Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی
Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
Literature & Humanities
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir
1
admin
2423-7892
2588-5146
10.61186/jsaeh
fa
jalali
1393
7
1
gregorian
2014
10
1
1
3
online
1
fulltext
fa
ارزیابی آسیبپذیری سواحل نسبت به بالا آمدن تراز آب دریا در شهرستان بابلسر
Assessment of Coastal Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise in Babolsar ownship
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:nasimyw;"><strong>چکیده</strong></span></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:nasimyw;"><strong>پژوهش دربارهی سوانح بزرگ طبیعی و سوانح ناشی از فناوریها به موضوعی مهم در جغرافیا و کاربرد آن تبدیل شده است. امکان تحلیل پیچیدگی مسئله در رویکرد سیستمی و در نگاه جامعگرای به جغرافیای نظری و کاربردی و جامع بودن جغرافیای طبیعی و انسانی محقق است. با توجه به اینکه نوسانات سطح آب دریای خزر از جمله در منطقهی ساحلی بابلسر حتی در مقیاس دههای بسیار سریع اتفاق میافتد، رعایت عنصر ایمنی در سایهی مدیریت یکپارچه ساحلی با تعیین حریم دریا در این سواحل امکانپذیر خواهد بود که جغرافیا و، بهویژه، ژئومورفولوژی یکی از ارکان اصلی در این نوع از مدیریت سواحل است. تعیین حریم نوسانات تراز آب دریا، که باعث تغییرات مورفولوژیکی در سطح زمین و وارد آمدن خساراتی به تأسیسات انسانی می­شود، ضرورت اجرای این پژوهش را در قالب بررسی نقش شاخصهای ژئومورفولوژیکی در ساخت و ساز منطقه ساحلی شهرستان بابلسر بهخوبی روشن میسازد. در این پژوهش، از شاخص آسیبپذیری سواحل (</strong><strong><span dir="LTR">CVI</span></strong><strong>) به منزلهی شاخص ژئومورفیک تأثیرگذار در ساخت و ساز منطقهی ساحلی بابلسر استفاده شد. ابتدا با استفاده از دادههای توپوگرافی (مدل رقومی ارتفاع ده متری) و با توجه به نوسانات تراز آب دریای خزر، محدودهی حایل عمودی اولیه و ثانویه در اراضی شهرستان تعیین شد. محدودهی حایل عمودی اولیه شامل اراضی است که در ارتفاع پایینتر از 7/24- متر قرار دارند و محدودهی حایل عمودی ثانویه اراضی را با ارتفاع بین 7/24- تا 5/23- متر شامل میشود. در ادامهی همین بحث و در داخل اراضی محدودهی حایل عمودی اولیه و ثانویه، شاخص آسیبپذیری ساحل بر مبنای پنج پارامتر ارتفاع، شیب، لندفرم ژئومورفولوژی، کاربری اراضی و فاصله از جاده در دو زیرشاخص با منشأ طبیعی و با منشأ انسانی اجرا گردید. با توجه به شاخص آسیبپذیری ساحل بر مبنای متغیرهای طبیعی (</strong><strong><span dir="LTR">NCVI</span></strong><strong>)، انسانی (</strong><strong><span dir="LTR">HCVI</span></strong><strong>) و شاخص آسیبپذیری نهایی (</strong><strong><span dir="LTR">TCVI</span></strong><strong>)، بخشهای وسیعی از سواحل شهرستان بابلسر (بهویژه در محدودههای شهری بابلسر و فریدونکنار) در طبقات با درجههای آسیبپذیری بالا و بسیار بالا قرار میگیرند.</strong></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><strong>Abstract </strong></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;">Coastal areas are dynamic and complex multi-function systems. A wide number of often conflicting human socio-economic activities occur in these areas. These include urbanization, tourism and recreational activities, industrial production, energy production and delivering, port activities, shipping, and agriculture. Coastal systems are also characterized by important ecological and natural values; their high habitat and biological diversity is fundamental to sustain coastal processes and provide ecosystem services which are essential also for human well-being. Human activities often conflict with the need to preserve natural coastal systems and their ecological processes.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"> One of the most important applied problems in coastal geology today is determining the physical response of the coastline to sea-level rise. Predicting shoreline retreat and land loss rates is critical to planning future coastal zone management strategies and assessing biological impacts due to habitat changes or destruction. Presently, long-term (>50 years) coastal planning and decision-making has been done piecemeal, if at all, for the nation's shoreline. Consequently, facilities are being located and entire communities are being developed without adequate consideration of the potential costs of protecting or relocating them from sea-level rise-related erosion, flooding and storm damage.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"> Research on major natural disasters and related technologies has become an important subject in geography and its application. The complexity analysis of the issue is possible in a system approach to theoretical and applied geography also in the integrity of physical and human geography.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;">Due to the Caspian Sea water-level fluctuation in coastal zone of Babolsar which happens very quickly in decade scale, the observance of safety element will be possible in light of the integrated coastal zone management with determine of sea frontage. In this context, geography and especially geomorphology is a main basic in this kind of coastal management.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"> Detection of sea level fluctuations causing morphological changes in the earth surface and damage to facilities, clarifies the necessary of the present research to study the role of geomorphological indices in Babolsar coast zone constructions. The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) is one of the most commonly used and simple methods to assess coastal vulnerability to sea level rise, in particular due to erosion and/or inundation. The CVI provides a simple numerical basis for ranking sections of coastline in terms of their potential for change that can be used by managers to identify regions where risks may be relatively high. The CVI results can be displayed on maps to highlight regions where the factors that contribute to shoreline changes may have the greatest potential to contribute to changes to shoreline retreat.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;">In this study, coastal vulnerability index (CVI) is used as effective geomorphic index on Babolsar coast zone constructions. In first, primary and secondary vertical frontages were detect using topographic data (digital elevation model with cell size 10-meter) and Caspian Sea water-level fluctuations.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"> The primary vertical frontage includes areas which have the lower height of -24.7 meters and secondary vertical frontage consists of areas which are placed between -24.7 and -23.5 meters. Following this issue, within the primary and secondary vertical frontage, coastal vulnerability index was performed based on five parameters, elevation, slope, landform, land use and distance from main road. According to the coastal vulnerability based on natural (NCVI), human (HCVI) and total vulnerability index (TCVI), large parts of the Babolsar coastal zone (especially in Fereidoonkenar and Babolsar city areas) placed in classes of high and very high vulnerability.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"> With respect to detection of the primary (level -24.7 m) and secondary (from level -24.7 to -23.5 m) frontages in Babolsar township area, 345 and 7177 hectares of the township lands are located in the primary and secondary vertical frontages, respectively. The most area of the township land uses in primary frontage belongs to natural structures that have 153 hectares of area. Survey of lands distribution in the height of -24.7 to -23.5 m (secondary vertical frontage) shows that agriculture land use has the most extent in this area; the area of this land use is 5293 hectares that equivalent to 74 percent of all lands which are located in the secondary frontage. Urban and industrial structures have 45 and 522 hectares of area in the primary and secondary frontages of Caspian Sea in Babolsar Township, respectively.</span></p>
<p></p>
واژگان کلیدی: سوانح طبیعی, نوسانات تراز آب, آسیبپذیری, شهرستان بابلسر
Keywords: Physical Geography, Coastal Vulnerability Index, Babolsar Coast Area
1
12
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3-22&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Seyed Hassan
sadogh
سید حسن
صدوق
1003194753284600617
1003194753284600617
No
شهید بهشتی
Khabat
Derafshi
خبات
درفشی
1003194753284600618
1003194753284600618
Yes
شهید بهشتی