Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی
Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
Literature & Humanities
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir
1
admin
2423-7892
2588-5146
10.61186/jsaeh
fa
jalali
1399
8
1
gregorian
2020
11
1
7
3
online
1
fulltext
fa
پیشبینی کاهش دید ناشی از مه و بارش در منطقه تهران با استفاده از مدل WRF
Visibility prediction during fog and precipitation using the WRF model over Tehran
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:IRANsharp;">دید افقی از مهم­ترین ویژگی­های نوری جوّ بهشمار می­رود و پیشبینی آن از جنبه­های گوناگون اهمیت دارد. هدف از مقاله حاضر، پیش<span dir="LTR"></span>بینی کاهش دید ناشی از مه و بارش با استفاده از مدل <span dir="LTR">WRF</span> در منطقه تهران است. دو مطالعه موردی در 7 مارس 2013 و در11 ژانویه 2014 با کاهش دید افقی به دلیل رخداد بارش برف و مه برای بررسی انتخاب شدهاند. برای پیشبینی دید از چهار روش پارامترسازی <span dir="LTR">SW99</span>، <span dir="LTR">FSL</span>، <span dir="LTR">AFWA</span> و <span dir="LTR">UPP1</span> استفاده شدهاست این چهار روش پس از کدنویسی، در مدل پیش­بینی عددی <span dir="LTR">WRF</span> پیاده سازی می­شوند و مقادیر پیش­بینی شده در نهایت با دید مشاهداتی مقایسه می­شوند. نتایج نشان می­دهند که تمام روشها، رخداد کاهش دید را پیشبینی می­کنند، اما به نظر میرسد کارآیی روش به نوع پدیده مورد مطالعه بستگی دارد؛ به طوری­که پیشبینی دید در هنگام رخداد برف نسبت به رخداد مه از دقت بیشتری برخوردار است. نتایج بررسی عوامل ایجاد خطا نشان می­دهد که در پیشبینی مربوط به دما و دمای نقطه شبنم فرابرآورد وجود دارد. هم­چنین خطا در تخمین رطوبت نسبی در بسیاری از موارد مثبت است که متعاقباً منجر به ایجاد خطا در پیش­بینی دید، به­ویژه در هنگام رخداد مه، می­شود.<br>
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Visibility is one of the most important optical characteristics of the atmosphere. Prediction of visibility is essential for air pollution, air traffic, flight safety, road traffic and shipping. Visibility reduction may be caused by different reasons. Fog is one of the most common reasons of visibility reduction, i.e. the droplets of water suspended in the atmosphere reduce the visibility to less than 1 km. Precipitation may also reduce visibility. Prediction of visibility in NWP models is usually accomplished by using the relationship between visibility and liquid water content, temperature, relative humidity. Purpose of the present work is to predict visibility during fog and precipitation over Tehran area in January 11<sup>th</sup>, 2014 and March 7<sup>th</sup>, 2013. Different algorithms including UPP1, AFWA, FSL and SW99 have been experimented to predict visibility.. Predicted visibility has been compared to observations, including Synoptic and METAR data in Imam Khomeini and Mehrabad airport. The WRF version 3.8.1 has been used to simulate precipitation and fog. In this simulation model configuration defined in Lambert uniform space. The model consist three nested domains. First domain was a 27-km grid model (83×65), surrounding a 9-km grid model (112×94) which was surrounding a 3-km grid model (112×97). Center of all domains was at longitude 51° and 44' and latitude 36° and 5' which is located almost at center of Tehran. All domains had 40 vertical layers and model top was located at 100hPa. The out puts of 3-km domain is used for visibility estimation. Initial and boundary conditions were set by using FNL data which is 1°×1° degree grid data. This data is available every 6 hours. Simulations were in 36 hours and first 12 hours was the spin up time. Results show that most of these algorithms can partly predict visibility reduction. The FSL algorithm works better than the other methods in fog situation and SW99 works better in snow situation. Comparing results shows that the visibility reduction during snow is more reliable than during fog. There were some errors in model predictions some of them were due to visibility algorithms, because the coefficients of these algorithms were driven in other parts of earth. The other errors were systematic errors of WRF. Predictions of temperature had warm bias and also there were positive bias in prediction of relative humidity. <br>
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مه, بارش, دید افقی, پیش بینی, مدل
visibility prediction, WRF, fog, precipitation
107
124
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-768-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Parisa
Jaberi
پریسا
جابری
parisa.jaberi@alumni.ut.ac.ir
100319475328460011346
100319475328460011346
No
MA, Department of Space Physics, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran.
دانشگاه تهران
Samaneh
Sabetghadam
سمانه
ثابت قدم
ssabet@ut.ac.ir
100319475328460011347
100319475328460011347
Yes
Assistant Professor, Department of Space Physics, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran.
دانشگاه تهران
Sarmad
Ghader
سرمد
قادر
sghader@ut.ac.ir
100319475328460011348
100319475328460011348
No
Associate Professor, Department of Space Physics, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran.
دانشگاه تهران