Research in Sport Medicine and Technology

The purpose of this study was to consider the effect of eight weeks aerobic
and strength training on serum PTH, calcium, albumin and alkaline
phosphatase in postmenopausal women.35 post menopause women, (55-70
years), of Jahandidegan center of Tehran were selected and randomly divided
to three groups as aerobic (n=12), strength (n=13) and control (n=10) groups.
Aerobic training program include jogging and aerobic movements, with 60-
70% MHR intensity(8 weeks, 3 times per week, 40minute per session), And
Strength training program with emphasize on main muscle groups (8 weeks, 3
times per week, 1 hour per session),with30-40%1RM,8-10rep,1set to 60-
80%1RM,8-10rep,1set . One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) used to
compare differences between groups. The results showed that PTH and
alkaline phosphatase significantly increase after aerobic and strength training
in comparison with control group (P≤0.05). But the significant difference was
not observed between these two groups. No significant difference was
observed in serum calcium between two trained and control groups (p≥0.05).
However a significant decrease was observed in strength group (P≤0.05).
Furthermore, the significant change was not observed in albomin after training
program. Increase in PTH and alkaline phosphatase concentrations in normal
range seem to promote anabolism procedure of bone formation. The result of
this study shows that both two type of training have same effects on bone
markers and hormonal factors.

The purpose of this study was to compare effect of 4 weeks of strength training in two ways of accommodation and constant resistant methods on maximum strength and power of trained athletes. Sixteen Wushu athletes and wrestlers chosen from Tehran’s clubs with a mean age of 20.50 ±2.00years, height 174.34 ± 6.53cm, weight 70.22 ± 10.50 Kg, and body fat percent, 12.87 ±. 4. 23 participated in this study. After the initial testing of the variables of maximum strength (1RM), upper body power (medicine ball to throw, cm) lower body power (vertical jump, watt) Body fat percent (Skin Fold three point), limb circumference (cm) and Weight (kg), divided in two equal groups. Each group has done resistance strength training program for 4 weeks, three sessions per week, with 85% of their 1RM, with three sets and 5 repetitions with Squat and bench press exercises. But in case of accommodation group, 20% of their 1RM was used by chain through the full range of motion. At the end of the training, re-test of dependent variables were performed under similar conditions. Covariance analysis was used to compare the progressof power and strength between the two groups. This study showed that weight (p=0.391), limb circumferences (P=143), fat (P=0.413), the upper body power (P=0.267), lower body power (P=0.252) and the maximum upper body strength (P=0. 803) there was no significant difference between groups, but in case of maximum strength of lower body (P=0.04) there was significant difference between the two groups. In analyzing the results, although most variables did not show significant difference, but the effects sizeanalyzing of groups showed that in upper body power (ES=0.62), lower body power (ES= 0.64),upper body strength (ES=0.13)and lower body strength (ES=1.84), the results were in favor of accommodation group. This difference in the maximal strength in accommodation group were (62.15% in the upper body, 68.38% lower body) and in constant strength group (86.14% in the upper body, 84.21% in the lower body) respectively. Also the effect size of power for accommodation group were (97.6% upper body, 61.6% lower body) and in constant group (16.4% upper body, 67.4% lower body), respectively. This study showed that in order to increase maximal strength and power, accommodation training method is more effective than traditional constant training.