Showing 354 results for Type of Study: Original Article
Fereshteh Heidargholinezhad, Yousef Hamidoghli, Valliollah Ghasemiomran, Pouria Biparva,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Centella asiatica, is well known to be a valuable medicinal plant for producing valuable compounds such as asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madcasoside and madcasic acid. The plant is believed to improve memory, lower blood pressure, be a strong antioxidant and anticancer. Therefore, it is important to optimize tissue culture methods in order to facilitate the extraction of medicinal compounds, gene transfer as well as improvement of medicinal properties of the plant. Calli prepared from various medicinal plants can be used to increase the amount of medicinal compounds in the cell suspension culture and gene transfer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of two hormones, BAP and NAA, on leaf explant for callus initiation, as one of the important sources of secondary metabolites production. For this purpose, leaf explants were treated with 6 different concentrations of BAP (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 mg/L) and 5 different concentrations of NAA (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg/L). The results of this study showed that the best callus was obtained by the combination 1.5 mg/L of BAP and 0.5 mg/L of NAA, resulting in the leaf explants with callus induction of 100%, fresh weight of 1.457 gr and callus diameter of 1.459 cm. The results showed that two hormones of BAP and NAA have synergistic effects on the increase of the quality and quantity of the produced calli.
Mahdi Alijanianzadeh, Alireza Jalalvand, Rasoul Khalilzadeh, Maryam Abdolirad,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
S-layer proteins of Deinococcus radiodurans are the best self-assemble systems among other proteins that have an essential role in the fabrication of nanowires. Therefore, the purification of these proteins is necessary. The purpose of this research was to optimize the purification of s-layer protein from D. radiodurans with the response surface method. The three factors of SDS concentration, incubation time and mass percent in five levels were considered, and 20 runs were designed by Design-Expert software with a central composite method. Each run includes microbe culture, mass cell preparation, microbe incubation in specific SDS concentration and time and mass percent, separation of the bacteria from detergent with a centrifuge at 5000g, sedimentation of s-layer proteins from detergent solution with a centrifuge at 20000g, determination of protein concentration, and protein purity by Bradford and SDS-PAGE methods, respectively. Finally, the data obtained were analyzed. Analysis of the results demonstrated that at the 95% confidence level, the effect of the detergent concentration factor on the purified protein percent was more than other factors. The optimization results of factors are 5.64% SDS concentration, 7.33% mass percent, and 3 hours incubation time. At optimized conditions the protein concentration and purity percent were obtained 0.584 mg/ml and 47.61% respectively.
Shiva Tabatabaie Roodsati, Alireza Iranbakhsh, . Mansoureh Shamili, Zahra Oraghi Ardabili,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Selenium, a non-essential element for plants, is essential for animals as well as human beings. Although the role of selenium in plants is yet to be properly understood, previous researches have shown that this element can affect plant growth and metabolism. In this study, the effect of foliar application of selenium nanoparticles (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L) and sodium selenate (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L) on the physiological and biochemical responses of bell pepper (Capsicum anumm L.) was investigated. The potential changes in various growth and biochemical indices were evaluated in response to the treatments. According to the results, selenium treatments at concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/L reduced the biomass accumulation in both roots and shoots. These treatments also increased the content of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde. The foliar application of selenium led to the increase of the concentrations of soluble phenols, proline and thiols. The activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase were increased in response to the selenium treatments. The protease activity displayed a similar upward trend following the selenium treatments.
Vajiheh Ganjeali, Monireh Cheniany, Parissa Taheri, Maryam Mazaheri-Tirani,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), as one of the most important cultivated crops in the world and Iran, is constantly threatened by many diseases, including Fusarium contamination. Due to the unique characteristics of nanoparticles, copper oxide nanoparticles show high antibacterial and antifungal properties. The purpose of this research was to comparatively investigate the antifungal effects of copper oxide nanoparticles and its bulk form on the suppression of Fusarium calmorum in wheat. For this purpose, a pot experiment was done with four levels (10, 250, 500, and 1000 mg L-1) of nanoparticles and bulk form of copper oxide treatments in wheat (Roshan cultivar). The results showed that the maximum inhibition of root pathogenicity was observed in a high concentration of nanoparticles as compared to bulk form. The 250 and 500 mg L-1 concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles caused the highest stem and root length and the highest dry weight of the aerial part and root, respectively. Treatment with 10 and 250 mg L-1 nanoparticles also increased the content of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, chlorophyll stability index, membrane stability coefficient, and relative leaf water content. While the content of chlorophyll b, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and proline increased with the increasing concentration of both nanoparticle and bulk forms. The results of this research showed that the low and medium concentrations of nanoparticles were more successful in inhibiting the aforementioned fungus than the bulk form.
Sarehi Ebrahimi, Seyed Mehdi Razavi, Mansour Afshar Mohammmadian,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
The increase of the entry of industrial effluents containing various types of heavy metals into water and soil leads to the ever-increasing spread of environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary to find less expensive solutions to reduce the pollution. In this regard, in order to compare the effect of the removal of heavy elements on some of the morphological and physiological characteristics of C. alternifolius, Ch. zizanioides and Aloe vera plants, an experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications for 14 months at the University of Guilan. The results showed that under the treatment of industrial wastewater, the metal accumulation indices (MAI) of zinc, chromium, lead, copper, manganese, nickel, magnesium were higher in Ch. zizanioides and Aloe vera than those in C. alternifolius. In all three studied plants, the indices of root length, shoot length, total biomass and tolerance index (TI) had a significant decrease compared with those in the control plants, and Ch. zizanioides and A. vera plants had the lowest percentage of decrease. In addition, other investigated components including absorption index (UI), total soluble sugar, total phenol content, total flavonoid, total anthocyanin, total tannin, and DPPH free radical inhibition percentage increased in all three plants under industrial wastewater treatment. The highest percentage of increase in all investigated components, except DPPH free radical inhibition percentage, was observed in Ch. zizanioides. In general, it can be said that in terms of MAI and morphological and physiological characteristics, Ch. zizanioides and A. vera were more successful than the C. alternifolius. Therefore, it is recommended to plant the studied plants in the order of priority (Ch. zizanioides ˃ A. vera ˃ C. alternifolius) in soils contaminated with industrial effluents, in order to remediate the soil.
Azarnoosh Jafari, Ameneh Assadi Barbariha, Fereshteh Ghasemzadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
The present research, a floristic study was executed on Imamverdy, Dartum, Ghapagh, Garivan and Niestaneh villages, located 30 km south of Bojnourd (North Khorassan province) with altitudinal range of 1442-1783 m. The present study aimed to identify the specimens, their possible medicinal properties, endemism and concervation status. For this purpose, the specimens were collected during March-November 2012 and identified using Flora of Iran and Flora Iranica. The results showed the presence of 133 species from 104 genera and 38 families, one species belonged to Gymnosperms and the rest, 132 species, belonged to Angiosperms, of which five families, 13 genera and 18 species were monocotyledons and 32 families, 90 genera and 114 species were dicotyledons. Moreover, 40 species were found to have medicinal applications in the studied region. Fabaceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiaceae were the largest families and Astragalus, Poa, Vicia and Euphorbia were reported as the largest genera in the region. Erysimum koelzii, Astragalus khoshjailensis, Eryngium bungei, Acanthophyllum pachystegium, Sclerorachis platyrachis, Taraxacum hydrophyllum were endemic species for Iran. Astragalus ackerbergensis was found to be in vulnerable status and Rubia florida, Mentha longifolia, Fumaria vaillanti and Onopordum carmanicum were found to be at low-risk status. The maximum and minimum percentages of chorotypes were related to Irano-Turanian with 68.14% and Irano-Turanian, Saharo-Arabian regions with 0.7%, respectively. The maximum and minimum percentage of life form were reported to be hemicryptophytes with 45.8% and cryptophytes with 3%, respectively. The results reflected the cold and arid climate and uncontrolled grazing in the studied region.
Leila Gholami, Farnoosh Attari, Mahmood Talkhabi, Fatemeh Saadatpour,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer among women. The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most invasive subtype, and chemotherapy is the only therapy option. Cancer cells preferably utilize the glycolysis pathway even with proper oxygen availability, and this activation plays a great role in tumorigenesis. Therefore, glycolysis targeting can be an effective strategy for cancer treatment. Here, the apoptotic effect of a glycolysis inhibitor named dichloroacetate (DCA) on TNBC cells MDA-MB-231 was assessed, and the expression of anti-apoptotic genes and oncogenic miRNAs was evaluated. MTT assay showed that DCA reduces cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 concentration of 50 mM. Annexin/PI assay demonstrated that DCA due to DCA treatment. Finally, the expression of anti-apoptotic genes Bcl2l1 and Mcl1 and oncogenic miRNAs miR21 and miR27a decreased due to DCA treatment. Our results confirmed that DCA, as a glycolysis inhibitor, leads to apoptosis induction in TNBC cells because of reducing expression of viability genes and miRNAs.
Hamidreza Yahyaeipour, Farzaneh Ganji, Hamid Sepehri, Zahra Nazari,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Olfaction, the sense of smell, plays an important role in the individual's safety, nutrition, social interactions, sexual function, and quality of life. Diabetes mellitus, which affects more than 400 million people worldwide, is associated with olfactory dysfunction. This work evaluated the olfactory bulb structure of Type 2 diabetes rats. Type 2 diabetes induction was performed by administering 20mg/Kg Streptozotocin to adult Wistar rats for five days. 35 days after injection, animals were sacrificed, and olfactory bulb tissue was harvested for tissue processing and Nissl staining to evaluate the olfactory bulb structure. Based on the results, diabetic animals showed a significant decrease in the Glomeruli number compared to controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in the internal plexiform layer thickness in the olfactory bulb of diabetic rats when compared to controls (P<0.05). The present results showed that olfactory dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes rats is associated with olfactory bulb structural change, which indicates the olfactory bulb tissue damage caused by diabetes.
Mahmoud Bidarlord, Mohamad Dehdar Dargahi, Adel Jalili,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Solanum chenopodioides is introduced here as a new record for the flora of Iran from the coastal areas of the Caspian Sea, Guilan province. This species grows in Bujagh National Land-Sea Park, on sand dunes, along with other coastal psammophytic plants. This species belongs to the Morelloid clade. It differs from the related species S. nigrum, by its shrubby nature, perfect leaves margin, dull berries, bi-colored petals in the middle, and peduncle that bends a bit downwards in fruit. This plant is native to southern South America. It is introduced as a common weed all over the world; in addition, this species is considered an alien species for the flora of Iran. Transit of goods, especially wool, to the different parts of the world is one of the ways of the spread of this species all over the world. In addition to providing some pictures of the plant, some notes about the distribution and ecology of this species were also provided in this paper. The numerous reports of alien species from Bujagh National Park in recent years could be regarded as a credible warning for the stability of native vegetation of the area and existing ecosystems.
Ali Asghar Arjmandi, Hamid Ejtehadi, Farshid Memariani, Mansour Mesdaghi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Understanding the different patterns of plant diversity and distribution along the environmental gradients is essential for managing ecosystems, especially in fragmented habitats due to intensive human pressure. The Darkash area is located in the western Aladagh Mountains in Khorassan-Kopet Dagh Floristic Province. The easternmost patches of the Hyrcanian montane forests grow in this area. The three main vegetation types in the area are shrublands/scrub forests, oak forests (Quercus castaneifolia), and subalpine vegetation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the plant diversity in the understory of plant communities along the elevational gradient. We sampled 187 vegetation plots (2m x 2m) along a 1300m elevational gradient (in 100-m classes) using the stratified-random method and estimated the abundance and canopy cover of the species. Floristic characteristics and different diversity indices were measured. In total, 252 plant species belonging to 161 genera and 44 families were identified. Of these, 41 species were found to be endemic or semi-endemic. Hemicryptophytes and therophytes are the dominant life-forms in the study area. The Irano-Turanian elements (46.8%) make the major chorotype in the flora of the area, followed by Bi-regional (17.5%), Tri-regional (17.5%), Pluri-regional (11.5%), and Euro-Siberian (6.7%) elements. The shrubland understory has the highest Hill's and beta diversity indices, followed by the oak forest and the subalpine understory. The biodiversity changes sinusoidally along the elevation. In order to protect plant species, especially young oak seedlings, it is recommended to create a protective corridor along the elevational gradient in this area. This strategy is essential to protect plant diversity in these habitats.
Negar Khorasani, Javad Baharara, Khadijeh Nejad Shahrokhabadi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly and aggressive cancers; Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. In the present study; the effect of Fluorouracil on different stages of the cell cycle and the expression of genes involved in the internal pathway of apoptosis in the AsPC-1 cell line (human pancreatic cancer) were investigated. In order to do so, MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of Fluorouracil on AsPC-1 cell proliferation; The type of induced cell death and cell cycle changes were investigated by flow cytometry; changes in the expression level of genes (BAX, Bcl-2, APAF-1, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, p53, p21) were examined by Real-time PCR. Quantitative data were analyzed at the significant level of (p<0.05). The MTT assay results showed that Fluorouracil decreased AsPC-1 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that increased percentage of apoptotic cells in the treated cells; Fluorouracil induces S phase cell cycle arrest in AsPC-1 cells and reduced distribution in the G1 phase. The Real-time PCR results in treated cells showed an increase in the expression of genes in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway as well as genes effective in regulating the cell cycle. Fluorouracil reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by increasing the expression of genes involved in the Intrinsic apoptotic pathway in AsPC-1 cells; Fluorouracil also caused cell cycle arrest in these cells by regulating the (p53, p21) genes.
Mina Azhary, Elham Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Molluscs are important pests of natural and agricultural ecosystems, by feeding on different parts of leaves, stems, flowers, buds, fruits and roots of different plant hosts, reducing the marketability of annual agricultural products and damage plant species in different habitats in the country. Moreover, they are intermediate hosts of human and cattle parasites, and therefore are of medicinal and veterinary importance. In this study, snails and slugs were sampled from nine designated stations located in the south and west regions of Tehran province, considering their natural condition, vegetation, location of gardens and fields, soil or subsoil types, from the beneath of rocks and trunks, water bodies and other areas related to the habitat of snails and slugs. Samples were made using sampling nets or gathered directly by hand from plants, shrubs and river banks. Overally, 17 species belonging to 12 genera from nine families were collected and identified. Identification was done according to morphometric characters including shape, size of shell, dextral and sinistral position of the shell, operculum, aperture, radula, mucus colour, respiratory pore, keel, renal ridge and reproduction system. The highest and lowest mollusc species diversity among the stations studied were turned to be 16 and 6 species belong to station 9 (west of Tehran province) and station 2 (south of Tehran province), respectively. The most commonly diversed family was Hellicidae with 5 species, i.e., Monacha cantiana, Euomphalia pisiformis, Helicella krynickii, Helicella derbentina, Caucasotachea atrolabiata. Also, Lymnaea truncatula is identified as the most frequent species, which has medical importance. Monacha cantiana was identified in the present study and reported for the first time from Iran. All the samples and their respective spatial and temporal information were made available in the museum of the Agricultural Zoology Research Department in Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection.
Yasaman Salmaki, Mahya Khakpash,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Stachys sect. Satureoides includes four species characterized by being annual herbs having oblanceolate leaves, urceolate calyx in fruit and dense hairs at mouth and are distributed from Eastern and Southern Turkey, Syria, Northern Iraq to Western Iran. The main aim of present study is to determine the phylogenetic placement of S. sect. Satureoides based on Stachys melampyroides, as the only representative of this section in Iran. The present molecular study was conducted based on nuclear ribosomal ITS marker, using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference analyses. In total, 86 accessions (including nine outgroups and 77 ingroups) were included. Our results demonstrated that sect. Satureoides was placed in Olisia clade which is one of the most heterogenous and taxonomically challenging clades of Stachys as a paraphyletic genus. Moreover, not only sect. Satureoides was not found to be phylogenetically close to sect. Neurocalyx, as had been suggested by previous morphological studies, but also it was placed as a sister group of sect Fragilicaulis which was characterized by chasmophilus species with fragile stems and yellow flowers. Our results revealed that sect. Neurocalyx could be the closest group to the Satureoides+Fragilicaulis clade. In addition, based on the nrITS phylogenetic tree, annual species of Stachys showed affinity to perennial Stachys species. Hence, it seems that “Annual habit” have been evolved among their perennial ancestors, independently.
Elmira Shokoohi, Omid Sofalian, Ali Asghari, Saeid Khomari, Behrooz Esmaielpour, Hamed Aflatooni,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Chickpea is one of the most important plants of the legume family and is very important in the diet. In order to investigate the genetic diversity of chickpea, an experiment was conducted with 18 chickpea genotypes in the form of a completely to investigate the genetic diversity of chickpea, an experiment was conducted with 18 chickpea genotypes in the form of a completely randomized block design. After acclimatization of plants to cold, freezing treatment was applied at temperatures of -6, -8 and -10 and their 50% lethality temperature (LT50) was determined by probit transformation. Before and after the habituation stage, a leaf sample was taken and the relative content of leaf water, photosynthetic pigments, proline, soluble sugar, protein percentage, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and greenness index were measured. Genotype number 5 with the lowest LT50 (-8.86) and the highest survival percentage (80%) was the most resistant genotype and genotype 10 with the highest LT50 (-3.57) and the lowest survival percentage along with genotype 15 were recognized as the most sensitive genotypes. In order to evaluate genetic diversity, DNA extraction was utilized and 21 different ISSR primers were used in the investigation. The results showed the presence of polymorphism among the cultivars studied. A total of 101 clear bands were produced, of which 94 were polymorphic bands. Polymorphic information content (PIC) was in the range of 0.332 (initiator 7) to 0.049 (initiator 16). The amount of gene diversity was between 0.126 and 0.977 changes. Cluster analysis of genotypes was done using Jaccard similarity coefficient and UPGMA method
Fereshteh Mohamadhasani Javar, Mehdi Rahimi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination (HMs) of water and soil is the most serious problem caused by industrial and mining processes and other human activities. Mycoremediation is a biotechnological method that employs fungi to remove toxic contaminants from the environment in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Pleurotus species are considered to be the most popular and widely cultivated species worldwide, and this may be due to their low production cost and high yield. It has been indicated that Pleurotus species may improve plant growth in metal-contaminated soils through enhancing nutrition uptake or by alleviating toxicity of the metals. In this experiment, the fungus was grown in vitro in liquid and solid media for 3 weeks on five different concentrations (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 ppm) of five heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Ni, Pb, Mn) as sulphate and the effect of these metal on radial growth, biomass production and metal content of fungal biomass were determined. Based on the results, this fungus showed a great variety of tolerance against the metals, as that growth parameters were increased in the case of two metals contamination (Zn and Mn) and inhibition of growth was observed even at the low concentrations of nickel, cadmium and lead (15 mg/liter). The amount of metal accumulation in the fungal mycelium also increased with the increase of the metal concentration in the culture medium. In this research, for the first time, the growth parameters and the amount of accumulation of heavy metals in axenic conditions have been investigated and described.
Abdollah Beyk-Khormizi, Siavash Hosseini Sarghein, Mohammad Reza Sarafraz-Ardakani, Seyed Mohammad Moshtaghioun, Seyed Mousa Mousavi-Kouhi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Fennel is a medicinal plant; all of its parts were being used by humans in different ways. This plant is relatively sensitive to salinity. A factorial experiment as a randomized complete block design with three replications at the greenhouse level was executed to investigate the effect of vermicompost on the increase of salinity tolerance in four fennel populations (Mashhad, Urmia, Shiraz, and Bushehr) in the vegetative stage of the plant, emphasizing the evaluation of some osmotic and antioxidant protection indicators. Experimental treatments were designed with four levels of salinity (0, 40, 80, and 120 mM of NaCl) and two levels of vermicompost (0 and 5% v/v). After harvesting, the roots were separated from the stem to analyze the biochemical variables. Salt stress caused a decrease in the total soluble sugar and starch content in the shoot and an increase of those in the root of the studied populations. In addition, under stress conditions, the proline content of shoot and root, total free amino acid, total phenol, and activity of guaiacol peroxidase and catalase were increased in fennel populations, while total soluble protein and anthocyanin content were decreased. Vermicompost treatment increased the content of soluble carbohydrates, soluble protein, free amino acids, proline, total phenol, and anthocyanin, and decreased the activity of guaiacol peroxidase in the shoot, as well as the starch content in the roots of fennel populations under non-stressed and stressed conditions. Despite observing the complexity in the changes of the analyzed indicators which were dependent on the type of population and the dose of stress, our results showed that the application of vermicompost with a concentration of 5% can improve the osmotic and antioxidant protection in the studied populations of fennel under salinity stress.
Mostafa Hosseinpour, Mohammad Mohammadi, Gholam Reza Ghezelbash,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Biological cementation is a new process in which urea hydrolysis bacteria or free urease enzyme decompose urea and increases the pH of the environment and chemical interactions in the presence of calcium ions to form calcite. Nowadays, nano-calcite is widely used in engineering, such as increasing the strength of soil and concrete, as well as in medicine, such as drug delivery and cancer treatment. This study aimed to investigate the laboratory conditions for producing nano-calcite particles with appropriate quality, size and purity by Sporosarcina pasteurii enzyme extract for use in medical and engineering studies. This investigation aimed to make calcite by S. pasteurii enzyme extract and optimize influential factors in calcite production. For this purpose, the bacterium S. pasteurii was cultured in nutrient broth containing urea and nickel, and upon reaching the appropriate time, the cells were separated and washed. Then, their enzyme extract was prepared by sonication, and calcite precipitation was studied in different amounts of urea, calcium chloride, enzyme and temperature. The quality of produced calcite crystals and their ratio compared to other crystals were investigated by XRD and SEM analyses. According to the results of XRD analysis, it was found that in 0.5 M urea and 0.25 M calcium chloride, the highest amount of calcite is produced with 96%, and the least side products are produced. Examining the particle size histogram in the sample containing 0.5 M urea and 0.25 M calcium chloride revealed that the range of particles were between 50 and 100 nm. The nature and type of crystals were studied by electron microscopy, and EDX analysis showed the presence of calcium, oxygen, and carbon. According to the results, it was found that by the increase of the concentrations of urea and calcium, the range of particle size became larger. Also, the percentage of calcite produced in low urea and calcium chloride concentrations is higher than those in high concentrations.
Siamak Yari, Sayeed-Hikmatullah Anis, Mohammad-Hossein Mohammadi-Mahdiabadi-Hasani,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs, however, its clinical use is limited due to possesing nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and hemotoxicity side effects. α-lipoic acid (ALA) is known as a powerful antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ALA on cisplatin-induced hemotoxicity. In this experimental study, 35 NMRI mice were divided into five groups (7 mice/group) of Group 1 (Control), group 2 (CP), group3 (CP+ALA low dose), group 4 (CP+ALA high dose) and group 5 (ALA). ALA was administrated orally for 7 consecutive days and CP was injected intraperitoneally. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and blood parameters were analyzed. Spleens belong to different groups were evaluated histologically. The data were revealed that erythrocyte count, White blood cells count and hemoglobin level were increased significantly in group2 in comparison with other groups. However, ALA administration improved CP induced changes in blood parameters. CP treatment induced histological changes such as increase in megakaryocytes count and accumulation of hemosiderin and collagen in red palp of spleen. ALA treatment improved CP induced histological alteration in groups 3 and 4. Results of the present study showed that ALA exerts protective effects on CP-induced hemotoxicity and histological alteration of spleen.
Rana Valizadeh Kamran, Lamia Vojodi Mehrabani, Ali Abdoulzadeh Fard, Dr Alireza Tarinejad,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Rana Valizadeh Kamran1, Lamia Vojodi Mehrabani2, Ali Aryan1 & Alireza Tarinejad1
1
Corresponding author: Rana Valizadeh Kamran, rana.valizadeh@gmail.com
Abstract. Bioremediation is a promising strategy to reduce the concentration of heavy metals that their increase in the soil was the result of the development of industries and factories in the area, threatening the environment and human health. To investigate the effect of the heavy metal chromium and the reduction of its toxic effects by bacteria (at two levels of the absence of bacteria and the presence of bacteria in Hoagland's solution), a factorial experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replications and the morphological, physiological traits and plant elements were measured in the applied treatments. The results showed that the experimental treatments did not affect plant yield traits, fresh weight, stem length, and leaf length. Leaf width, chlorophyll a, b, and plant phosphorus content decreased under chromium stress and increased with bacterial treatment. Hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, proline, solid soluble substances, phenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin, as well as the content of plant elements such as chromium, nitrogen, and potassium, increased due to the chromium treatment. Using bacteria in the culture medium containing chromium, significantly decreased the hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, indicating a reduction in the oxidative stress. The non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants of plats in the bacterial treatments increased, indicating bacteria's role in strengthening the plant's antioxidant system. The chromium content of the plant decreased after the use of bacteria. The results showed the positive effect of using chromium-purifying bacteria in the environment of plant cultivation in reducing the harmful effects of chromium heavy metal stress.
Ali Jahangiri Zarkani, Mousa Keshavarz, Adnan Shahdadi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Barnacles are bottom-dwelling crustaceans that live on a variety of substrates, including rocks, mollusk shells, corals, sponges, mangrove roots and leaves, and the body surface of turtles and whales. The present study deals with the species Microeuraphia permitini on the shores of Bandar Abbas in two stations of mangrove forest and rocky beach in a period of two months, and has investigated the morphometrics of the specimens, while considering the effect of the lunar cycle on reproduction, temperature and wind speed of the environment. Five longitudinal parameters (height, basal length and width, opercular length and width) were recorded. The results showed that 90% and 70% of the samples of both stations had eggs in the second day (new moon) and eighth days of lunar months, respectively, and in the twelfth day of the lunar month (full moon) all samples contained eggs. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the height and base length of the barnacle, but the difference between the opercular length, opercular width and base width is not significant. In addition, in both of mangrove and rocky stations, there was the highest correlation coefficient between opercular length and width (r=0.84 and r=0.78, respectively). The lowest correlation coefficient in mangrove station was between base length and opercular width (r=0.5) and in rocky station between height and base width (r=0.2). The wind pattern was variable during this period and the approximate decrease of the north wind was seen during the sampling period. Air temperature changes were seen between minimum 30 °C and maximum 39 °C. In addition to the tidal cycle, wind and temperature can affect the spawning of the species as an environmental stress factor.
