population of this research was all the girl students in the third Grade in 2014- 2015 academic year. The research method a pre-test post-test design with control group was used. To this end, we chose 80 students to random cluster sampling in two groups experimental (n=40) and control (n=40) through randomized placement technique. For data gathering in this research the Long and Cassidy problem-solving questionnaire (1996) and Moral Judgment Test (MJT) were used. After this, the philosophy for children program was performed in 12 sessions for the experimental group. At the end of this intervention, post-tests was performed on participates of both groups. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the difference between the means of the two groups was significant (p<0.001), In other words of teaching philosophy to children to enhance students' problem solving ability and moral judgment had a positive effect. Also, the effect of the increase in problem-solving and moral judgment teaching philosophy to children by gender were not significant.

In recent years, the use of modern technologies has grown Strongly in the teaching process. Today, one of the key challenges in using ICT in schools is the level of ICDL teachers' knowledge and skills in the teaching process.The present study was conducted to examine the level of ICDL teachers' knowledge and skills in the teaching process in the academic year of 94-95. The statistical population of this research is all teachers of high school in qeydar city that 70 people were selected according to Morgan table with random cluster sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Its validity was estimated by a group of professors, educational specialists and some teachers, and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. In general, the results of this study showed that the computer skills and knowledge of teachers in the teaching process are moderate. Also, inferential statistics analysis showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the gender variable and the level of knowledge and computer skills of teachers in the teaching process. And also inferential statistics analysis has shown that there are meaningful statistics differences between gender variables, age, education and level of knowledge and skills computer of teachers in teaching process.

Abstract

Internship is the apex of teacher training which converts learning situations into pportunities for the student-teacher's success.The present paper aims at identifying the problems concerning the internship (teaching practice) course in Farhangian University and finding appropriate solutions to overcome them in order to improve the quality of the internship course to prepare student teachers to get into the profession of teaching. Questionnaires were used to collect data for the present descriptive research. The participants in the research are the same as the whole statistical population. For data analysis, frequency and frequency percentage in descriptive statistics were used. Findings show that the most important problems regarding the internship course are observing teachers in urban schools while having their initial employment in rural ones, teachers' lack of time for discussion with the students  on reviewing and criticizing teaching methods and on overcoming the potential problems, school teachers' insufficient skills in using media and new educational technologies,  school teachers' low understanding of  the educational theories, developmental psychology,  and learning theories, and finally  school teachers' insufficient mastering on using appropriate teaching methods and models.

Knowledge has two explicit and tacit parts. The field of teaching and learning is traditionally based on explicit knowledge teachings and emphasized the important role of propositional knowledge for the explicit and universal expression of knowledge. But tacit knowledge with the three main characteristics of inarticulate, breaking rules and context oriented are the exact opposite of explicit knowledge. On the other hand, Wittgenstein's attitude in the second half of his intellectual life about the functional role of language and its relation to human thought has had a very important impact on the views of the philosophy of education, especially the field of teaching and learning. Combining functional-language approach with tacit knowledge theory in teaching and learning has led to the formation of a model of teaching as tacit teaching which has different dimensions and applications than the previous approach. Wittgenstein's view of education and teaching experience is one of the most important components of this kind of teaching model. The purpose of this paper is to show the relationship between the main components of the teaching of implicit teaching and Wittgenstein's teachings in the philosophical investigation. To achieve this, the method of qualitative analysis with a linguistic analysis approach has been used to study Wittgenstein's works and the theories on tacit knowledge of the subject.