Showing 143 results for Urban
Mehdi Asghari, Zeinab Karkehbadi, Abbas Arghan,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
. All the interested and influential forces are in the administration of the cities and also respond to all the needs of these groups. On the other hand, women, as one of the main and most influential groups and social forces in the civil life of cities, today have a prominent role in the categories related to city administration. Therefore, the purpose of this article is the role of good urban governance in the corona and post-corona period, considering the position of women in Semnan. From the point of view of the goal, the present research is practical and according to the method of data collection, it is descriptive-survey. A questionnaire was used to collect the data and information of this research. The statistical population of the current research is the citizens of Semnan with a population of 185,129 people, and the sample size is calculated using Cochran's formula to be equal to 383 people. To analyze the data, single-sample t-tests and multivariate linear regression were used, and finally, to generalize the results from the sample to the statistical population, the structural equation modeling method was used by Lisrel software. The results of the one-sample t-test have shown that the t-values for each of the research variables with averages lower than the theoretical mean have been obtained as a negative number, which has determined the state of the dimensions of good urban governance in the city. Semnan and the position of women in it is not in a good position. Also, the results of structural equations in Lisrel software have shown that the justice variable has the highest and strongest relationship with good urban governance. Finally, the results of the surveys show; It is not possible to hope for the realization of good urban governance without defining and explaining the practical role of women as half of the city's citizens and one of the most important and influential groups in the administration of city affairs.
Elham Homayooni, Dr Elham Pourmahabadian, Sina Razaghiasl,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
How to design the work environment has a direct relationship with the increase or decrease of construction performance, and there are factors that if not taken into account in the design of the work environment, the administrative work will not be done properly, and in this case, it is faced with a decrease in administrative productivity. The environmental characteristics of work spaces and their impact on employees are of particular importance. On the other hand, in order to increase the productivity in the organization, we need to provide several conditions, the most important of which is the human factor, and the motivated human force to perform its duties is the most important productivity factor. The main goal of this research is to explain the optimal design model of municipal administrative spaces with an existential approach influenced by the geography of Shahrekord. Therefore, in this research, the question of what is the optimal model for designing municipal office spaces with an existential approach influenced by the geography of Shahrekord has been investigated. The research method was "descriptive-analytical" in the stage of theoretical foundations and "survey method" in the stage of expressing the findings, and the environmental variables of the office spaces, which were adapted to the indicators of existential psychology, were questioned in this questionnaire. Are after answering and completing the questionnaires by the study community, the data and information obtained from the questionnaires are analyzed in Amos and spss analytical software. The results of the research on office buildings have shown that the most important environmental parameters affecting the performance of human resources in office environments are: color, lighting, noise pollution level, visibility and scenery, indoor air quality and thermal comfort. Design, flexibility, communication, arrangement of work space and furniture, humidity, etc., which can be classified into two groups of psychological and physical components.
Nahid Keshavarz, Hamidreza Joodki, Ali Nourikermani,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
The historical area of the cities is a valuable architectural and physical heritage and a manifestation of the cultural, economic and social aspects of the people who lived in this part of the city in historical periods and recorded its cultural identity. These areas have witnessed the decline in urban development and the few actions regarding their improvement or reconstruction have not been acceptable. advance The purpose of this research is an analysis of urban regeneration in the historical (old) context of Dezful city. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical and survey. The statistical population of the current research is all the residents of the historical context of Dezful city, which according to the latest census of Iran Statistics Center, has a population of 29,277 people. In order to reach a reasonable sample size, 384 samples were determined using Cochran's formula and randomly selected in a stratified manner. The main tool of data collection in the current research; It is a questionnaire, but due to the specialization of the questionnaire, interview and observation methods have also been used in order to complete the questionnaires. The results of SWOT and QSPM models show that the first two of the five final strategies for re-creating the historical context of Dezful belong to offensive strategies. In this way, the study and design of the possibility of creating footpaths in the historical context according to the increasing desire of the people for cultural and historical tourism and the use of the border area of the Dez river for the development of green space and the design of the green corridor along the river and the historical context can be considered as important. proposed the most aggressive strategies.
Mahdi Yaraghi Fard, Samaneh Jalili Saassistant Professor of Urdrabad,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
A healthy city is an idea to prevent the development of various diseases through the issues of urban design and land use. Shiraz city and Fars province have the highest number of road and pedestrian accidents. Also, depression of the elderly is the basis of other diseases and requires social and health care and increasing awareness in this field to increase life expectancy and strengthen the sense of belonging in society. The present study was investigated to measure indicators and explain healthy urban spaces with a smart city approach in Shiraz city. This research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical regarding its nature and method. The statistical population of the research was selected from a group of university experts and municipal employees to identify the ideas of the health-oriented city with the smart city approach. The collection of information required for research is based on detailed library studies. In this study, to analyze the data from an inferential method, the single-sample t-test; analysis of variance test (ANOVA); Scheffe's post hoc test, and factor analysis test were used. To analyze the data, SPSS software was used. The results showed that the indicators of this research are not in conflict with each other and play a role in the health of the citizens. Also, 11 factors have been identified as effective dimensions for a healthy city with a smart city approach, which are: air quality, social interaction, safety level, social participation, climatic comfort, social security, access to water, sewage, and waste management, social justice, urban green space, education, poverty, and employment. Finally, the hypotheses of the research have been confirmed.
Saeed Zanganeh,
Volume 15, Issue 38 (4-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Urban form can be affected by diverse factors in different times. Socio- economic, political and physical factors are among the main contributors. So, one of the most important challenges of urban planners is measuring and identifying urban development pattern in order to direct and strengthen it to sustainable pattern and right direction. The case study of the present paper is the city of Yazd, a middle-sized city in the center of Iran, and the studied years are 1975, 1987, 2000 and 2010. To achieve the main objective of the paper, measuring Yazd growth and expansion by spatial metrics, it has used remote sensing data and satellite imageries and ArcGIS software. The conclusion revealed that in four periods of study, complexity or irregularity of the urban patch shapes has increased, centrality or average distance of the dispersed parts to the city center has decreased, compactness or the number and area of patches their distance from each other has decreased, porosity or ratio of open space has increased and finally population density of city has decreased in a large amount. Therefore, all perimeters show that the temporal - spatial form of Yazd has moved from compact to sprawl. Due to many undesired impacts of urban sprawl, urban planners and authorities are required to use adherent techniques and policies to control urban sprawl and to direct it toward more sustainable directions.
Maryam Hoseini, Mohammad Karimi, Mohammad Saadimesgari, Mehdi Heydary,
Volume 16, Issue 40 (3-2016)
Abstract
According to urban environment complexity and dynamism and need to targeted land use change, incorporation GIS and PSS in the form of Spatial Planning Support Systems is inevitable. The aim of this study is to develop a spatial planning support system for urban land uses change (ULCMS), such that planners can enter expert knowledge in the form of desired criteria and weights and see their influence in results. The developed system including modules for land suitability evaluation, calculation of the area of required land and land use change. Access models, neighborhood models and Multi Criteria Decision Making methods, fuzzy operators, linear regression, maximum potential and hierarchical optimization models is used in planning and implementation these modules. System practical test performed for measuring residential, commercial, industrial, agriculture and service land use changes for the year 1390 and 1395 in Shiraz city. The result shows that ULCMS help users in better understanding, showing complexity of land use system and development and improvement land management strategies for the creation of better balance between urban expansion and environmental conservation.
Ahmad Mazidi, Mahdi Narangifard,
Volume 16, Issue 40 (3-2016)
Abstract
Expansion of urban areas has impacted on climate in local and global scale. As a result, residents’ life would be influenced accordingly. In this study, the effects of changes in land cover and land use change on climate of Shiraz and Fasa were studied in a long-term period. To ensure the normal data, Kolmogrov-Smirnoff test was employed. The minimum and maximum temperature parameters and relative humidity were evaluated using non-parametric Mann-Kendall and regression method in a 45-year period (1966-2010). The results showed a decreasing trend for the minimum temperature and humidity for Fasa and minimum and maximum relative humidity for Shiraz whereas other quantities showed an increasing trend. The study examined the effects of land use changes and land cover types in the 23-year period (1987-2010) using images of LANDSAT satellite of TM sensor on temperature pattern in two cities. During these 23 years, a reduction of 113 square kilometers for barren land of Shiraz and 5/7 square kilometers for barren land of Fasa and extending 110 kilometers residential users and 3/5 square kilometers in Shiraz and Fasa were reported.
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Volume 16, Issue 41 (6-2016)
Abstract
Rapid urban development in social, economical, cultural, political and environmental aspects, has affected the human life in recent decades. Introducing the sustainable development as the main theme of the third millennium is the result of urban impact on the biosphere and the range of different aspects of human life too. Concentration on differences in dimensions and indicators of sustainable development in one place and having them compared to other places can use fal for planners to realize the development potential and weaknesses. In theme lines, Boroujerd city have been studied as one of the median cities in the West of Iran to assess the indicators of sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to assess indicators of sustainable urban development in Boroujerd town, compared with Iran urban centers. In this study, methodology, is cognitive in terms of objective, and is comparative- analytical in term of identity and the data collection method is documental studies. To assess the level of development, the concept of sustainable development was classified in four dimensions: social, economical, environmental, physical-institutional and 44 indicators were identified. The data were collected in the Boroujerd city and Iran urban centers. Data were analyzed with sign test in SPSS software. The result has shown that there is no difference between Boroujerd city and Iran urban centers in terms of social and physical-institutional indicators. But, economic and environmental indicators have significant differences. The economic condition is not good but the environmental condition is better. On the other hand, taking into account all indices, the sustainability of Borujerd city, almost is same with Iran situation sustainable.
Jalil Mohammadi, Alireza Mohammadi,
Volume 17, Issue 44 (3-2017)
Abstract
Social capital including values such as trust and cooperation and solidarity in a residential zone is a concept that has been very important and critical in the process of urban renewal in recent decades. The aim of the present study was to measure the degree of social capital and to investigate the relationship between social capital and physical interference pattern and continued motivation of residence. And it also tries to identify the type and extent of the relationship between social capital with the increased participation and the rate of the implementation of urban renewal projects, on the other hand. The present study is a survey –based research. It is descriptive - analytical. The conceptual questionnaire was used as an instrument in this study. Formulation of theoretical foundation was based on library resources. The population of the present study consisted of all the inhabitants living in Zanjan old texture (family heads) that was 46150. Using multi-stage random sampling was used and 330 samples were selected using Cochran formula. The results showed that the Zanjan old texture residents have the social capital above average; nearly it was true in all of its components. Also significance relationship does not exist between social capital and the renewal of old urban texture. Due to various factors including lack of trust in the body of urban management, lack of reinforcing the planning of required effective variables, residents are uncertain and in doubt on the issue of renewal and improvement of urban old texture. So, it emphasizes on the importance of planning in this area.
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Volume 17, Issue 47 (12-2017)
Abstract
In recent decades, developing urban tourism as one of major economic activities in different countries has caused many managers and planners to consider increased quality of tourism experience and protecting interests of host communities to expand the activities of this industry, knowing potentials, existing problems, decision making and planning. To do so, strategic planning can be propounded as a response to difficulties occurred due to lack of appropriate planning in tourism. In core tourism like all other commercial activities, strategic tourism should be depicted. So, one of strategic planning models used to develop tourism particularly urban tourism is a traditional model called SWOT. Therefore, in present study, it has been endeavored of Shahr-e-kord located in Chaharmahal-e-Bakhtiari as well as to analyze difficulties and problems existing in respect of Shahr-e-kord tourism. His study is a descriptive-analytic one and was done using filed studies and data gathered through evidence and libraries, questionnaires (considering the attitude of 70 officials and tourists) and Internet. Then, data was analyzed using excel software and strategic model of SWOT. Results suggested that due to having high capacities for tourism, Shahr-e-kord suffers from lack of enough infrastructure problems. On the other hand, it encompasses opportunities for educated young people to be employed and for investing. Some of major solutions to develop tourism are to increase advertisement, provide welfare and accommodation facilities, attract investment and be protected by government.
Farzaneh Sasanpour, , ,
Volume 17, Issue 47 (12-2017)
Abstract
Urbanization bubble is a new concept in urban planning issues for examining sustainability at various levels of social, economic, environmental, and management. So far, no common definition provided for urbanization bubble that indicate a lack of research in this field. This research aimed at assessing futures studies of urbanization bubble in Tehran metropolitan with focus on scenario planning. Research method in term of purpose is applied and in term of method is exploratory descriptive analytic one. Required data gathered through field study and document review. In field studies, Delphi technique performed in the form of a group of 30 people. For data analyzing, cross impact analyzes used in MICMAC software. Results indicate that 56 factors identified as key factors in five institutional, managerial, economic, social and environmental dimensions affecting future condition of urbanization bubble. Then, based on experts’ comments, 25 agents identified. Dispersion of the variables indicates the instability of Tehran's metropolitan system. Five categories of influential, dual, regulatory, influential and independent factors identified. Final scores and ranking of key factors carried out and finally, three scenarios presented for the future status of urbanization bubble in Tehran metropolitan.
Doctor Maryam Ilanloo, Sir Hosein Bicgarian, Sir Mohsen Yahya Soltani, Sir Mohammad Mehdi Bahramian,
Volume 19, Issue 52 (3-2019)
Abstract
Solid waste is an integral part of human life, generation of various quantities and qualities of which is one of the greatest environmental problems of the current era. Application of modern tools and technology to find the right place for recycling, where the volume of recyclable materials can be reduced, seems vital for reusing the recoverable materials contained in normal waste and their recycling and reusing in the cycle of industry. The study aimed to find a location for recycling and its converting industries in Kelardasht, Iran. This was a descriptive and analytical research with a survey approach. At first, experts of the field were recognized and a scientific panel was formed to identify the relevant criteria through Delphi method. In this respect, five criteria of the distance from residential and commercial areas, the distance from urban streets, the distance from the river, the distance from the hospital and education centers, and the distance from hotels, banks, and offices were selected. After that, the permitted distances for these criteria were determined by Delphi technique, followed by the application of the centroid method to determine the exact distances. Moreover, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS) were exploited to determine the and use weights in raster maps and generation of the zoning map. Furthermore, the best locations for recycling were selected in Kelardasht using field survey method and based on the zoning map. According to the results, four sites were selected for recycling of recoverable solid waste in this region
Mr Sirous Hashemi Darebadami, Dr Ali Darvishi Boloorani, Dr Seyed Kazem Alavipanah, Mr Mohammad Maleki, Mr Reza Bayat,
Volume 19, Issue 52 (3-2019)
Abstract
The term urban heat island (UHI), described the phenomenon of climate change in urban areas compared with surrounding rural areas. UHI effects include: increasing in energy and water consumption, air pollution expansion and interfering in thermal comfort. Surface urban heat island (SUHI) contains patterns of land surface temperature (LST) in urban areas that has interaction with UHI in urban canopy layer and urban boundary layer and investigate with thermal remote sensing. SUHI has diurnal and seasonal variations so requires multi-temporal data to analysis SUHI. In this study, the multi-temporal MODIS (Aqua and Terra) data product were used to analyze the SUHI in day and night in Tehran metropolitan. Physical and biophysical surface properties such as: land cover/land use (LULC), elevation, albedo, vegetation index (NDVI) and impervious surfaces index (NDBI) were used to interpretation of the LST and SUHI changes. The results showed that SUHI in Tehran, has spatial-temporal diurnal and seasonal variation. So that during warm days the surface urban cool island (SUCL) is formed in Tehran. At night times, SUHI index values was different between 2 and 5 ° C (maximum in the spring). The results also showed that different of land cover thermal properties, albedo and elevation was the most important factors is the diurnal changes of SUHI while phonological changes of vegetation and albedo, was the most important factors in seasonal changes of SUHI.
, S Z, A T, M A,
Volume 19, Issue 53 (6-2019)
Abstract
Using the passive defense principles in urban plans and projects is important in the context of land use planning, reinforced concrete, citizen education, and increasing urban resiliency. Observing and adhering to these principles will reduce the vulnerability of the city and citizens to security and military threats. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the spatial pathology of the physical and social structure of the 6th urban district of Tehran municipality with emphasis on passive defense approach principles particularly citizenship education principle. Therefore, this research has selected the 6th urban district of Tehran municipality, due to its important and sensitive land uses with regional and trans-regional functions as a research area. In this study, the AHP model was used to assess the physical structure pathology. In order to evaluate the social structure damages of the area, three neighborhoods were selected in the region using cluster-spatial sampling. Then, using the survey method, the authors sought to collect the views of the inhabitants. In order to determine the sample size, the Cochran's formula was used. The results of this study indicate that the vulnerability of the region in terms of the physical structure is moderate and downward. Additionally, the social vulnerability of the area is also above average. Finally, the factors influencing the vulnerability of physical and social structure were investigated. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the indicators of population and construction density are the most important factors affecting vulnerability from experts' viewpoint. In addition, it was revealed that education and awareness, resiliency against security-military threats, skill and expertise, respectively, are the effective indicators of the vulnerability of the social structure of the area.
Taher Safarrad, Mehran Mansourinia, Hersh Entezami,
Volume 19, Issue 53 (6-2019)
Abstract
Population growth and urbanization development are the main triggering factors of changes in urban land uses. These, in turn, result in changes in the components of radiation balance. The present study tries to analyze the role of urban land uses in radiation balance by calculating net radiation and its analysis. For this purpose, the Landsat 8 satellite image of 2016 was used. Characteristics of radiation flux including net radiation flux (RN), ground surface albedo (α), incoming longwave radiation (RL↓), incoming shortwave radiation (RS↓), outgoing longwave radiation (RL↑), and ground surface temperature were computed using Sebal algorithm.The values of these components in different land uses (compressed residential, scattered residential, green area and wastelands) were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test. The results of this study showed that the selected land uses have significant differences in the amount of radiation flux, therefore the wastelands are warmer than the residential areas by about 6 oC and the residential areas are warmer than the green areas by about 1.5 oC. The results also indicated that these differences are due to changes in output energy (α and RL↑), and any change in land use over time will ultimately lead to a change in the radiation balance and the temperature of those places, which this temperature increase, is different from the increase of the temperature due to global warming.
Arash Sadri, Arezu Bankian Tabrizi, Shadi Refaei Afsharghezelbash,
Volume 19, Issue 54 (9-2019)
Abstract
This article was written with the aim of the pedestrian impact on increasing social interactions in urban spaces of Bojnourd, with emphasis on social dimensions of social interaction. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic, which first of all has been designed to identify theoretical perspectives, general criteria of environmental quality and then collect field data and interviews with residents. Data analysis was performed using SWOT method. Case study is Taleghani street of Bojnourd. The results showed that the effect of physical properties on the quality of urban environments is in the first priority. Then, perception of the environment in the second priority and functional characteristics are in the top priority. According to the results, the most important independent variables in these three categories (physical, cultural and environmental) (security priorities, accessibility, passages, economic functions, urban environment, quality of social environment, social interactions Cultural activities, urban amenities, and recreational and lighting functions have the least impact.
Ms Masoumeh Amiribesheli, Mr Hosein Mogtabazadekhanghahi, Mr Yosefali Ziari, Mr Ali Nourikermani,
Volume 19, Issue 54 (9-2019)
Abstract
The urban land management is an l part of the urban management. In some countries such as Iran, there is no integrated urban land management and providing municipal services is assigned to nationwide organisations. This means urban management is offered by the municipality or subsidiaries of the aforementioned organisations such dispersion has occurred during serval decades. It is considered as the roots of organizatinal inefficiencies ( offocial and financial corruption is regarded as basic reasin for many crimes) and the origin or many conflicts between people and organizations(judicial) To do so, it follows an applied analytical descriptive approach. To analyse the data, mathematical and statistical methods were applied using Excel and SPSS. Moreover, the GIS was used for visualisation and adaptive analysis. The study concluded that lack of clear visions and consequently uncoordinated organisations and their policies, isolated and vertical decision-making, and unmanaged intervention without the required organisational capacities are the critical reasons for inefficient urban land management.
Mohammad Motamedi, Seyedhassan Rasouli, Mohammad Nasiri,
Volume 19, Issue 55 (12-2019)
Abstract
In public organizations such as municipalities, the design and deployment of a performance and control assessment system can lead to the proper management of urban managers on the road to achieving goals, tasks, strategies and development plans and urban development, in accordance with the quality, cost and time desired. Therefore, this article attempts to study the satisfaction of urban performance in urban services by using the views of citizens of the city of Farouj. For this assessment, using theoretical studies, 21 types of urban services were selected in three sections: Technical, Public and Cultural Services. At the next stage, the questionnaire was designed based on these services. Then, 400 questionnaires were distributed among the citizens of the case study city. In the next step, 380 questionnaires were completely and correctly collected and entered into SPSS software. Finally, the results of the study were analyzed by statistical tests. The results of the research indicate that the average satisfaction rate of public services in the city of Farouj is 3.53, which can be said that the level of citizens' compliance with this service is in the middle level. The average satisfaction rate of technical services in the city of Farouj has been calculated to be 3.31, and the average satisfaction rate of cultural services in city of Farouj has been calculated to be equal to 3.5. The results of statistical analysis indicate that the level of significance is more than 0.05 in relation to four of the urban services. This means that in terms of the services of sports spaces, the collection and disposal of surface water, the quality of leisure travelers and the respect of the clients, the level of satisfaction of citizens is equal to the average. In relation to two indicators of pedestrian quality and public participation, the mean difference with the statistical test was calculated to be 0.16 and -0.19 respectively, which indicates that the satisfaction of these services is lower than the limit on average. In other indicators, citizens' satisfaction is above average
Dr Saadi Mohammadi, Dr Askandar Moradi, Sharmin Hosaini,
Volume 20, Issue 56 (3-2020)
Abstract
The horizontal and urban growth of the past few generations, due to the dominance of the centralized planning system in the country, has led, in accordance with the principle of village-to-city interconversions, that many villages located around cities have undergone numerous changes and changes in the indicator status Of development. These changes, in addition to having positive aspects in most cases, have had a negative impact on the sustainable development of rural areas located in the vicinity of these cities. In the current applied research, a quantitative and qualitative approach with a spatial and descriptive-analytic approach has been carried out. The main objective of this research is to identify the consequences of the Marivan Creep phenomenon on the changes in the development status of the surrounding villages, Over the last few decades, physical development has been speeding up. Data gathering in the theoretical part of the documentary and in the field was conducted by a survey method based on an interview with the local people and the locals to identify the outcomes, and then the classical distribution of the questionnaire among the studied villages and simple random among 203 households supervised by The Cochran formula was determined by volume, 30 from local development experts and observers of the status quo, in order to generalize the findings from the interviews. The results of analyzing the data with the fundamental theory of the technique in the qualitative section and the single-sample t-test in the quantitative section showed that the urban creep phenomenon, in addition to limited positive consequences in improving the physical condition, caused social deficiencies, failure Economic problems, inadequate visual quality, natural environment degradation and institutional management failures in the development of villages studied.
Mrs Sara Behvandi, Dr Mohammad Reza Zandmoghadam, Dr Abbas Arghan, Dr Zeinab Kekehabadi,
Volume 20, Issue 56 (3-2020)
Abstract
Today, the huge economic damage of natural hazards, especially of the micro-organisms, to human societies has led the concept of economic sustainability to mitigate the effects of crises to become an important area in crisis management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of environmental hazards (effluents) on Ahwaz economy. This research can be considered as a type of applied-development research, and is a descriptive-analytical study in a correlation manner. The population of the study consisted of all residents of Ahwaz, in 1395, there were no more than 1302000 people. The sample size was 384, based on the Cochran formula, and randomly available. To investigate the data, the structural equation path analysis was used in Amos18 software. The results indicated that the microprocesses had an effect on the economy of Ahwaz with a coefficient of 0.31 and a significant level of 0.002. Also, the effect of fiery gradients was 0.73, and the significance level of 0.000 on the tax, the microguns, with the coefficient of influence 0.45 and the significance of 0.000 per facility, the effects of the micrographs with the coefficient of 0.55, and the significance of 0.000 on the housing, With a coefficient of influence of 0.17 and a significant amount of 0.008 on transportation. Accordingly, microblogging has the most impact on finance with a coefficient of 0.73, and transportation with a coefficient of influence of 0.17 has had the least effect.
