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In this investigation the authors presented an attentional demand explanation for the choking under pressure occurred in sport skills. For this porpouse, attentional demands in tennis serve performance was compared under low and high pressure conditions by using dual task paradigm. Twenty tennis players served as participants and performed sixty serves as primary task in low and high (competition) conditions. Secondary task was to respond an auditory stimuli that presented during tennis serve in four probe positions. The results showed that on one hand, the pressure condition deteriorated tennis serves performance and on the other hand, it caused an increment in level of attentional resources and changeed pattern of attentinal demands. The results indicated that skillful athletes allocated more attention to their performance and more focusing to some positions of the skill under pressure condition compared to normal condition. It suggested that such attention demands changes can cause choking in sport. The results provide objective and stronge support for the predictions of self-focus theories proposed for choking in sports.

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The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between perfectionism and competitive anxiety in Women's national karate team. Methodology: This is descriptive and correlational study in which 30 women from national karate team (adults and younger adults) formed the whole statistical population Completed the Martens Competitive state and competitive trait anxiety questionnaire and also completed the Dunn and colleagues’Sports perfectionism questionnaire. The findings of the research were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean & standard deviation), Pearson correlation coefficient and Stepwise regression analyses. Results: Results from Pearson correlation coefficient indicated negative correlation between perfectionism sport and self-confidence, and a positive correlation with trait anxiety. Stepwise regression analysis results indicated that perfectionism is generally the strongest predictor of trait anxiety. Also, perceived pressure from the coach predictor of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence, and concern over mistakes and personal standards are predictors of somatic anxiety. Conclusions: moderating Perfectionism helps the athlete to be less affected by competitive anxiety, increases her self-confidence and thus, the probability of success increases.

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The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the level of anxiety experienced by Iranian football referees, and to predict the level of referees’ competitive anxiety according to their self-consciousness and coping styles. One hundred thirteen male football referees voluntarily completed a demographic questionnaire, Self-Consciousness Scale (SCS; Fenigstein, Scheier, & Buss, 1975), and referring-modified versions of the Sports Competitive Anxiety Test (SCAT; Martens, Vealey, & Burton, 1990) and the Coping Style Inventory for Athletes (CSIA; Anshel & Kaissidis, 1997). Results indicated that the referees tolerated low levels of anxiety in a contest (14.19 ± 3.54). It has revealed that in the face of a stressful event, strategies of avoidance rather than approach are usually used by the referees. The results showed that avoidance coping style and private, public, and social self-consciousness are significantly correlated with the referees’ competitive anxiety. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the best predictors of referees’ anxiety were private self-consciousness and avoidance coping style that together accounted for 25% of the explained variance. Results indicate that the competitive anxiety of referees may affect by their self-conscious and coping styles in competitive settings.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of selected psychological interventions on reducing the competitive State anxiety of athletes of Kermanshah .Current study was semi- experimental with pre-test and post-test and random replacement.90 people were selected by accessible sampling in two experimental and control groups. The educational package was performed through 12 ninety-minutes sessions on the experimental group. Information collecting tool was Competitive State Anxiety Inventory. statistical analysis was descriptive statistics and analysis of mancova whit using SPSS 22 program.Covariance showed that psychological interventions has reduced competitive State anxiety of experimental group athletes(p<0/000,cognitive state anxiety f=195/353 ,p<0/000,somatic state anxiety f=31/940 ,p<0/000,self steem f=128/740). In all, performance of psychological interventions is effective on reducing competitive state anxiety in athletes.