Showing 85 results for Mohammad
Atiqullah Sultani Ahmadzai, Hamid Ejtehadi, Mohammad Farzam, Maral Bashirzadeh, Farideh Attar, Mohammad Reza Joharchi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
The new species Onosma nuristanica is described and illustrated here on the basis of specimens collected from Parun in Nuristan and Chapa Dareh in Kunar, one of the eastern provinces of Afghanistan. An extensive review of the literature and a comparative study with specimens from several herbaria led to the determine of this new species. Our results represent significant divergence between studied specimens in terms of the most important morphological features, i.e., flower color, pedicel length, bract length filaments length, cauline shape and form. In this article, a detailed description of the new species and a diagnostic key for Onosma species thriving in Afghanistan are provided and the new species is compared morphologically with its closely related species. In addition, a distribution map is provided for the new species and its close relatives in the area.
Bahare Asgari, Dr Ali Mohammadi, Dr Bahare Attaran,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (6-2024)
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to produce a stable nanoemulsion containing clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil (PCLO) and evaluate its antimicrobial activity. The effect of the preparation technique, the type of surfactant and the ratio of surfactant to oil was evaluated to optimize the preparation formula of oil-in-water nanoemulsion. The optimized formula prepared by low energy production method containing 4% w/w PCLO and 12% w/w mixed surfactant (SDS + Tween 80) produced a clear and stable nanoemulsion for 90 days with an average particle diameter below 150 nm. The antibacterial activity of pure PCLO and its nanoemulsions (NCLO) was investigated by disk diffusion, agar well, and broth methods in 3 indicator bacteria of gastrointestinal infections, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bacteriocidal concentration (MBC) as well as dynamic killing time were determined in the tested bacteria. Strong antibacterial activity of PCLO and NCLO was revealed in the concentration range of 1000-2000 ppm. The killing kinetics study showed that during the first 15 minutes of exposure to NCLO at the MIC concentration, there was a rapid and extensive reduction in the amount of viable microorganisms. The presented data, considering the optimal performance of antimicrobial substances in food, cosmetics and chemical industries, can help in the rational design of nanoemulsion-based essential oil delivery systems.
Dr Seyed Mehdi Razavi, Mrs Neda Delir, Dr Sareh Abrahimi, Dr Mansour Afshar Mohammadian,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Using the allelopathic property of some plant species is one of the proposed methods to reduce the use of chemical poisons. Anthriscus nemorosa is an aromatic plant belonging to the Apiaceae that grows naturally in the western and northern parts of in this study. Considering that so far the biochemical and allelopathic properties of this plant have not been investigated in Iran, in this study, the roots of this plant were collected from Khalkhal county and after drying in the shade, the essential oil was extracted by hydro-distillation. The essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. 52 compounds were identified from the essential oil, representing 80.21% of the total oil. The main constituents were Myristicin (16.92%), Heptane (12.98%), Elemicin (12.54%), Gamma-Terpinene (12.50%), Decane (3.08%), Beta-Eudesmol (2.95%) and Beta-phellandrene (2.52%) and these compounds were remarkably different with that of A. nemorosa native to Serbia. To investigate the allelopathic effects of this plant, an experimental design was factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results of examining the effects of n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanolic extracts (with concentrations of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/ml) of the root of this plant on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var.capitata) showed that all three extracts had an inhibitory effect on the germination percentage (%), shootlet growth and rootlet growth of lettuce. However, the hexane extract in all treated concentrations had a more inhibitory effect on the germination and shootlet growth of lettuce seed.
Ms Mohammadreza Pourmohammad, Dr Jina Khayatzadeh, Ms Vahid Hanafi, Dr Mehrdad Iranshahi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, due to the increasing growth of production and consumption of nanoparticles, problems such as their entry into fersh waters and aquatic poisoning have arisen. Iron oxide nanoparticles are among the most widely used in this field. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), a flowering plant belonging to the legume family, contains high amounts of protein, calcium, various vitamins and antioxidant effects. The aim of this research was to investigate the combined effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3)and alfalfa plant on growth parameters and pathology of digestive tract, liver and kidney of koi fish (an example of carp fish with a variety of colors and eye-catching effect).
Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, the number of 60 koi fish larvae were randomly divided into 6 groups including the control group and 5 experimental groups. The effect of feeding koi fish larvae with biomar combined with 10% and 20% alfalfa and being exposed to iron oxide nanoparticles with a concentration of 100 mg/l for 14 days in 5 treatment groups was investigated in comparison with the control group. The collected data were analyzed by Excel and SPSS 20 statistical software.
Dr Saeed Mohammadi, Dr Hossein Barahouei,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
O Using the Maxent model and presence data for two species, Androctonus crassicauda and A. sistanus, from the scorpions of Sistan and Baluchestan province, which were collected through sampling and reviewing previous studies in the region, predictions have been made regarding their potential distribution. The results of this research, which predicts some ecological characteristics of scorpions, showed that the distribution of both species is greater in the northern regions of the province, and this distribution is expected to increase in the future. The average temperature in the wettest season of the year (Bio8), the amount of precipitation in the coldest month of the year (Bio19), and vegetation have played a role in modeling the current distribution of the species A. crassicauda, while the average temperature in the wettest season of the year (Bio8), vegetation, and the annual temperature range (Bio7) have been significant for the future (2070). Precipitation in the driest month of the year (Bio18) and vegetation cover have the gr
