Research in psychological health

The mediating role self-knowledge process(integrative self-knowledge and mindfulness) and self control in regulating of relationship between perceived and objective stress and anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms

Vahideh salehmirhassani

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-knowledge process (integrative self-knowledge and mindfulness) and self control in regulating of relationship between perceived and objective stress and anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms. 217 firefighters were selected by simple stratified sampling from 22 stations. They responded to integrative self-knowledge (Ghorbani et al.,2008), mindfulness (Brown & Ryan.,2003), self control (Tangeny et al.,2004) perceived stress (Cohen et al., 1983) objective stress (made in this research), anxiety and depression(Costello & Comrey.,1967) scals and symptoms check list(Bartone.,1995). The results showed the interaction between integrative self- knowledge and self control has the most role in regulating the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety, depression and physical symptoms. Objective stress influenced by perceived stress that emphasized on importance of subjectivity of stress.Finally, Findings indicate the mediating role of self-knowledge process in relationship between stress and anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms.

Effectiveness of Islamic spiritual therapy on the lifestyle and the percentages of the white blood cells in the aged depressed subjects

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spirituality on the lifestyle and the percentages of the white blood cells in the depressed aged subjects. A quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test was used. Statistical society of research consisted of the total depressed aged subjects of an aged house (Mehr aged house, Karaj city, Alborze province, Iran).The subjects were divided into two equal groups (12 experimental group and 12 control group) and they responded the lifestyle questionnaire. Then, the percentages of the white blood cells were measured using the flowcytometry method. The experimental group received 14 sessions of the spiritual intervention, then lifestyle and the percentages of the white blood cells were measured. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups after the intervention on the lifestyle (health, disease prevention, mental health, spiritual health and social health) and the percentages of the white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes) (P≤0.05).Thus, spirituality, as a protective factor can promote the health of aged subjects, due to improvement of lifestyle and higher percentages of the white blood cells.

Effectiveness of Transcranial direct current stimulation on Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in cigarette craving and Stress

SARA MORADI KELARDEH

The applications of electrical stimulation of the brain , which include invasive and non-invasive methods , are now burgeoning in the fields of neuroscience. The aim of this study, was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in reducing the smoke craving and the rates of stress. Therefore, using random sampling and snowball method, in the population of smokers in the students of kharazmi university, we selected 20 subjects and assigned them in experimental and control group. The instrument used in this study, was the smoking urge questionnaire (SCQ) and stress subscale of depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS). Analysis of covariance and t-test of diminished scores showed that there are significant differences between groups in rates of craving and stress in post-test stage (respectively, 0.035 & 0.000, p<0.05).in addition, the number of used cigarette reduced after interventions (0.029,p<0.05). Generally, tDCS had an effective role in reduction of smoke craving and stress in experimental group.

Comparison of Cognitive Emotion Regulation, general health, problem–solving styles and academic performance of adolescent girls with addicted and nonaddicted parents

MARYAM AZIMI

The aim of this study was to compare the cognitive emotion regulation, general health, problem-solving style and academic performance of the adolescent girls with addicted parents with nonaddicted parents ones. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population was all female high school students of the third District of Karaj. Using convenience sampling method, 120 students was used which was included of 60 students with addicted and 60 students with non-addicted parents. The selected students in both groups were equilized. The groups completed Cognitive Emotion Regulation, general health and problem solving questionnaires. T-test and MANOVA were used to data analysis. Results indicated that adolescents with addicted parents achieve more score in “Blaming others” item and the others achieve more score in “Putting into perspective”, “Positive refocusing”, “Positive reappraisal” and “Refocus on planning” items in Cognitive Emotion Regulation test. Adolescents with nonaddicted parents get more score in “social” context and the others have more score in “Physical”, “anxiety” and “depression” context. Problem solving score in “personal control” item for students with nonaddicted parents and score in “Avoidance” for adolescents with addicted parents is higher than others. Academic Performance of the adolescents with addicted parents was less than that of the others.

Modeling of tendency to cigarette smoking based on the health believes, attitudes, subjective norms, and resiliency

Esmat Fazeli

The aim of the present study was identifying tendency to cigarette smoking based on the health believes, attitudes, subjective norms and resiliency among university students. It was a cross-sectional study which was conducted on 361 university students. Two questionnaires, one based on the health believe model and the theory of reasoned action, and the other about resiliency were completed. Data were analyzed through SPSS and Partial Least Squares (PLS) packages. The main study (conducted after pilot study) showed that 16/66% of 108 subjects who ever smoked, tried it before age 10. All friends of more than 10/5% of them (108 subjects) smoked cigarettes. Structural equation modeling showed that the conceptual model could predict tendency to tobacco smoking among university students. The highest coefficient was between attitudes and smoking. Subjective-norm was the next. The results confirm previous findings. The components couldcontribute in a reliable research model for studying risky B., smoking. The HBM might work better while is associated with attitudes andSN.Association of complementary elements (resiliency) with the model might be useful

Quality of Life, Everyday Functioning, and Prospective memory Impairments in Patients Infected with HIV

saeed ghodrati

Memory impairments are common amongst people living with HIV and have devastating effects on their life. In the present study we aimed to investigate whether prospective memory impairment play the mediator role between the CD4 level and quality of life amongst people living with HIV. A number of 161 individuals recruited for this purpose. We conducted Prospective-Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ), The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), respectively, to assess prospective memory, quality of life and everyday functioning. We also used Flow Cytometry test to assess their CD4 level. We used structural equation modeling to analyze the data and Lisrel 8.8 software were used. The results showed that prospective memory impairment have a crucial effect on the quality of life and everyday functioning of people living with HIV. Future research must focus more deeply on the prospective memory impairment effects on the quality of life and everyday functioning of people living with HIV

Casual relations model of antecedents and consequences of health behaviors in university students

omid shokri

Objective: This study examined the mediating effect of health-promoting lifestyle behaviors on the relationship between internal/external religious orientations and perceived social support with emotional well-being and life satisfaction among university students. Method: On a sample consisting of 410 students (157 male 253 female), the Intrinsic/Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale(I/EROS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)were administrated. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the mediating effects model of health-promoting lifestyle behaviors on the relationship between internal/external religious orientations and perceived social support with emotional well-being and life satisfaction among university students. Results: Results showed that there is a positive significant correlation between internal religious orientation and social support with healthy lifestyle behaviors and a positive non-significant correlation between external religious orientations with health-promoting lifestyle behaviors. Results also indicated that there is a positive significant correlation between health-promoting lifestyle behaviors with positive affect and life satisfaction and a negative significant correlation between health-promoting lifestyle behaviors with negative affect. Results of structural equation modeling also showed that the relationship between internal religious orientation and social support with positive and negative affect and life satisfaction is mediated fully by health-promoting lifestyle behaviors. In this hypothesized model, internal/external religious orientations and perceived social support factors accounted for 29% of the variance in health-promoting lifestyle behaviors. Also, health-promoting lifestyle behaviors accounted for 64%, 16% and 38% of the variance in positive affect, negative affect and life satisfaction variables, respectively. Conclusion: In sum, these finding show that the part of available variance in emotional well-being and life satisfaction in the context of prediction these cognitive and emotional components by internal/external religious orientations and perceived social support, accounted for persons' health-promoting lifestyle behaviors.