Introduction & Aim: Motor control deficits such as dynamic knee valgus and quadriceps dominance are recognized as key modifiable risk factors for lower-limb injuries. Feedback-based training has been proposed as an effective strategy to correct high-risk biomechanics. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of feedback interventions on lower-limb mechanics and performance during jump-landing movements
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar) and national databases (Magiran, Irandoc) from 2000 to 2023. Studies were included if they examined the effects of any form of feedback on healthy individuals with lower-limb motor control deficits. From an initial 540 retrieved articles, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria after screening and full-text review.
Results: Most studies reported that feedback, particularly external or real-time feedback, led to increased flexion angles of the hip and knee in the sagittal plane during jump-landing. The findings regarding frontal plane mechanics were inconsistent: some studies showed a reduction in knee valgus angle, while others reported no significant change. A majority confirmed a reduction in peak vertical ground reaction force following feedback. However, limited studies assessed performance outcomes such as jump height or reactive strength index, and their findings were contradictory.
Conclusion: Feedback interventions appear effective in improving biomechanical risk factors related to lower-limb injury during jump-landing tasks; however, their impact on functional performance remains unclear. Further research is required to determine long-term retention and performance outcomes.
