The continuation of drought and the simultaneous increase in dependence on underground water sources in the past decades have expanded the range of areas subject to subsidence to many different parts of the country, which results in a lot of damage.In order to reduce the damages caused by land subsidence, it is necessary to have a complete and accurate understanding of this phenomenon. In recent decades, the virtual aperture radar (SAR) interferometric technique has become a common method for measuring subsidence. In this research, field data such as piezometric wells and groundwater drop in the minimum and maximum periods and exploitation wells were used to calculate the amount of discharge in the aquifer using IDW interpolation, aiming at analyzing the time series of the subsidence of the Esfarayen plain. besides, radar data including Sentinel 1 images were used to calculate the subsidence rate in the first 8 months of 2023. The results of the research show that the amount of subsidence in the study basin was from 1 to 12 mm in a period of 8 months and 75.2% of the area of ​​the basin was in the medium critical and very critical zone, which can be recognized based on this. He showed that the Esfrain plain is in a critical state.The most water extraction and subsidence has been related to to south of Sankhasat, south of Kharasha, south of Arg, south of Gazan, Jafarabad Kharaba and Mehdiabad of Kal Beko wells, which are located in the very critical area and require efficient management of groundwater resources in order to control land subsidence.

Groundwater resources are important part of the sweet water available to humans. The present study studies and evaluates the quality of water resources of karstic basin of Roein Esfarayen. For this purpose, sampling of water from water sources was carried out and groundwater quality of the area was evaluated in terms of drinking, agriculture and industry using Schoeller, Wilcox and Langelier diagrams, Water Quality Index( WQI) and groundwater quality index (GQI). According to the results of the analysis of the samples taken and the relevant charter diagrams, most of the water sources in the area were in the good category for drinking. The results of the Wilcox diagram showed that only S7 (Springs of Zargara), S6 (Springs of Sarang Zwucha) and S20 samples (rivers at the basin outlet) had saline water but could be used for agriculture and the rest were suitable for agriculture. The water quality table of the region's springs in terms of industrial use also showed that all of the water samples of the region except the Springs of Sangvah, which contains sediment-bearing water, have corrosive properties. The WQI index is also indicative of the quality of all samples taken in drinking water, and only the surface water of the basin outlet whose WQI is above 50 is in good condition. Location and quality zoning of drinking water from the GQI index was also carried out. The GQI quality index in the region varied from 93.42 to 95.87 in the region. Therefore, it can be said that although the minimum quality of samples is related to surface water of the basin, but this quality value is also in the appropriate quality category. Therefore, in total, all the water resources of the study area are in the category of quality in terms of drinking water standards