fa بررسی اثربخشی آموزش برنامه فرزندپروری آدلری بر سبک‌های فرزندپروری مادران و ‌علاقه‌اجتماعی کودکان (7 تا 12 سال) با اختلال نارسایی‌ توجه-‌بیش‌فعالی روانشناسی Psychology مقاله پژوهشی Research Paper <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> اثربخشی<b> </b></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آموزش برنامه فرزندپروری آدلری (فرزندپروری دموکراتیک یا انضباط مثبت) </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بر سبک‌های فرزندپروری مادران و ‌علاقه‌اجتماعی فرزندان با</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> اختلال</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نارسایی توجه - بیش‌فعالی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بود</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و روش آن نوع نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون - پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل و پیگیری یک‌ماهه بود.</span></span><b> </b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جامعه آماری این پژوهش تمامی مادران و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کودکان 7 تا 12 سال با تشخیص اختلال بیش‌فعالی - نقص توجه مدارس ابتدایی ناحیه سه آموزش‌وپرورش شهر کرج </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سال 1400-1401</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بود. نمونه‌ پژوهش شامل </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">42 نفر از مادران </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">داری فرزند با</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> اختلال بیش‌فعالی -نقص‌توجه بودند</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> که </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با روش نمونه‌گیری</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> هدفمند </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">انتخاب و در دو گروه 21 نفره آزمایش و کنترل به‌صورت تصادفی جایگزین شدند. پرسش‌نامه تشخیص اختلال <a name="_Hlk144720957">نارسایی توجه - بیش‌فعالی</a></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(2013)، مقیاس </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">‌علاقه‌اجتماعی کودکان (علیزاده و همکاران، 2015)</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">‌‌</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و پرسشنامه </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شیوه‌های فرزندپروری رابینسون و همکاران (2000)</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به ترتیب </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برای سنجش </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نارسایی توجه - بیش‌فعالی، ‌علاقه</span></span><b> </b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">‌اجتماعی و شیوه فرزندپروری</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مادران گروه آزمایش به مدت 11 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و کودکان یک جلسه 75 دقیقه‌‌ای </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحت آموزش </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برنامه فرزندپروری آدلری </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قرار گرفتند.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج نشان داد <a name="_Hlk142659451">که این برنامه بر سبک فرزندپروری دمکراتیک (مقتدر یا مثبت) والدین تأثیر معناداری دارد </a></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(01/0></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">454/5</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">F=</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و آن را افزایش داده است. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اما بر سبک خودکامه و سهل&shy;گیر بی‌تأثیر بوده است</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. <a name="_Hlk142659474">همچنین یافته‌ها نشانگر این است که برنامه بر م</a></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ؤ</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">لفه مسئولیت‌پذیری و انجام تکالیف یا وظایف (از مؤلفه‌های علاقه اجتماعی) </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(0۵/0></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> , P </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">946/3</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">F=</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تأثیر دارد، اما در مؤلفه‌های ارتباط با مردم و همدلی، </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جرأت</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و اطمینان، احساس </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برابری در مقابل </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کهتری - برتری (از م</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ؤ</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">لفه‌های علاقه اجتماعی) تغییر معناداری گزارش نشده است. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش می‌توان نتیجه گرفت با توجه به پیامدهای سازنده سبک تربیتی دموکراتیک برای اعضای خانواده، آموزش فرزندپروری آدلری می‌تواند یکی از گزینه‌های تکمیل درمان و آموزش کودکان با تشخیص بیش‌فعالی - نقص‌توجه باشد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <pre style="text-align:justify"> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="background:#f8f9fa"><span style="font-family:Consolas"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Adlerian parenting program training (democratic parenting or positive discipline) on mothers&#39; parenting styles and social interest of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test-follow up with a control group. The statistical population of this research was all the mothers and children aged 7 to 12 years with the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in primary schools of the third education district of Karaj in 2014-2015. The research sample includes 42 mothers who were selected by purposive sampling method</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">and <a name="_Hlk125364290">randomly</a> assigned in to experimental and control groups. </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Questionnaire</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> for diagnosis of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder according to the criteria of the Manual of Diagnosis and Statistics of Mental Disorders (2013), <span style="background:white">Social Interest Scale for Children</span> (Alizadeh, Esmaili and Sohaili, 2015) and Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Robinson, Mandleco, Olsen, & Hart, 2001)</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">were utilized to measure hyperactivity, social interest and parenting style</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">respectively. The mothers in experimental group was trained in the Adlerian parenting program for 11 session‌‌&nbsp; 90-minute and children for 1 session‌‌&nbsp; 75- minute. The results showed that this program has a significant effect on democratic parenting style (</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">authoritative</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> or positive)</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">F=5/454, P<0/01) and </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">it has increased.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">But it has had no effect on the </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">authoritarian</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> and permissive style. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Also, the findings show that this program has an effect on the component of <span style="background:white">Responsibility-task doing</span> of social interest</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">F=3/946, P<0/05)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">, but no significant change has been reported in the components of<span style="background:white"> Relationship with people-empathy</span>, <span style="background:white">Confidence-Assertive</span>, feeling of <span style="background:white">Equality vs. Inferiority-superiority</span>.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></pre> برنامه فرزندپروری آدلری, اختلال نارسایی توجه - ‌بیش‌فعالی, علاقه اجتماعی Adlerian parenting program, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Social Interest 1 23 http://erj.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4405-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Zahra Aminabadi زهرا امین آبادی aminabadizahra@yahoo.com 10031947532846007142 10031947532846007142 No Resam Institute of Higher Education موسسه آموزش عالی رسام Manijeh Kaveh منیژه کاوه Kaveh@sku.ac.ir 10031947532846007143 10031947532846007143 Yes Shahrekord University دانشگاه شهرکرد