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Showing 2 results for Oil Countries

Abolfazl Shahabadi, Abdolah Pourjavan,
Volume 5, Issue 16 (7-2014)
Abstract

Natural resources as wealth in general and oil and natural gas in particular can have a potentially beneficial impact on the economic prosperity. However, economic experience implies that many of the major oil exporting countries are facing instability in economic growth, Dutch Disease, corruption and under- development. Owing to the fact that natural resources can play a vital role in development, the present study tries to investigate the econometrics relationship between export of natural resources (as a proxy for abundance) and governance indicators (as alternative variables for institutional development) in selected oil-exporting and OECD countries through the application of Generalized Moment of Method (GMM), for the period lasting from 1996 to 2011. Findings of the study revealed that the strong and statistically significant evidence confirms the negative impact of the export of natural resources on the governance index, quality of regulations, rule of law and control of corruption in the selected OPEC’s member countries. Nevertheless, such a negative impact does not have any statistically significant strength in developed countries. This is due to the improvement made in the surveillance, technical and executive mechanisms of the institutions in the selected OECD countries. It seems that the enormous incomes accrued from the export of natural resources in the oil producing countries in question will induce a decrease in transparency and accountability, instability and frequent changes in economic policies, extension of rent-seeking, corruption and authoritarianism.
ـavad Taherpoor,
Volume 9, Issue 31 (3-2018)
Abstract

Economic vulnerability shows the exposure of the economy to exogenous shocks and deviations from the path of growth and development. On the other hand, the resilience of the economy is the ability to recover the mentioned path of growth and development. Therefore, these two factors determine the level of welfare of the economy. Since the production factor productivity is the most important variables in determining the level of welfare of the economy, it is important to be measured the taking effect of the economic productivity from economic vulnerability and resilience. Therefore, in the this study, with employing the Panel GMM method for the period 2005-2014 and for eighteen oil-rich countries, the impact of economic vulnerability and resilience on labor productivity has been considered. The results of this study show that economic resilience has the significant and positive effect while the economic vulnerability has the significant and negative effect on the productivity of labor factor of production. Oil-rich countries, especially Iran, should be focused on reducing their economic vulnerability. To reduce economic vulnerability, shifting from single-product economy to export-diversified economy and reduce dependence on strategic goods will be suggested. To improve economic resilience, focusing on macroeconomic stability, improving institutional quality, improving the structure of markets, and improving human capital will be recommended. It is clear that these policy-induced recommendations would be so hard, but failing to achieve them, it leads to the bitter experiences such as decline in oil revenues, especially the sanction conditions.


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