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Today, in our country, cities have become the main place of work and life of the population and the amount of this population is increasing therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of life and the facilities needed by citizens and efforts to make cities livable. Increasing the city's livability can be the basis for Stability. It is important to pay attention to children because they are future citizens of society and they create the link between the past and the future generations. The present study, by using futures study  knowledge, identified key forces in the future of children's livabilityIn the first phase, using the Delphi method, we first identified some of the variables affecting the future status of urban living for children, Then we extracted 47 variables that were approved by experts and received the highest score. We divided these 47 variables into four environmental, physical, social, and economic groups. Then, using structural analysis method and creating a 47 * 47 matrix, these variables were compared using MICMAC software.  Finally, seven forces were extracted, which play key role in the future of children in the city. By using the Delphi method, has taken scenarios for these seven forces and 27 scenarios were written for forces and analyzed in the Scenario wizard software, and 3 strong scenarios, 7 believable scenarios and 309 poor scenarios were extracted. Finally, the results of the analyzes indicate that among the believable scenarios, 3 scenarios show favorable conditions, 3 scenarios, show continuation of the current process and 1 scenario shows completely critical situation. In addition, the results the survey of statistics and land per capita show that in the present situation, children's livability is not very desirable. Finally, solutions and suggestions were made to deal with critical scenarios.
 

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The importance of studying development in the field of child psychology is crystallized. On the other hand, cognitive development is a source of awareness in the field of children's development and has a double effect on the process of wayfinding children. Paying attention to this in urban spaces can make it easier for children to successfully wayfinding. The purpose of this study is to develop factors affecting the ease of wayfinding children in urban spaces with emphasis on cognitive abilities. The research method is applied in the present study. In this regard, in order to collect data, field observations, questionnaires and site visits have been used. The sampling method is random using Cochran's formula and the questionnaire was completed by 106 children in the age range of 10-12 years and 106 children in the age range of 12-14 years. Data analysis to analyze the routing pattern of children affected by cognitive development in Lashgar neighborhood has been calculated quantitatively by factor analysis using LISREL software. In data analysis to evaluate the relationship between wayfinding and cognitive development after data collection, the data were analyzed by statistical methods of Ti-dependent test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov hypothesis test. Based on the analysis of cognitive abilities in the navigation process of children, the results indicate that the elements of the guide and used in navigation are different in two age groups, and the age group of 12-14 years has an analytical mind, and in contrast to the group of 10-12 years, it is searching and Paying attention to secrecy determines the path. Children in the second age range mostly mentioned the color of the facades, the shape of the building and the buildings that have a distinctive form and function, also the children in the first age range pointed to the distinctive signs that have a distinct body compared to other buildings in the neighborhood.
Keywords: Cognitive development, child, wayfinding, Lashgar neighborhood.