Urban segregation has been a problem of many cities of the world. Many researchers have interested in the urban segregation issues. Urban segregation has strongly concentrated poverty and created underclass. Different types of urban segregation exist, including income and racial or ethnical segregation, and depending on the contextual mechanisms within a city. To understand and plan a better community, urban planners needs to know how to measure the segregation and interpret the results. There have been many developments of segregation measures. Some evolved and some remained unchanged. This paper is studied the most used multigroup measures of residential segregation (8 indicators) in Shiraz city and between different socio-economic groups of it by using of the Segregation Analyzer Software. In general, the results show the occurrence of segregation in the medium amount to the high amount and by the calculated values of 0/7177, 0/5785, 0/5474 – 1, 0/5407, 0/3969, 0/3759, 0/3613, 0/3375 in the city of Shiraz. On the other hand, the use of Hot spots Analysis in the study area shows that the greatest concentrations of the socio-economic high group are in almost near the center of Shiraz city and the northwest of city, and for the socio-economic medium group exists in the west of city. Also there is the greatest concentration of the socio-economic low group in the southwest of Shiraz city.

At the moment with regard to geopolitical and geostrategic situation of Iran, the existence of countless underground resources and the formation of ideological state, unfortunately, in urban areas of the country, especially in Ardabil ,because of its proximity to the border of northern and northwestern borders with knowledge of this particular situation, economic and infrastructural projects, Infrastructures and installations have been made without observing and interference of considerations and defense and security arrangements and have become a bare and significant available target for enemy and invading countries. This research aimed to study the vulnerability of Infrastructures Ardabil in terms of passive defense and application - development approach in a descriptive and analytical way using 18 effective indicators in form of 5 components of "Lifeline", "crisis management Centers", "military and police centers", "Urban equipment" and "support centers" in three priorities of strategic, psychological and support destruction. Information gathered in the Super Decision software (network analysis) are weighted, then mapped in GIS environment. The results of the studies show that there are six major hazardous zones under crisis conditions and are prone to injury in the Ardabil that the most important of them are the northeast output of Ardabil (Jahad field leading to Astara gate), the southwest of Ardabil (Sarein station leading to the Basij field toward the Sham Asbi village) and finally the north and northwestern parts of Ardabil (Vahdat square), with the sum of (17% of the total land area of the city) have included the highest vulnerability, due to the poor conditions of the physical characteristics and focus on management, corporate, military and state entities in this regions of the Ardabil city.