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Showing 5 results for Decision Making

Ms Hoda Mansourian, Ms Azadeh Nesari, Alireza Moradi, Babak Mohamadi,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2018)
Abstract

In this research connectionist modeling of decision making has been presented. Important areas for decision making in the brain are thalamus, prefrontal cortex and Amygdala. Connectionist modeling with 3 parts representative for these 3 areas is made based the result of Iowa Gambling Task. In many researches Iowa Gambling Task is used to study emotional decision making. In these kind of decision making the role of Amygdala is so important and we expect that a model with two parts (thalamus and Amygdala) can have the best result in modeling participants decisions without considering any part for cortex process. For this purpose 56 participants composed of 20 men and 36 women wanted to do Iowa Gambling Task. Results show that the networks related to two parts model predict 62.57 Percent’s of participant’s decisions and the 3parts model has 68.46 Percent’s of that. In conclusion it can be said that three parts modeling has been more success than mathematical two parts model in predicting the performance of participants and the difference is significant. In other words cortex role in this kind of decision making is quite important.
Dr. Ebrahim Ahmadi, Dr. Hojjat Hatami, Dr. Ebrahim Rangraz,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2019)
Abstract

 
When people want to make an emotional decision, they may avoid information that can make a rational decision stronger. With the aim of investigating information avoidance as a strategy to facilitate emotional decisions and in an experimental design, a call for participation in this study was sent to thirty thousand mobile phone subscribers in Tehran and Karaj and finally 383 people (149 men) with a mean age of 32 years participated in this research. First, participants were faced with rational and emotional choices, and then their information avoidance was measured. Participants were then randomly assigned to three groups and were given the same information they had avoided in three different ways. Finally, participants chose one of the two options and their desire for emotional choice was measured. Z Test and logistic regression analysis showed that most of the participants avoided information, but the same information affected their decisions, the participants who avoided information, chose more emotional choices, and the more the participants desire for emotional choice, the more their information avoidance. So, people avoid information to make emotional decision making easier.

Ava Behrouzi, Abbas Bakhshipour, Majid Mahmoud Aliloo,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract

Making risky decisions in adolescents has become a major public health concern and understanding the correlations affecting this process makes it possible to implement prevention plans. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of positive and negative mood induction on risky decision-making by moderating high behavioral brain systems. In order to meet this aim, 327 adolescents aged 18-13 years in Isfahan were randomly selected and screened through the Behavioral Brain Systems Questionnaire (BAS / BIS). Based on the standard score, two groups of 24 participants including high BAS and BIS were selected. The members of each group were randomly divided into two equal subgroups, we induced positive mood in the first subgroup and negative mood in the second subgroup using Pieces of emotional movies. Participants completed the Balloon Risk Test (BART) and the Positive and Negative Emotion Scale (PANAS) before and after mood induction. Results of data analysis by univariate factor covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between inducing positive and negative mood on risky decision making (p 0/05) and positive mood leads to increased risky decisions, The findings also showed that behavioral brain systems as biological personality traits significantly moderate the effect of mood induction on risky decision making (p 0/05). This means that adolescents with a high behavioral activation system have more hyperactivity when faced with positive moods and they are more at risk than people with behavioral inhibition systems while adolescents with behavioral inhibition systems, on the other hand, are more sensitive to negative moods and signs of punishment and they are more cautious.

Adel Bazram, Mahdi Khanjani, Mohammad Asgari, Seyed Mohammad Saeed Rezvani Nejad,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract

The three principles of double effect, personal contact, and action are suggested as the chief psychological mechanisms affecting human moral decision making in trolley dilemmas. The purpose of current research was to investigate the claim of the universality of these principles and their role in moral decision making in trolley dilemma in the oriental culture of Iran. In this research, using a semi-experimental single group pre-test-post-test design, four scenarios were used adopted from similar research. The statistical population of this research was the general population active in social media. The sample consisted of 235 participants with an average age of 30.34. Among the subjects, 143 were women and 92 were men. "McNemar" test was used for statistical analysis. Based on the results, the effect of all three principles on the ethical decision making of the subjects in trolley dilemma was confirmed significantly (Pvalue>0.05). Therefore, this research shows that all three principles of personal contact, action, and double effect are effectively influencing moral decision making.

Dr. Marzie Hashemi, Mrs. Mansoure Gholami,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Abstract

The research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between thinking styles and decision-making styles with the mediation of problem solving among startup employees. The research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the research included all employees in the field of startups in Tehran in 1401. 300 people were selected by available sampling method and responded to research tools including questionnaires of thinking style (Sternberg, 1994), decision making style (Scott and Bruce, 1995) and problem-solving skills (Heppner, 1988). Analysis of research data using descriptive statistics methods (prevalence, percentage, mean and standard deviation), Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression and structural equation modeling and path analysis statistical method with SPSS-26 software and Amos is done. Based on the findings, the proposed model had a good fit in structural equations and causal relationships between the mentioned variables. In general, in the proposed model of the research, it was found that the decision-making style is related to the thinking style both directly and indirectly through the problem-solving skills of the startup employees (P<0.05). The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between problem solving skills and its dimensions with decision-making style (P<0.05) and between thinking style and its dimensions with decision-making style. The collected data are consistent with the desired structural model and have a good fit. Therefore, the relationship between thinking styles and decision-making styles is confirmed with the mediation of problem-solving skills in startup employees.
 

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