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Manijeh Ahmadi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Volume 4, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract
In the recent years there has been attention on the management of dangerous wastes because of their incremental growth, since ignorance toward this problem will result in numerous environmental, social and economical problems. Finding an optimized place for the urban and rural waste burial, with least environmental danger and economical optimality is one of the main objectives of this paper. In the presented study, the research method and the type of practical research is description-analysis and for data gathering, we used the library and athletic studies. The data analysis has been done by a scoring method (5-0) and the web analysis method which is a multi-objective decision-making method. Since in the ANP method the qualitative and quantitative factors and the correlation of the factors have been taken into account, we used social, economical and environmental factors for evaluation of the waste burial centers and their impacts on the towns and villages of the Zanjan province. The process of evaluation of the optimal waste burial centers is done in some stages including preparation of distance maps, prioritizing from the importance point of view using the geographical information system technologies (GIS), determination of the weights and at last, merging the resulted maps using the ANP method. The research results show that the prioritized regions in the map are based on the waste burial places. Based on this method, the 5th priority in the maps and especially in the final map shows the most suitable place and the 1th priority shows the least value and the 0 priority has no value for the waste burial places.
Manijeh Ahmadi, Mohsen Kalantari, Mostafa Mohammadi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
Introductions
Today, various social ills such as addiction, cultural issues and problems have been added to the issues raised in the past and require extensive studies and planning in this area to preserve the small human capital of rural settlements and be used for sustainable rural development. The present study has spatially analyzed the effective factors for drug addiction and abuse. Today, various social ills such as addiction, cultural issues and problems have been added to the issues raised in the past and require extensive studies and planning in this area to preserve the small human capital of rural settlements and be used for sustainable rural development. In recent years, drug abuse has increased worldwide, so that now all countries in the world are incurring significant costs as a result of the damage caused by this phenomenon. Drug abuse has incurred enormous social and economic costs through its devastating effects on human health and the increase in crime and mortality in society, and as a result has become a major threat to societies. There is no specific agreement on the root causes of drug abuse, so that the factors associated with it are numerous and varied, including individual contexts, family characteristics, and social and environmental factors. The present study has spatially analyzed the effective factors for drug addiction and abuse.
Research Method
The type of research is applied and the nature of the research is descriptive-analytical. Independent variables in this study are physical and demographic factors in the study village. The dependent variable of this study is the situation of addiction and drug abuse in Dizajabad village. The validity of the research indicators was reviewed and modified by the professors and the reliability value was calculated based on Cronbach's alpha of 0.784. The statistical population of the present study is villages at risk of addiction and drug abuse. This village was identified through interviews with law enforcement experts and statistics available in this organization as well as unofficial statistics. The number of these villages includes four villages (Sayan (Mahdieh town), Dizajabad, NoghtehBandi and Choreh Nab) which were selected as a sample village using the lottery method of Dizajabad village. The study population in Dizajabad village includes people who are addicted to drugs and abuse in Dizajabad village, which have been collected through irregular interviews, as well as for comparison and assessment between addicts and other people. The questionnaire was completed in all residential units where people lived and the Cochran's formula was used for accurate sampling.
The baseline map was used to perform the analyzes. Using Cochran's formula, 115 residential units belonging to people with addiction and drug abuse were selected as a sample. In order to analyze descriptive data from Excel software and also for correlation between physical characteristics, population of people with addiction and drug abuse, Spss software and Human Whitney and two-group T tests were used in Arc Gis / Arc map environment. Hot Spot Analysis, kernel density estimation and standard deviation ellipse tests were used.
Interpretation of results
Findings show that the spatial distribution of addiction and drug abuse in Dizajabad village is not evenly distributed and are mostly concentrated in the northwest and southeast, which are in these two areas due to the high density of residential units. . According to the tests of hot spots of addiction and according to the studied items, the two southeastern and northwestern parts of the village have hot spots and the standard deviation ellipse in this map indicates that its direction is northwest, southeast. This direction is influenced by the shape of the village. The pattern of drug distribution in the village also indicates that it is concentrated in two parts, northwest and southeast. The median center indicates that the southern and to some extent the southeastern part are more addicted than the other parts. The reason for the increase in the points of addiction and abuse in the two mentioned parts is the density of the residential unit and the existence of a network of winding and unbalanced passages, especially in the southeastern part. Centers of addiction and drug abuse by kernel density estimation method show that the two parts of the northwest and southeast of the village are more affected by drug addiction and abuse.
Keywords: Spatial distribution, Drugs, Addiction, Suburban villages, Zanjan Township
Sediqeh Mozaffari Qarah Bolagh, Brhrooz Mozaffari Qarah Bolagh, Mehdi Cheraghi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Volume 10, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
Providing food to achieve food security is considered one of the important goals of development in all countries, reducing food insecurity is considered an important political and social achievement for governments. One of the effects of food insecurity in rural areas is the number of patients and deaths caused by the corona epidemic. In this regard, the current research seeks to answer the following questions: What is the level of food insecurity in the studied villages? And what effect does food insecurity have on the spatial distribution of corona patients and deaths? The type of research is applied and descriptive-analytical in nature. The statistical population of this research is all the villages in the central part of Zanjan city, which were surveyed in full. The method of collecting information is in the form of a library and the method of data analysis is in the form of descriptive statistics and spatial analysis. The findings of the research show that the average food insecurity of the studied villages is equal to 36.08%, the highest level of food insecurity is related to Taham district with 40.76% and the lowest level of food insecurity is related to Mirizat district. In order to analyze the effects of food insecurity on the mortality caused by Corona, geographic weighted regression has been used, based on the results obtained from this spatial analysis tool, the width is equal to 0.172, the remaining squares are equal to 2836, the effective number is equal to 16.86, Sigma is equal to 5.64 and the coefficient of determination, which measures the degree of linear relationship between two variables, has been calculated as equal to 0.72, so it can be said that with the increase in food insecurity, the death rate due to Corona will also increase.
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