- Zahra Ghorbanalimezerji, - Hamdollah Sojasi Qedari, - Khadijeh Bozargomehri,
Volume 26, Issue 81 (6-2026)
Abstract
Religious events in a region show the beliefs and sanctity of that place by humans; Rituals and celebrations can have economic and social benefits for the region. Therefore, by examining and analyzing the economic and social effects of events, it is possible to help organize better and more diverse events and tourism in the region. Therefore, in this research, the main goal is to evaluate the impact of religious events tourism on the social and economic dimensions of villages. The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population studied consisted of 323 heads of households living in 6 selected villages that organize religious events in Nishabur county and new county of Zabarkhan. SPSS software was used to analyze the findings. The findings of the research show that the highest average belongs to the social dimension with an average of 1.94. Also, the analysis of factors using chi-square (x2) and inferential statistics, normality, one-sample t-test, analysis of variance, Friedman, independent t-test were used. The tests showed that the social and economic effects of tourism of religious events in the studied villages are low, and the people of the region considered the ideological and spiritual nature of the event and did not pay attention to its tourism characteristics. Therefore, it is suggested to provide the necessary infrastructure for holding religious events in rural areas as well as possible, and to conduct more researches in this connection, as well as to create a suitable economic environment and increase employment during events, to prepare brochures or resumes for introduction. area or local event to be addressed.
Dr Saeedeh Fakhari,
Volume 26, Issue 81 (6-2026)
Abstract
Tehran’s District 12, as one of the capital’s cultural and tourism hubs, hosts a collection of prominent cultural institutions and museums that serve as major attractions for domestic and international visitors. However, the absence of systematic planning for routing between these centers leads to wasted time and energy for tourists and diminishes the quality of their visitation experience. This study aims to optimize museum visitation routes in Tehran’s District 12, focusing on minimizing travel time and distance, by selecting 22 active and significant museums in the area as case studies. To achieve this, the mathematical model of the Open Traveling Salesman Problem (Open TSP) was applied within the framework of network analysis in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Precise spatial data—including the geographic locations of museums and the local street network—were imported into ArcGIS software and processed using the Network Analyst tool. Travel cost matrices (based on time and distance) between all museum pairs were calculated, and optimal visitation routes were extracted and ranked using heuristic Open TSP algorithms according to the criteria of minimum time and shortest distance. Findings indicate that applying the Open TSP model within network analysis leads to the identification of significantly more efficient routes compared to conventional patterns or unplanned visits. Quantitative results show that, under normal (non-optimized) conditions, visiting all 22 museums covers a distance of 25.91 km with a travel time of 310 minutes, whereas the optimized proposed route requires only 9.896 km and 118 minutes of travel time. This improvement represents a 62% reduction in both distance and travel time. The study demonstrates the high efficiency of integrating combinatorial optimization models with GIS spatial analysis capabilities for urban tourism planning and can serve as a model for intelligent management of tourist visitation routes in other urban areas. The results enable informed decision-making and optimal planning for both group and individual visits, significantly enhancing the tourism experience by reducing time and physical costs.
