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Showing 5 results for Karst
Classification and identification of karstic aquifers in the OSHTORANKUH region
Dr Tayebeh Kiani, Mr. Mohamad Fatholahzadeh,
Volume 19, Issue 52 (3-2019)
Abstract

The karst areas refers to individual areas that shaped by the dissolution of bedrock and subsurface drainage grid development and are connected mainly with limestone. The karstic formations outcrop 20 percent of the land surface of the planet is covered that 11 percent of Iran are part of this 20% is included. The ZAGROS region of origin karstic formations in the country that the formation of karst forms and numerous caves in the area attest to this claim. Overall creation and development of karst geomorphology, the formation of karstic aquifers are karstic systems. In fact karstic aquifers, underground reservoirs that store water in a web of interlocking joints and cracks, caves and canals. The karst can be effective ways to develop into three categories: physical, chemical and hydrogeologic studies divided that role of lithology and its properties, weather conditions and hydrological and structural factors such as faults and fissures, and slope area are of particular importance. In this study, characteristics OSHTORANKUH region of karst processes and the formation of karstic aquifers were examined and to do so using the AHP model the effect of weight each criterion was determined in karst area. Then, using the SAW model )is a subset of multiple criteria decision-making methods( Zoning areas prone to karstic aquifers OSHTORANKUH software was Arc GIS 10.3 and defining the center of the southern slopes of the western and north-eastern slopes of the mountain that are consistent with carbonate formation, the intersection of active faults and are the focus of surface runoff ,it also has a gentle slope than other parts of the region, have Better and more suitable conditions for the formation of karst processes karstic aquifers. The adaptation of the area most prone to the aquifer karst springs evidence of the correct zoning of the area is karstic aquifers.


Assessing Vulenerabilty of Karstic Aquifers in Kermanshah Plain and Bistoon-Parao Mass Using COP Model
Dr Amjad Maleki, Dr Sajad Bageri, Master Sara Mataee,
Volume 19, Issue 52 (3-2019)
Abstract
Vulnerability assessment and mapping of hazard pollution is raised on as an important management strategy to protect the karst. Karstic aquifers in semi-arid regions of the West of Iran with regard to the natural conditions of the region, are susceptible to contamination. Estimation of amount and vulnerability mapping of aquifers in the karst religion of Bistoun- Paraw – Kermanshah plain against poullution emissions using the COP model are theaims of this study. This model using of three parameters - covering layer (O), concentration of flow (C) and regime of precipitation (P) - assesses the vulnerability of karst water resources against pollution. The results show that %31/4of the area has located in the zone of average vulnerability and %30/7of area has been in the low ​​vulnerability area and %37/9of the area has taken a very low vulnerabilities value. The later zone has been included  most part of the plain. Major areas of low and moderate vulnerabilityzones has been located in the high part of the area on wherethe developed limestone territory of karst formations is found. Vegetation cover of these regions areforest-steppe vegetation where is located in the low vulnerability zone and without vegetation cover where is in the moderate vulnerability zones. The latest has over 800 mm Precipitation. Totally, the Parameters that have  most important role in  vulnerability level in the areaare C, P and O respectively.
 
 
Studying the factors affecting the karst zonation and development of Khorin Mountain using Fuzzy Logic.
Amir Saffari, Tayebeh Kiani, Sasan Zangenehtabar,
Volume 19, Issue 55 (12-2019)
Abstract
Karstic zones play an important role in feeding the karstic aquifers؛ therefore, recognizing the factors affecting the karst mutation and its zonation in the field of studies concerned with karst water resources is of great concern. The results of these studies can be applied to quantitative and qualitative management and protection of these resources against the pollutions coming from human activities. Karst mass of Khorin with an area of 396.5 square kilometers is located in elevated Zagros zone at the boundary of two provinces, Kurdistan and Kermanshah. Because of the outcrops of carbonate rocks and the presence of other variables, this mass in which there are many springs as karst aquifer outputs is susceptible of Karstification. Thus, identifying the karstic shapes as well as studying the geomorphology of karst and its development in the karst mass of Khorin is very significant. In this relief different forms of karst landscape including a variety of Lapies, sinkholes, caves, etc. have formed. Here, lithological layers, distance from faults, precipitation, temperature, slope, elevation, direction and plants were fuzzy considering the required function for each and then were combined using 0.9 gamma operator. At the end, the zonation map of surface karst development was prepared. This map was classified into four classes of without karst, karst with low development, karst with medium development and karst with high development through natural fractures method. Regarding the need for the layer of sinkholes, to study the accuracy of karst development zonation in the area under the survey, karst sinkholes were identified and their spatial distribution map was prepared using the Fill sink method. The results of this study indicate that about 98% of sinkholes are situated in the classes of triple karst.

Elevation of natural vulnerability in the karst aquifers (case study: karst aquifers of Sheshpier and Borgan, Fars province)
Ms Mehdi Kashefi, Dr Mojgan Entezari, Dr Maryam Jafari Aghdam,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
vulnerability is considered as an inherent talent of underground water system that depending on the sensitivity of the system to anthropogenic effects. Natural vulnerability is based on the geomorphologic features of surface karst, type and level of aquifer recharge and hydrodynamic aquifer karstic aquifer in Fars province is the most important source of water supply for the supplement of drinking water of communities in the province, which are prone to pollution due to the natural conditions of the region and human activities. karstic aquifer of Shispir and Borghan plays a vital role in supplying drinking and agricultural water around them. The aim of this study is to estimate the natural vulnerability karstic aquifer of Shispir and Borghan using the proposed model of Cast action 620, and prioritize the level of aquifer in the field of conservation measures and provide management solutions in order to better protect them in this model. To prepare a natural vulnerability map are used geological maps, soil, vegetation, digital elevation model (10 meter) and precipitation statistics of meteorological stations and vulnerability map is evaluated as three factors of C, O, p. In the end, the region in terms of damage in five levels was classified in very high, high, low, low and very. The results of the COP model show the natural vulnerability of the region is high. In addition, the amount of vulnerability in the two upper and upper floors of this region is about 47 % where is the highest coverage area of that region of Shisper aquifer. The results of this study show the efficiency of the proposed methods by Cast Action 620 to detect and protection of groundwater resources from vulnerabilities and natural pollution.

Vulnerability assessment and zoning of developed and susceptible contaminated karstic (Case study: Ravenscar watershed)
Asadolah Hejazi, Zahra Heidari,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (4-2023)
Abstract
In recent years, population growth and consequently the shortage of drinking water resources have increased the importance of studying the areas of caries Regarding the importance of the subject, in the present study, the evaluation and monitoring of the developed karstic areas and the potential of contamination of Cartesian resources in the Ravensar basin have been addressed In this study, 7factors were used to evaluate the factors of Karst development in Ravansar basin as well as two methods of OWA and ANP. The method of work is that after the necessary processing, using the OWA method and applying weights obtained through the ANP model, the zoning is done After designing the zoning map, using the satellite imagery of 2007 and2015, the development of human development areas in the developed karstic areas has been evaluated The results of this study indicate that most of the studied basin, especially in northern and western areas of the basin, are highly and relatively developed in the class, The calculation of the area of man-made areas suggests that in2007, about 2.6 km of occupied areas of man-made industrial zones have been occupied which, according to the growing population, increased to 3.8 km in2015, human-made areas have been extracted in developed artisanal areas
 
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