Research in psychological health

Psychometric properties of Persian version of short form scale of Dark Triad personality traits in university students

sajjad basharpoor

There has been an increasing interest to study the dark three dark personality traits during the current years. Then, this research was conducted in order to investigate psychometric properties of Persian version of short form scale of Dark Triad personality traits in university students. The all students of University of mohaghegh ardabili in 2014-2015 educational years comprised the statistic population of this study. three hundred and ten students (115 male and 194 female) were selected by random multistage sampling method and participated in this study. The subjects responded individually to the questionnaires of three dark personality traits, big five personality and general health at classrooms. The gathers data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson correlation using SPSS and LISREL softwares. The results of the explorative factor analyze showed the 3 factors with eigenevalue higher than 1, this 3 factor were explaining 53/61 % of variance together. Confirmatory factor analysis indicators also implied to the optimal fitness of three-factor model of this questionnaire. The results of the Pearson correlation showed that three dark personality traits have significant correlations with factores of big five questionnaire and mental health indexes. The alpha cronbach coefficients for the subscales were obtain ranging 0/68 -0/75. Basing the results of this study, it can be conclude that short form of three dark personality triats scale has well validly and reliability for uses in Iranian populations.

The Effectiveness of Psychosocial Skills Training Packages on Stress and Burnout among Drivers

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of psychosocial skills training package on stress and burnout among drivers. This study was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design. The sample group was selected utilizing available sampling procedure and included 196 drivers of the Tehran city bus company. The participants were randomly divided into five groups. These drivers participated in psychosocial training for nine sessions twice a week. All the participants completed both the Job Stress Questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) as the pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measure.The Results showed that participating in psychosocial skills training increased the mean of the sample group in most job stress’ subscales (p<0.001) and decreased the mean of burnout (p<0.003).
Stress and anger management, as well as healthy relationships are all effective components in creating well-being and reducing the destructive effects of tension and job burnout. Hence, due to the importance of some jobs such as driving which requires accuracy and concentration, applying the results of this study and other similar studies in order to reduce the effects of drivers’ tiredness and tension and increasing their accuracy, concentration and ability is needed.

psychometric properties of the version of the Mini- Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini-MAC) in patients with cancer

Alireza Moradi

Mental adjustment to cancer is known a psychological, physical and psychological health variable in cancer patients. The present study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Mini - Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini-MA)in a sample of Iranian adults.The sample consisted of 320 cancer patients selected through non-random convenient sampling procedure from the hospitals and clinics in Kermanshah and Shiraz, and was conducted Mini - Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale, among of them 100 was also completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Statistical methods for analysing the data exploratory, discriminate validity and for internal consistency Cronbach alpha coefficients were used. Alpha coefficients for the subscales helplessness/hopelessness, 0.94, cognitive avoidance 0.76, anxious preoccupation, 0.90, Fatalism, 0.77, the fighting spirit 0.80 and the total scale as well as 0.84, respectively. Factor analysis confirmed that the five factors in the Mini-MAC. Significant correlations between subscales of Mini-MAC and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale also show that this scale has discriminate validity. The results confirm the five-factor structure of the Mini-MAC scale and also a reliable and valid scale, shows this scale has power to measure aspects of mental adjustment with cancer.

Comparison the effectiveness of Kohlberg’s dilemmas, real life dilemmas and positive emotion induction methods on emotion expectancies

toran alizadeh

The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of training Kohlberg’s dilemmas procedures, real life dilemmas, and positive emotion induction on emotion expectancies in female adolescences. The statistical population includes all grade female students in Yasuj high school during 2013-2014. This was a pre-test, post- test and follow up queasy-experimental study with control group. The study sample consisted of 120 female students who were selected via multi – step cluster sampling method and, randomly, assigned to Four groups. The experimental groups were separately, taught Kohlberg’s dilemmas, real life dilemmas during 8 sessions of 70 minutes. One of the group was induced by positive emotion method. The control group was left untreated.
The participants confronted with a set of emotion expectancies scenarios (Malti and Killer, 2011) as the pre-test, post- test and follow up. The datas were analyzed by repeated measure method and by ANCOVA tests. The findings showed that Kohlberg’s dilemmas, real life dilemmas, and positive emotion induction methods were effective on emotion expectancies (p<0/001). The follow up L.S.D test showed that: although all intervention methods were effective on emotion expectances in post- test and follow up phases, real life dilemmas can improve the emotion expectancies more than other three methods in post- test and follow up phases. The next highest effectiveness rates (the highest mean differences compared with those of control group) belong to training Kohlberg’s dilemmas, and positive emotion induction, respectively.

Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and social anxiety: the mediating role of alexithymia

mohsen amiri

Given the high prevalence of social anxiety and its importance in people under 18 year, The main objective of this study was to investigate the role of alexithymia mediated into the relationship between maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and social anxiety. In this study, 180 high school female students who were selected using Multi stage cluster sampling, formed the research sample. Participants completed a questionnaire Connor social anxiety(Spin), cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and Toronto-20 Alexithymia Scale. The results showed that adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, Respectively, had positive and negative correlations with social anxiety. Alexithymia had also positively correlated with social anxiety. Results of regression analysis showed that alexithymia can be have a mediator role in relationship between maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and social anxiety. According to the results, it appears that maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, mediated by alexithymia, can better predict the social anxiety.

Psychological consequences of parental conflicts for adolescents Influences on depression, aggressiveness, and self-esteem

nasrin gharekhanlou

The purpose of this study was to compare the depression, aggression, and self-esteem of adolescents with high-conflict and low-conflict parents. With this purpose in mind, 230 adolescent girls who were studying in high schools of Bahar city of Hamadan province, were selected by cluster sampling method and completed following questionnaires: The Children's Perceptions of Interparental Conflict Scale(CPIC), Modified Depression Scale, hostility scale of Symptom Checklist 90 ( SCL-90), and Hare Area-Specific Self-Esteem Scale. Data analyzed by multivariate analysis. The results showed that there are significant differences between adolescents with high and low conflicted parents in term of level of depression, aggression, and self-esteem. Adolescents who perceived their parents more conflicted had higher levels of depression and aggression and lower levels of self-esteem. In sum, the findings indicate that parent’s conflict resolution style has negative mental health outcomes for their children. Finally, the implications of findings are discussed.

Comparison of Academic Health among Daughters of Mothers With Musculoskeletal Chronic Pain with Daughters of Healthy Mothers

leila solgi

Research indicates that children of parents with chronic pain might be at risk of a variety of psychological, social and academic difficulties therefore, the present study aimed to investigate academic health among adolescent daughters of mothers with musculoskeletal chronic pain. In this study a group of 44 daughters of mothers with chronic pain were compared to matched control group of daughters of healthy mothers in variables of academic health. The Study measure was Academic Health Self- Report Scales (AHS-SR), adapted from Healthy Pathways Child-Report Scales (HPC-RS, Bevans,et al, 2010). In order to analyze the data, a set of descriptive and inferential statistics including independent t-test, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were applied. Study results indicated that daughters of mothers with chronic pain exhibit lower levels of academic health in comparison with children in the control group and this suggests that having a mother in pain adversely impacts children’s academic function and suppress their capabilities. This study suggests that children of mothers with chronic pain might be at risk of poor academic health and lower educational functioning compared with children of healthy parents. It seems that family interventions or psycho-education would help child and mother to have a better understanding of chronic pain as a phenomenon and to apply coping strategies to prevent its interactional impacts.