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Showing 23 results for Kerman

Amin Ghahramani Tolabi, Sayed Ali Nouri,
Volume 24, Issue 74 (9-2024)
Abstract

Baths are among the public buildings whose shape and architecture have changed during different historical periods. Due to the importance of these valuable buildings. Kermanshah is one of the cities that during the historical period, especially in the Qajar period, due to its location on the path of Atbat-e-Aliat, was considered by the rulers of the time and has many textures and examples of historical baths. Therefore, the present study seeks to identify the types of historical baths in Kermanshah province with emphasis on the location. To achieve this, it is necessary to study the factors affecting the formation, location in urban, rural and neighborhood contexts, spatial geometry of Kermanshah baths. The research method in this research is a descriptive-analytical method based on field studies, analysis of the location, structure, architecture, decorations, proportions and materials of 12 samples of baths in Kermanshah province and a comparative-historical study of the samples. The results of this study show that Kermanshah province baths in terms of location are divided into 6 types: baths in the bazaar, single baths in neighborhoods, twin baths in neighborhoods, baths as an element of a complex in neighborhoods, baths in houses and baths They are divided in the rural context. The geometry of Kermanshah bath spaces is a function of the location in the city or village. Communication spaces and corridors in neighborhood and market-affiliated baths are based on the big measure, but in private baths and in-house baths and rural baths are based on the small measure. The main spaces of urban baths are decorated with limestone, but rural baths do not have limestone decorations. All the baths studied have 3 main spaces: Bine, garmkhaneh and khazineh, and the area of ​​the garmkhaneh space is relatively larger and larger than Bine, space.

D.r Mostafa Shahinifar,
Volume 24, Issue 75 (12-2024)
Abstract

Urban public spaces have become increasingly vital in the functioning of cities, serving as primary sites for citizen interactions. These spaces play a significant role in understanding human behavior and in shaping behavioral settings. This article examines the factors that influence the establishment of behavioral patterns in Azadi Square, the main square in Kermanshah. Despite its communicative function, the social role of this square remains limited. The research conducted for this article employed a descriptive and survey-based methodology. Data collection techniques included observation, photography, face-to-face interactions, and physical presence within the study area. Additionally, interviews were conducted with randomly selected individuals based on pedestrian flow in the square. Each interview lasted an average of approximately 12 minutes. Analysis of behavioral pattern maps in the area revealed a mismatch between the form and function of Azadi Square. Dynamic and static activities within the square were of short duration, while the haphazard arrangement of details hindered its visual expression. The lack of human-scale dimensions in the space resulted in a decline in quality for activities such as meetings, exercise, play, sitting, stopping, and even walking. Overall, the quality of Azadi Square in Kermanshah has not adequately met the functional needs of its users. Consequently, this research emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between behavioral patterns and the environment, enabling designers to enhance the quality of such spaces.

Mohammadsaleh Ekhlasi, Dr. Somayeh Soltani-Gerdefaramarzi, Dr. Abolfazl Azizian, Morteza Gheysouri,
Volume 25, Issue 76 (3-2025)
Abstract

In this study, we examined the impact of climate change on the virtual water content of key crops in Kerman province for future periods. Specifically, we utilized the climatic data from the HadCM3 model under the RCP4.5 radiative forcing scenario. The model was calibrated and validated for the base period of 1991-2011. We predicted the precipitation levels, as well as the maximum and minimum temperatures, for selected stations from 2011 to 2070 using data from LARS-WG. These predictions were then compared to the base period. The virtual water content was calculated for three selected crops: alfalfa, barley, and wheat. Our findings indicate that climate change has a significant impact on evapotranspiration and the performance of these crops, consequently affecting future agricultural water productivity. As we project an increase in average temperature during the growing season due to climate change, it is worth noting that the maximum temperature parameter will be more affected by this phenomenon than the minimum temperature. This, in turn, will lead to increased water requirements and plant evaporation-transpiration during this period. Our research also reveals a decrease in precipitation during hot seasons and an increase during cold seasons across all study stations. Notably, the virtual water content for all crops studied demonstrates an upward trend, with barley and wheat showing the greatest average increase in the future period. Specifically, the Kerman station exhibits a substantial increase in virtual water content for barley and alfalfa products, at a minimum of 30% higher than the base period.


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