1. Andrianou XD, Pronk A, Galea KS, Stierum R, Loh M, Riccardo F, et al. 2020. EXposome based public health interventions for infectious diseases in urban settings. Environment International, 146:106246.
2. Auger KA, Shah SS, Richardson T, Hartley D, Hall M, Warniment A, et al. 2020. Association between statewide school closure and COVID-19 incidence and mortality in the US. JAMA. 324(9): 859–870.
3. Bolashikov ZD, MelikovAK. 2009. Methods for air cleaning and protection of building occupants from airborne pathogens. Building and Environment, 44(7): 1378–1385.
4. Brown KA, Jones A, Daneman N, Chan AK, Schwartz KL, Garber GE, et al. 2020. Association between nursing home crowding and COVID-19 infection and mortality in Ontario, Canada. Preprint at medRXiv. 181(2):229-236.
5. Chan JFW, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KKW, Chu H, Yang J, et al. 2020.A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet, 395 (10223): 514–523.
6. covid19.who.int [Internet]. World Health Organization (WHO); c2024 [Cited 2024, 20 April]. Available from: https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases?n=c
7. Dietz L, Horve PF, Coil DA, Fretz M, Eisen JA, Van Den Wymelenberg K. 2020. 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: Built environment considerations to reduce transmission. Msystems, 5(2).
8. European Commission. 2020. COVID-19: Guidelines on the progressive restoration of transport services and connectivity. Brussels, Belgium: European Commission.
9. Eykelbosh A. 2020. Physical barriers for COVID-19 infection prevention and control in commercial settings [blog]. Vancouver, BC: National Collaborating Center for Environmental Health. available at: https://ncceh.ca/content/blog/physical- barriers-covid-19-infection-prevention-and- control-commercial-settings. (Accessed 13 May 2020).
10. Forbes. Why COVID-19 raises the stakes for healthy buildings (Accessed July 20, 2020) https://www.forbes.com/sites/hbsworkingknowledge/2020/06/08/why-covid-19-raises-the-stakes-for-healthy-buildings/#1babce5324cd.
11. Friedmann J, Wolff G. 1982. World city formation: An agenda for research and action. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 6(3): 309–344.
12. Gan N, Thomas N, Culver D. 2020. CNN. Over 1,700 frontline medics infected with coronavirus in China, presenting new crisis for the government. available at: https://editi on.cnn.com/2020/02/13/asia/coronavirus-health-care-workers-infected-intl-hnk/i ndex.html. (Accessed 24 February 2020).
13. Hamidi S, Ewing R, Sabouri S. 2020a. Longitudinal analyses of the relationship between development density and the COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates: Early evidence from 1,165 metropolitan counties in the U.S. Health & Place, 64: 102378.
14. Hamidi S, Sabouri S, Ewing R. 2020b. Does density aggravate the COVID-19 pandemic? Early findings and lessons for planners. Journal of the American Planning Association. 86:1–15.
15. Henson R, Kyle R. 2006. Use of exploratory factor analysis in published research. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 66(3):393-416.
16. Howard, MC.2016. A Review of Exploratory Factor Analysis Decisions and Overview of Current Practices: What We Are Doing and How Can We Improve? International Journal of Human Computer Interaction. 32(1): 51–62.
17. Hui DS, Azhar EI, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, et al.2020. The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health—the latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China, Int. J. Infect. Dis. 91: 264–266.
18. Kang DW, Kim M, Cho D, Lee S. 2010. The effects of urban development pressure on agricultural land price: Application of a miXed GWR model. Journal of Rural Development.33(4): 63–83.
19. Lee VJ, Ho M, Kai CW, Aguilera X, Heymann D, Wilder-Smith A. 2020. Epidemic preparedness in urban settings: new challenges and opportunities. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5): 527–529.
20. Mathers, B. M., Degenhardt, L., Phillips, B., Wiessing, L., Hickman, M., Strathdee, S. A.,et al. 2008. Global epidemiology of injecting drug use and HIV among people who inject drugs: a systematic review. Lancet, 372, 1733–1745.
21. Morello E, RattiC. 2009. A digital image of the city: 3D isovists in Lynch’s urban analysis. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. 36(5): 837–853.
22. Moudon AV, Lee C. 2003. Walking and bicycling: An evaluation of environmental audit instruments. American Journal of Health Promotion. 18(1): 21–37.
23. Neal T. COVID-19 and the built environment, Colin, Biggers and Paisley Lawyers. [(Accessed on 30 April 2020)]; Available online: https://www.cbp.com.au/insigh ts/insights/2020/march/covid-19-and-the-built-environment.
24. Nguyen QC, Huang Y, Kumar A, Duan H, Keralis JM, Dwivedi P, et al. 2020. Using 164 million Google Street View images to derive built environment predictors of COVID-19 cases. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17: 6359.
25. Perdue W C, Stone LA, Gostin LO. 2003. The built environment and its relationship to the public’s health: The legal framework. American Journal of Public Health, 93(9): 1390–1394.
26. Raj VAA, Velraj R, Haghighat F. 2020. The contribution of dry indoor built environment on the spread of Coronavirus: Data from various Indian states.Sustainable Cities and Society. 62:102371.
27. Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. 2020. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity. 109: 102433.
28. Saadat S, Rawtani D, Hussain C. 2020. Environmental perspective of COVID-19.The Science of the Total Environment. 728: 138870.
29. Saarloos D, Kim J E, Timmermans H. 2009. The built environment and health: Introducing individual space-time behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 6(6):1724–1743.
30. steiger J H. 2017. Exploratory Factor Analysis with R. accessible from:http://www.statpower.net/Content/312/R%20Stuff/Exploratory%20Factor%20Analysis%20with%20R.pdf, 1-10
31. Tabachnick B, Fidell L. 2012.Using multivariate statistics, (6th Edition) Pearson Education, Inc.
32. The Harvard Gazette. A five-layered defense for workplace reopening (Accessed July 20, a 2020)https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/04/looking-at-covid-19-through-healthy-building-eyes/.
33. The Harvard Gazette. Healthy buildings expert outlines recommendations for school reopening (Accessed July 20, b 2020) 0/06/harvard-expert-outlines-recommendations-for-school-reopenings/.
34. UNISDR. (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). 2005. Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters: Hyogo Framework for Action 2015–2030. UNISDR [Online]. Available from www.unisdr.org/wcdr/intergover/official-doc/Ldocs/Hyogo-framework-for-action-english.pdf.
35. Wild CP. 2005. Complementing the genome with an “exposome”: The outstanding challenge of environmental exposure measurement in molecular epidemiology.Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 14(8): 1847–1850.
36. Yashima K, Sasaki A. 2014. Epidemic process over the commute network in a metropolitan area. PloS One. 9(6):98518.
37. Yip TL, Huang Y, Liang C. 2021. Built environment and the metropolitan pandemic: Analysis of the COVID-19 spread in Hong Kong, Building and Environment. 188:107471.
38. روابط عمومی سازمان مدیریت و برنامهریزی استان آذربایجانشرقی. 1396. گزارش عملکرد سازمان مدیریت و برنامهریزی استان آذربایجان شرقی در سال 1396: به همراه برنامه عملیاتی سال .1397. سازمان مدیریت و برنامه ریزی استان آذربایجان شرقی. تبریز.
39. زبردست، اسفندیار. 1396. برنامهریزی مسکن در سطح محلی، معاونت مسکن و ساختمان. وزارت راه و شهرسازی، تهران.
40. Andrianou XD, Pronk A, Galea KS, Stierum R, Loh M, Riccardo F, et al. 2020. EXposome based public health interventions for infectious diseases in urban settings. Environment International, 146:106246.
41. Auger KA, Shah SS, Richardson T, Hartley D, Hall M, Warniment A, et al. 2020. Association between statewide school closure and COVID-19 incidence and mortality in the US. JAMA. 324(9): 859–870.
42. Bolashikov ZD, MelikovAK. 2009. Methods for air cleaning and protection of building occupants from airborne pathogens. Building and Environment, 44(7): 1378–1385.
43. Brown KA, Jones A, Daneman N, Chan AK, Schwartz KL, Garber GE, et al. 2020. Association between nursing home crowding and COVID-19 infection and mortality in Ontario, Canada. Preprint at medRXiv. 181(2):229-236.
44. Chan JFW, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KKW, Chu H, Yang J, et al. 2020.A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet, 395 (10223): 514–523.
45. covid19.who.int [Internet]. World Health Organization (WHO); c2024 [Cited 2024, 20 April]. Available from: https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases?n=c
46. Dietz L, Horve PF, Coil DA, Fretz M, Eisen JA, Van Den Wymelenberg K. 2020. 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: Built environment considerations to reduce transmission. Msystems, 5(2).
47. European Commission. 2020. COVID-19: Guidelines on the progressive restoration of transport services and connectivity. Brussels, Belgium: European Commission.
48. Eykelbosh A. 2020. Physical barriers for COVID-19 infection prevention and control in commercial settings [blog]. Vancouver, BC: National Collaborating Center for Environmental Health. available at: https://ncceh.ca/content/blog/physical- barriers-covid-19-infection-prevention-and- control-commercial-settings. (Accessed 13 May 2020).
49. Forbes. Why COVID-19 raises the stakes for healthy buildings (Accessed July 20, 2020) https://www.forbes.com/sites/hbsworkingknowledge/2020/06/08/why-covid-19-raises-the-stakes-for-healthy-buildings/#1babce5324cd.
50. Friedmann J, Wolff G. 1982. World city formation: An agenda for research and action. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 6(3): 309–344.
51. Gan N, Thomas N, Culver D. 2020. CNN. Over 1,700 frontline medics infected with coronavirus in China, presenting new crisis for the government. available at: https://editi on.cnn.com/2020/02/13/asia/coronavirus-health-care-workers-infected-intl-hnk/i ndex.html. (Accessed 24 February 2020).
52. Hamidi S, Ewing R, Sabouri S. 2020a. Longitudinal analyses of the relationship between development density and the COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates: Early evidence from 1,165 metropolitan counties in the U.S. Health & Place, 64: 102378.
53. Hamidi S, Sabouri S, Ewing R. 2020b. Does density aggravate the COVID-19 pandemic? Early findings and lessons for planners. Journal of the American Planning Association. 86:1–15.
54. Henson R, Kyle R. 2006. Use of exploratory factor analysis in published research. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 66(3):393-416.
55. Howard, MC.2016. A Review of Exploratory Factor Analysis Decisions and Overview of Current Practices: What We Are Doing and How Can We Improve? International Journal of Human Computer Interaction. 32(1): 51–62.
56. Hui DS, Azhar EI, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, et al.2020. The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health—the latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China, Int. J. Infect. Dis. 91: 264–266.
57. Kang DW, Kim M, Cho D, Lee S. 2010. The effects of urban development pressure on agricultural land price: Application of a miXed GWR model. Journal of Rural Development.33(4): 63–83.
58. Lee VJ, Ho M, Kai CW, Aguilera X, Heymann D, Wilder-Smith A. 2020. Epidemic preparedness in urban settings: new challenges and opportunities. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5): 527–529.
59. Mathers, B. M., Degenhardt, L., Phillips, B., Wiessing, L., Hickman, M., Strathdee, S. A.,et al. 2008. Global epidemiology of injecting drug use and HIV among people who inject drugs: a systematic review. Lancet, 372, 1733–1745.
60. Morello E, RattiC. 2009. A digital image of the city: 3D isovists in Lynch’s urban analysis. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. 36(5): 837–853.
61. Moudon AV, Lee C. 2003. Walking and bicycling: An evaluation of environmental audit instruments. American Journal of Health Promotion. 18(1): 21–37.
62. Neal T. COVID-19 and the built environment, Colin, Biggers and Paisley Lawyers. [(Accessed on 30 April 2020)]; Available online: https://www.cbp.com.au/insigh ts/insights/2020/march/covid-19-and-the-built-environment.
63. Nguyen QC, Huang Y, Kumar A, Duan H, Keralis JM, Dwivedi P, et al. 2020. Using 164 million Google Street View images to derive built environment predictors of COVID-19 cases. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17: 6359.
64. Perdue W C, Stone LA, Gostin LO. 2003. The built environment and its relationship to the public’s health: The legal framework. American Journal of Public Health, 93(9): 1390–1394.
65. Raj VAA, Velraj R, Haghighat F. 2020. The contribution of dry indoor built environment on the spread of Coronavirus: Data from various Indian states.Sustainable Cities and Society. 62:102371.
66. Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. 2020. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity. 109: 102433.
67. Saadat S, Rawtani D, Hussain C. 2020. Environmental perspective of COVID-19.The Science of the Total Environment. 728: 138870.
68. Saarloos D, Kim J E, Timmermans H. 2009. The built environment and health: Introducing individual space-time behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 6(6):1724–1743.
69. steiger J H. 2017. Exploratory Factor Analysis with R. accessible from:http://www.statpower.net/Content/312/R%20Stuff/Exploratory%20Factor%20Analysis%20with%20R.pdf, 1-10
70. Tabachnick B, Fidell L. 2012.Using multivariate statistics, (6th Edition) Pearson Education, Inc.
71. The Harvard Gazette. A five-layered defense for workplace reopening (Accessed July 20, a 2020)https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/04/looking-at-covid-19-through-healthy-building-eyes/.
72. The Harvard Gazette. Healthy buildings expert outlines recommendations for school reopening (Accessed July 20, b 2020) 0/06/harvard-expert-outlines-recommendations-for-school-reopenings/.
73. UNISDR. (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). 2005. Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters: Hyogo Framework for Action 2015–2030. UNISDR [Online]. Available from www.unisdr.org/wcdr/intergover/official-doc/Ldocs/Hyogo-framework-for-action-english.pdf.
74. Wild CP. 2005. Complementing the genome with an “exposome”: The outstanding challenge of environmental exposure measurement in molecular epidemiology.Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 14(8): 1847–1850.
75. Yashima K, Sasaki A. 2014. Epidemic process over the commute network in a metropolitan area. PloS One. 9(6):98518.
76. Yip TL, Huang Y, Liang C. 2021. Built environment and the metropolitan pandemic: Analysis of the COVID-19 spread in Hong Kong, Building and Environment. 188:107471.