In recent decades, good urban governance has been proposed as the most effective, least expensive, and most sustainable method for managing the complex and multi-level systems of modern cities. The centrality of this approach in urban management is based on democratic and egalitarian development, aiming to involve all interested and influential stakeholders in the administration of cities while addressing their diverse needs. On the other hand, women, as one of the main and most influential social groups in urban life, play a prominent role in city administration. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the role of good urban governance during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on the women’s status in Semnan. From the perspective of its objective, this research is practical, and in terms of data collection, it is descriptive-survey. A questionnaire was used to collect data and information for this study. The statistical population of the research consists of the citizens of Semnan, with a population of 185,129 people. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula, resulting in 383 participants. To analyze the data, single-sample t-tests and multivariate linear regression were employed. Finally, to generalize the results from the sample to the statistical population, structural equation modeling was conducted using Lisrel software. The results of the one-sample t-test showed that the t-values for each of the research variables, with averages lower than the theoretical mean, were negative. This indicates that the dimensions of good urban governance in Semnan, as well as the situation of women in the city, are not in a favorable state. Additionally, the results of structural equation modeling in Lisrel software revealed that the justice variable has the strongest and most significant relationship with good urban governance. Finally, the survey results demonstrate that it is impossible to achieve good urban governance without defining and explaining the practical role of women, who represent half of the city's population and are one of the most important and influential groups in city administration.

To assess thermal comfort conditions in classrooms, a field study was conducted in Sabzevar. The thermal sensations reported by students regarding classroom conditions were documented at various times throughout the day during the 2009–2010 academic year across multiple classes. temperature and humidity data within the classrooms were recorded simultaneous using a data logger. To analyze differences, both ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test were employed. The findings indicated that the geographical orientation and floor level of the classrooms did not significantly influence temperature and humidity levels. In contrast, significant hourly variations in these parameters were observed. Overall, reports of cooling sensations were more prevalent than those of heating sensations (24% vs. 12%). Thermal sensation exhibited considerable variation across different months, with October recording the lowest frequency of thermal comfort sensations. In all months except October, students expressed a preference for "heating." Although the performance of the heating system was deemed adequate, its operational schedule should be modified to commence closer to the beginning of morning classes in order to mitigate substantial energy waste. While temperature and humidity within the classrooms did not present significant monthly variations, students' thermal sensations varied markedly between months. This suggests that thermal sensation is influenced by factors beyond mere physical characteristics (temperature and humidity). In addition to climatic parameters, individual characteristics such as sex, age, weight, height, clothing, and activity level also play a significant role in shaping perceptions of thermal comfort. 

Following the victory of the Islamic Revolution, a new perspective on science and technology emerged in Iran. This scientific discourse was profoundly shaped by the principles of the Islamic Revolution and Islamic ideology, leading to the establishment of new values and objectives for the advancement of science and technology. In the post-revolutionary era, as policymakers recognized science and technology as pivotal drivers of societal progress and excellence, they devised scientific policies and strategies aimed at achieving revolutionary and Islamic ideals. This evolving attitude toward science and technology significantly influenced Iran’s scientific and technological development during this period. Given that the Islamic Republic of Iran has assumed a leading role in scientific leadership within the region since 1979, its contributions to the development of scientific capabilities under successive post-revolution governments are noteworthy. To explore this, a descriptive-analytical approach was employed, utilizing reliable data from both domestic and international sources. The research findings indicate that the prevailing discourse in different governmental periods included a focus on industrialization through import substitution and capital resource allocation (1981–1989), modernization and institutional development with an emphasis on advanced technologies (1989–1997), the promotion of advanced technologies, innovation, export expansion, and social justice centered on knowledge-based industries (1997–2005), the transition toward knowledge-based innovation in the economy (2005–2013), and the enhancement of international cooperation with an emphasis on identity and rationality in policy formulation and implementation (2013–2021). The results demonstrate that, in each phase, measures such as the expansion of higher education and scientific research, the establishment of universities and research centers, and the creation of domestic and international scientific networks were implemented in alignment with the dominant discourse. 

The torrential rains that occurred in April 2017 in Lorestan Province exemplified severe precipitation that inflicted substantial damage on agricultural, urban, transportation, and communication infrastructures. This study aims to investigate and elucidate the relationship between the physical structure of clouds responsible for two waves of heavy rainfall in April 2017 within the Doroud catchment area of Boroujerd. In this context, the statistical characteristics of two precipitation events on March 25 and April 1, 2019, were analyzed. The microphysical properties of the clouds generating these two heavy rainfall events were examined utilizing the Madis superconductor product and MOD06. Four microphysical factors contributing to the formation of clouds during these two rainfall waves in the Doroud-Borujerd basin—including cloud top temperature (CTT), cloud top pressure (CTP), optical cloud thickness (OCT), and cloud cover ratio (CFR)—were analyzed. Statistical assessments indicated that the first wave of heavy rainfall, occurring on March 25, 2019 (5 April 1398), accounted for 15% of the total annual rainfall, while the second wave on April 1, 2019 (12 April 1398) contributed 20% of the region's average annual rainfall within these two days. The findings from the analysis of the microphysical structure of the clouds producing these two precipitation waves, based on data from the MODIS cloud sensor product, revealed a significant spatial correlation between the four microphysical factors and the recorded precipitation values of these two heavy rainfall events. Specifically, the cloud top temperature and pressure, indicative of vertical cloud expansion in the area, exhibited a significant inverse relationship with the precipitation amounts in the basin. Conversely, the cloud cover ratio and optical thickness demonstrated a direct and significant spatial correlation with the recorded rainfall values. The results of this study thus establish a significant and robust relationship between the microphysical structure of clouds and the precipitation amounts recorded in the region during these two heavy rainfall events. 

A viable solution to address the challenge of urban poverty in the worn and inefficient contexts of the metropolis of Ahvaz is to reform its structures by integrating poverty-reducing policies into urban planning for the future. Sustainable regeneration has been identified as one such strategy. The premise that substantial capital investment in neighborhood regeneration can enhance the overall conditions of the neighborhood poverty system underscores the critical need to organize economically focused spaces within targeted poverty zones.
Utilizing the normative futures study method, three types of uncertainty scenarios—critical, middle, and desirable—were developed through a Delphi survey for each of the five strategic drivers of the research that can be managed, modified, and monitored throughout the sustainable regeneration process. The sustainable regeneration plan for urban neighborhoods was conceptualized with poverty-reducing policies tailored to each of these five strategic drivers, guided by thematic macrotrends.For each technical area, the key impacts of future-oriented economic interventions aimed at regenerating the targeted neighborhoods were identified and outlined. Based on these dimensions, policies were proposed in the form of thematic actions aligned with desirable scenarios to enhance the status of the five strategic research drivers. This, in turn, aims to reform the structures of urban poverty and improve the overall conditions of the poverty system in the targeted neighborhoods.as a result, The failure of Iran's urban regeneration programs in resolving stakeholder conflicts is rooted in many structural weaknesses related to the procedures and methods of preparation and implementation of these programs. Therefore, a mechanism should be provided in the process of preparing urban regeneration plans, which, in the first step, should pay attention to the dynamic, multidimensional and complex nature of conflicts in the stages before, during and after the implementation of the project, and then identify the conflicts of the beneficiaries in the very early stages. to control.

The development of nature-based tourism is dependent on the introduction and attention to the attraction of natural tourism attractions. In fact, identifying the factors affecting the increase in the attractiveness of ecotourism and geotourias places is among the most important issues in the development of tourism and naturalization of an area. According to this, the purpose of the present paper is also to investigate the factors affecting the attractiveness of tourist and geotorrhean locations in the study area. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of its method, descriptive-analytic. The data collection tool and information questionnaire and interview are. The statistical population of the research is experts and specialists in Tourism in Khorramabad in Lorestan province. In this research, 50 experts and natural tourism specialists were selected as samples. The research results indicate that four factors of ecotourist and geotourist tourism products, natural assets, and development of tourism infrastructure and create opportunities of nature-centered tourism boom are the most important factors in increasing the attractiveness of tourist places and geotorrhea. Also, the results showed that the strengthening of regional tourism infrastructure, private sector investment in tourism and the recognition of natural tourism capacities and tourism attractions, and planning for its development, are the most important strategies for development of natural tourism in Khorramabad.