Showing 327 results for Type of Study: Research
Dr Mohammad Khabiri, Mohammad Reza Asadpour, Dr Abdolhossein Karampour,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Today, commercial companies have accepted that sportsponsoring can act as a powerful tool for promoting their value. This study examines the impact of sponsorship aspects on brand equity of sponsor while researching about Hamrah Aval Company. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and is practical in terms of research target. The research is implemented using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The statistical population of the research is consisted of the fans of Perspolis and Esteghlal football teams who are members of HamrahAval fan system.393 questionnaires were collected using stratified random sampling in the field.A researcher made questionnaire was used to collect primary data.The validity of the questionnaire was checked using confirmation of sport management and marketing professors, and its reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha (α=0.95), and construct validity was made through confirmatory factor analysis.The findings showed that the suggested research model had a good fitness and all of the six aspects of sport sponsorship had a significant effect on the brand equity of the sponsor, and all the research hypotheses were confirmed.According to the findings, it is recommendedthat brand sponsors plan marketing activities (TV coverage and advertisements) to promote their brand equities.
Ms Masoumeh Rahimizadeh, Mr Mehdi Shahbazi,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Non-generic feedback refers to a specific event and that task performance is the reason to the acquisition of skills and implies that performance is malleable, while generic feedback implies that task performance reflects an inherent ability. The Goal of this study was to determine the generic and non-generic feedback effects on children’s motor learning basketball free throw. This research was semi-experimental. For this purpose, sixty children of Tehran (30 girls and 30 boys) aged 9-13 years participated in the study and were randomly divided into four groups of 15 individuals. Subjects performed six basketballs free throw in the acquisition (Two blocks of three trials). Which after the third throw, according to the group of subjects received a positive feedback (generic or non-generic) and also after the Sixth throw, negative feedback. After half an hour was immediate retention in the same way. Data were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA and repeated measures. Results showed that non-generic feedback was significantly more effective than generic feedback and shows more improvement in Performance. The present results demonstrate the importance of the wording of feedback, although these terms might not have an immediate effect on performance but by enhance motivation, poor performance is purportedly.
Leily Alizadeh, Mohammad Taghi Aghdasi, Vali Alizadeh,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Persian version of exercise dependence scale, prevalence of exercise dependence and some related factors in male and female athletes clubs of Urmia. Subjects of this research were 325 athletes in the sample (206 males; 119 females, mean age 28.06±8 years) various team and individual sports (team sports N= 195, individual sports N=130) in the form of voluntary and available attend in this study. Hausenblas and Downs (2002) exercise dependence scale 21 with seven subscale was the instruments of the study. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine validity of questionnaire, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine internal consistency. The results showed that the validity of exercise dependence scale 21 is desirable. Also the results showed that in this study the prevalence of exercise dependence between men and women population is not very different from each other and exercise dependence in individual sports is twice to team sports. Since exercise dependence may exist among a wide range of athletes, therefore, in order to address the adverse effects of this factor, it is necessary to examine the underlying causes and trying to modify it.
Behrouz Abdoli, Elham Azimzadeh, Nasour Ahmadi, Maryam Ekradi, Zahra Asgari,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Self-report psychological questionnaires are important tools for assessing cognitive and emotional status of athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of test of performance strategies (TOPS) among athletes. For this purpose, 209 males (n=125) and females (n=84) national and champions athletes aged 15 to 18 completed TOPS measure. It was used confirmatory factor analysis to test the construct validity of questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for testing internal consistency of each factor items. The results of factor analysis identified eight subscales of goal-setting, automaticity, emotional-control, imagery, activation, positive self-talk, relaxation, attentional control/negative thinking for the practice and competition. The results of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient indicated appropriate internal consistency of subscales items of practice (.70 to .95) and competition (.77 to .88). It seems that this questionnaire is an appropriate tool for measuring psychological skills among young athletes.
Dr Hamid Zahedi, Mis Forogh Tabatabaei,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Purpose: of this research was to compare the effects of internal/external and related/unrelated on Quiet eye changes and accuracy free throw of skilled male basketball players. Methodology: The statistical population of this research was all-male skilled basketball players of Esfahan city in 2017. Using purposeful sampling, 20 skilled basketball players (24/55±2/25 years) who were eligible to enter the research (using the Basketball Premier League players according to the test of the level of mastery of free throwing basketball) were selected. In order to measure the accuracy of basketball throwing, an eight-value scale was used. To measure the Quiet eye changes Eye-tracking was used. In order to analyze data using SPSS software using paired t-test and analysis of variance with repeated measures were used. Results: showed the impact of each of the strategies on the accuracy of free throws and Quiet eye changes in skilled basketball players. Also, unrelated external focus strategy compared with other strategies, further enhancing the accuracy of the basketball free throw and further increased the length of the Quiet eye of skilled basketball players Conclusion: It is recommended that coaches use an irrelevant external strategy to improve the performance and behavior of skilled athletes.
Mr Abdolhossein Ebrahimi, Dr Amin Khatibi, Dr Abdorlahman Mehdipour, Dr Seyedhossain Marashian,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
This research is done with the aim of recognizing internal and external factors which are influential on exporting sportive commodities and the expansion of this export activity. From methodological point of view, this research is practical and descriptive-measureable. In qualitative method, profound interviews and in quantitative method a quantitative-reading based questionnaire is used. Statistical society of this research include the elites of sport economy. To choose a sample volume in qualitative interviews, we used the method of theoretical sampling. Due to uncertainty of the society’s volume, 384 people are picked up purposefully and by random. Analyzing the results is done by P.L.S software using structural equations. The results demonstrate that internal and external factors are influential on exporting sportive commodities with 0.526 and 0.407 impression ratios respectively. These results confirm that this structural model is adequate. On the whole and considering the findings of the research, internal influential factors on expanding the export of sportive commodities include: recognizing and reinforcement of internal factors via financial support, theoretical and technical backing, innovation in presenting services and communications, possessing strategy and external influential factors include assembling intense substructures for exporting goods, establishing commercial and political links and strategic alliance with other countries which could be influential on the export of sportive commodities.
Dr Hadi Bagheri, Ms Shariat Zare, Dr Hosein Alimohammadi,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify strategies attracting sponsors for Iranian women's football league. This study conducted in Delphi technique. First, strategies attractiing sponsors were listed in four categories: legislation, media broadcasting, federation/ league organization programs, and club programs. Then, the experts' opinions on these strategies were collected in three times. The research population consisted of two groups: 1) academic experts; 2) coaches and supervisors of the women's football teams in Pro league. 21 persons were selected as Delphi panel by judgment sampling. Delphi panel reached a consensus on 25 proposed strategies. "Games broadcasting; popular sports TV programs’ focus; and license for launching private TV” had the most and "governmentalized women's teams" had the least agreement. Media strategies, club activities, federation/league organization activities, and legislative decisions were prioritized, respectively. According to the results, the most important strategies were related to the media, which shows that sponsors were associated with women's football because of more public exposure and wider or more loyal target community. Therefore, with the social and religious sensitivities about women, resolving media challenges requires negotiation with socially and politically influential groups. Also, the performance of clubs should be improved to increase the league's commercial value and attractiveness.
Samaneh Saeidpour, Najaf Aghaei,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of mediator of competitive advantage and organizational reputation in the causal relationship between social responsibility and Team performance of Persepolis Club. The research method is descriptive-survey in terms of purpose and applied with a structural equation approach.The statistical population included all Persepolis fans and the sample size according to Morgan table was 384 people (randomly).The Ressler's Club Reputation Questionnaire (2010), Hosseini's Competitive Advantage (2011), Galbrith Social Responsibility (2010), Glenn Team Performance (2003), Hosseini (2016), Cooper and Satter (2011) were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics with SEM approach were used to analyze the data; The results were analyzed using SPSS22 and Smart PLS3 software. It was found that social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on team performance, competitive advantage and organizational reputation. The direct and significant effect of reputation on team performance and the mediating role of reputation was minor confirmed. However, the effect of competitive advantage on team performance and the mediating role of competitive advantage was not confirmed. It is suggested that Persepolis, by performing social responsibilities in economic, ethical, legal and humanitarian dimensions, promote the reputation, competitive advantage and team performance of the club.
Syed Hojat Zamani Sani, Vahid Hasanpour, Zahra Fathi Rezaei, Amir Ghiamirad,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as a developmental neurological condition, has increased in recent years. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-motor exercises on the improvement of some large and delicate motor skills of children with autism based on Gentile's Two-Stage Model. In the present Semi-experimental study, one of the rehabilitation centers under the supervision of Tehran Welfare Organization was selected as via the convenience sampling method and 20 children aged 6-10 years with autism were randomly divided into two homogeneous experimental and control groups. The subjects in the experimental group participated in a six-week training protocol (three sessions per week). Each session was made up of 60 minutes of cognitive-motor exercises based on Gentile’s model. Bruininks-Oseretsky subtests of motor proficiency were employed for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA. The results indicated that after cognitive-motor training, running and agility skills, static and dynamic balance, upper limb coordination and response speed in the experimental group increased significantly (p<0.05). As the findings showed, cognitive-motor exercises designed as a useful method can be used to rehabilitate the fine and gross motor skills of children with autism.
Mr Javad Shahvali Kohshouri, Dr Ahmadreza Askari, Dr Rasool Nazari, Dr Amirreza Naghsh,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Promoting physical activities at schools not only encourage students to do sport along their lifetime but also lead to a better physical and mental health among them. Therefore, the aim of this study is first to predict the future of sport among Iranian students, then, to develop its scenarios for the next 15 years and finally to make a strategy. In this study, the scenario-based approach, which is based on an intuitive logic one, was applied and the method of trends and uncertainty analysis as well as a six-step integrated scenario planning were used. The participants of this study were 38 internal and external stakeholders of Iranian student sport selected by purposeful sampling. The data were collected by interviews and open-ended questionnaires. According to the findings, the analysis of the 30 key factors resulted in two key uncertainties: "regional planning and resource abundance" and "adaptive legislation on the principle of cultural difference" which form the basis of the four main student sport scenarios. As a result, to develop Iranian student sport, it is recommended to make a comprehensive planning based on local ecological issues for each region.
Reza Khorshidi, Dr Alireza Elahi, Dr Farideh Hadavi,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
This study was done to predict Consumption Behavior of spectators including tendency to Attend Again and purchasing marked merchandises. So, using correlation method, presented spectators in Azadi Stadium are chosen as statistical population. 696 people were chosen randomly and fill Alimohammadi's questionnaire of factors affecting presence and Kim's questionnaire of spectators' Consumption Behavior. Results from multi-regression analyze show that excitement, attendance & support, interaction & escape and information & attractiveness components have ability to prediction tendency to spectators of Esteghlal and Perspollis Attend Again and attendance and support components have ability to prediction purchasing marked merchandises. Attendance and support components have the most influence and interaction and escape have the least effect on spectators' tendency to Attend Again. According to these results, it can be suggested to managers of this clubs to more activate fan clubs, increase matches excitements and improve knowledge of spectators.
Najmeh Parhizmeymandi, Majid Chahardahcheric, Robabeh Rostami,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of voluntary and forced exercise and off-line periods on consolidation of implicit motor memory. This study was a quasi-experimental method and the statistical population consisted of girl students of Shiraz University. So 30 non-athlete girl students with mental health, and without neural disease background or sleep disorders were voluntarily participated in the study. After determining the memory function, they were divided into 3 experimental groups with 6, 24 and 48 hours off-line periods. The research consisted of 2 stages and each stage included of acquisition, physical exercises (first stage voluntary and the second one forced) and retention (memory test) sessions. The intermittent chain reaction time assignment was used to measure motor memory changes. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measure, with the significant level of p≤0.05, was used to answer the questions of research. The results showed that each of the 3 off-line periods had positive effects on consolidation of implicit motor memory, but there were no significant difference among them. The effect of voluntary and forced exercise on implicit motor memory consolidation, showed a significant difference in favor of voluntary exercise.
Dr Bijan Rajaeian, Dr Rasoul Yaali, Mrs Sara Oftadeh, Ali Shah Hoseini, Shabnam Rezvan Nobahar,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Researchers have shown that visual motor skills can be improved by practicing visual skills for optimal motor performance during sport. The aim of this research was to study the effect of 6 visual training on vision functions skilled players in Badminton sport. The participants of this research were skilled badminton players from Esfahan province. 60 persons (range of age: of 25-30) were divided into two group: experimental group and control group randomly. After the presence of the two groups in pre-test, the experimental group participated in visual training and control group in watching badminton match movie, both for six weeks and three sessions per week and in the last session, both groups participated in post-test. These tests included close-far chart test (hart chart), two rows Saccades test, and test of bringing closes a pencil (prism test), coordination of eye-hand test, and the time of vision reaction test. The data was analyzed by ANCOVA analyses test (p≤0.05).The results indicated that in some visual function (included Visual reaction time, Tracking and Visual concentration in experimental group was better than control group.
Dr Shahram Nazari, Mr Mohammad Reza Soleymanzadeh, Mr Peyman Honarmand,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of sport vision training on vision perception and decision making of handball referees. In this semi-experimental study, 30 handball referees were Participated among all the referees working in the Iranian Handball Premier League, then the selected referees divided into 2 sport vision training and control groups, randomly. The study included pre-test and post-test phases. Subsequently, participants completed Frastig vision perception test and made decisions after watching 30 prepared clips in pre-test phase. Afterwards, participants completed performing 8 weeks of determined sport vision training, each week included 3 sessions and each session lasted 45 minutes. Henceforth, the participants re-performed Frastig vision perception test and repeated decision making process after watching 30 determined clips. Finally, the collected data were analyzed by paired sample t-test and covariate statistical methods. The results indicated that sport vision training and decision making training significantly affected vision perception and decision making of handball referees. Therefore, the results suggest the utilization of vision perception and decision making training as an effective method in order to improve decision making and vision perception.
Dr Hajar Jahadian Sarvestani,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the Modeling dynamic factors affecting fine motor development milestone of 9- 12 month old infants. The study was a descriptive- survey, that considering the type and aims of the research was considered as an applied research. To this end 283 infants were screened in regard with age and stage questionnaire. The applied measures were preparation of the home environment for the infant motor development, the parental postpartum attachment scale, Beak habitual physical activity questionnaire and General health questionnaire. Factors affecting motor activities were grouped into three sections including Individual, Environmental and Mother Factors. The related data were analyzed by independent T, MANOA, step by step regression and structural equation. The results of structural equation indicated that individual factors (0.99) has the most important effect on anticipation fine motor development (sleep position and season of birth were associated with fine motor development), after that environmental factor (-0.28) and finally mother factor (-0.09) has effects on anticipation fine milestone in 9-12 month old infants, Results of the regression showed that considering individual factors, motivation is significant and in regard with environmental factors, affordance is significant in anticipation of fine motor development milestone in 9-12 month old infants. Results of the present study were concentrated on Branfen bernner model.
Mrs Sara Soltanifar, Ph.d Rasool Abedanzadeh, Ph.d Esmaeel Saemi,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
People face breaks in their daily tasks that effect on their daily life. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of different break activities on eye-hand coordination in female students. In the current experimental study conducted with repeated measures design, 36 high school female students with age range 13-15 years old were conveniently selected. In order to evaluate participant's mental activities prior, the main task, daily distraction of them was assessed using a mind wandering questionnaire and visual analogue scale and measuring eye-hand coordination was done by mirror tracking task. Data were analyzed by SPSS software at significant level P≤0/05. The results showed there was significant difference in eye-hand coordination task after break activities (P<0/05). Pairwise comparisons showed a significant difference in the mirror tracking task performance after music-open eye rest and music-active video game break which showed eye-hand coordination after music was better than other breaks. Present findings show that different breaks have different effect on eye-hand coordination performance in female students and listen to music is the best break activity for them on this task.
Mr Shahoo Zamanidadaneh, Dr Mohamma Reza Esmaili, Dr Ali Zarei,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Nowadays, social responsibility is not limited to specific organization, and clubs and sports teams have included various forms of social responsibility in their goals and are involved in their implementation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of club social responsibility on the supportive behavior of the brand of football fans with the mediating role of attitude: The moderator role was empathy. The method of the present study was descriptive-survey and was applied studies according to the purpose. In the present study, Persepolis Club as the study club and the statistical population of the present study consisted of all fans of Persepolis Club.360 people were selected as the research sample and the available sampling method was used. Galbraith (2010) questionnaire was used to evaluate social responsibility, Zhi et al. (2019) questionnaire was used to support brand behaviors, and Zhi et al. (2019) questionnaire was used to measure attitude and empathy variables.To review and analyze of the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used using the construction equation model, which used SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 3.2.9 software for experiments and analysis. The results showed that social responsibility had an effect on brand support behaviors and fan attitudes, also,the attitude of the fans on the supportive behaviors of the brand was influential and the mediating role of the fans' attitude regarding the impact of social responsibility on the supportive behaviors was confirmed. Finally, empathy plays a moderating role between the impacts of club social responsibility on fan supportive behaviors.
Mr Reza Heydari, Dr Ehsan Asadollahi,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
The spread of coronavirus in the world has had various effects on industries, especially the sports industry. The purpose of this study was to explain and classify the effects of coronavirus outbreak on the dimensions of the sports industry. The present study was applied in nature, mixed in terms of data retrieval and descriptive-exploratory in terms of data analysis method that data collection was done in the field. The statistical population in the qualitative section included sports experts, 18 people were purposefully selected, and the statistical population in the quantitative section included all activists in the field of sports and sports industry, of which 600 samples were selected by simple random sampling. Data collection in the qualitative part was done by the systematic method of data theory and in the quantitative part, using a researcher-made questionnaire obtained from the qualitative part of the present study with 55 items in 5-point Likert scale. Research data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods with the help of SPSS24 and Amos statistical software. The results showed that the outbreak of coronavirus had a role in the production and distribution sectors, private and public sectors, sports education and research, trade, events and competitions, technology, services and economics of the sports industry. This finding can help the country's sports managers and officials to improve the situation of the sports industry in the post-Corona era.
Miss Firishtah Aghajani, Dr Vajiheh Javani,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
The outbreak of the corona virus has had a significant impact on the economic situation of sport, and professional football has not been immune to these effects. This article discusses the main effects of this crisis on professional football. To conduct this research, 32 research articles published in 2020 in the list of authoritative publications of the Ministry of Science and Google Scholar database related to the research topic were reviewed. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The results of this analysis indicate 13 categories of effects of this virus in football. These effects were collected in two main categories. The first category includes the negative effects of corona on football, including the effects of corona on players, referees, the right to television broadcasting of clubs and football clubs, and the importance of fans and the impact of empty stadiums on club economies and corona financial losses on football. The next category is the positive effects of the corona virus in football, which also includes the readiness of the clubs, the positive effects of the corona virus on the referees, the environment, the low probability of harm to spectators, innovation, increasing solidarity and entrepreneurship. The study also briefly discusses the effects of the Corona virus on Iranian football.
Hossein Kargar, Dr Hossein Akbari Yazdi,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Organizations without strategy are like a ships without a compass. The purpose of this study was to Codification a mission statement and strategies developtnem of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Kharazmi University in Horizon 1404. Statistical research samples were 15 persons that included the administrators, active and Physical Education experts who were aware of the situation of the Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty and active sport coaches of Kharazmi University. The Research method was descriptive analytical, based on Brayson Strategic model, For data gathering, questionnaire, benchmarking, intervie and literature review were used and based on that, the Mission Statement, Vision, Values, Main Goals and SWOT setted, after that these elements were confirmed through Strategic group. After identifying SWOT, were used the descriptive Matrix (such as IFE, EFE, SWOT analysis and QSPM). Due to internal and external matrix, the strategic position of the faculty, was conservative in WO and then (A total of 14 strategies) were identified. These strategies were prioritized by using a Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) and then Due to internal and external matrix (IE), strategic positioning School (in conservative WO) was used. To maintain an environment can benefit from opportunities to reduce internal weaknesses programmed.
