Showing 16 results for Type of Study: Applicable
Sara Moradi Kelardeh, Fereydoon Yaryari, Mohammad Hossein Abdollahi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (11-2016)
Abstract
The applications of electrical stimulation of the brain , which include invasive and non-invasive methods , are now burgeoning in the fields of neuroscience. The aim of this study, was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in reducing the smoke craving and the rates of stress. Therefore, using random sampling and snowball method, in the population of smokers in the students of kharazmi university, we selected 20 subjects and assigned them in experimental and control group. The instrument used in this study, was the smoking urge questionnaire (SCQ) and stress subscale of depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS). Analysis of covariance and t-test of diminished scores showed that there are significant differences between groups in rates of craving and stress in post-test stage (respectively, 0.035 & 0.000, p<0.05).in addition, the number of used cigarette reduced after interventions (0.029,p<0.05). Generally, tDCS had an effective role in reduction of smoke craving and stress in experimental group.
Sogand Ghasemzadeh, Minoo Matbou Riahi, Zahra Alavi, Mitra Hasanzadeh,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (2-2018)
Abstract
Separation anxiety is a kind of disorder that has a direct relationship with parenting style. Family based intervention and play therapy is a comprehensive program including training sessions for parents which focus on improving interpersonal relationships
, establishing a healthy and positive interaction in the family
, controlling family anger, investigating communication barriers in marital relationships, educating children and providing play therapy for children. Objective of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of family based intervention and play therapy in parenting style and stress of mothers and clinical symptoms of children with separation anxiety disorder. Present research is a semi-experimental study in which there were two groups of 14 subjects along with pre-test and post-test. Statistical population of the present study included all clients of a counseling centers in Tehran city who has been diagnosed with separation anxiety disorder. Therefore, to select some samples, availability sampling method was used. Analysis of the research data with multivariate covariance analysis method showed that there was a significant difference between the parenting style and stress of mothers and clinical symptoms of children with separation anxiety disorder in both experimental and control group. This intervention had a significant effect on the parenting style of mothers and the reduction of parenting stress and it also reduced clinical symptoms in children with separation anxiety disorder.
Mehri Mowlaie, Nader Hajloo, Goodarz Sadeghi Hashjin, Niloofar Mikaeili, Shima Heidari,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (5-2018)
Abstract
Separation anxiety disorder has high prevalence and lead to demolishing effects on quality of life, the aim of the present research was to examine the confirmatory factor analysis of adult separation anxiety disorder questionnaire in Iranian university students. Among three hundred and ten students, 180 males and 130 females were selected by convenient sampling method and responded to adult separation anxiety disorder questionnaire and depression, anxiety and stress scale. The results of the present research showed that factor analysis using principle component method lead to extract 5 factors of ASA-27. Factors included: separation anxiety, worry about significant others, sleep disturbances, talking a lot, worry about hurting significant others. Reliability of the questionnaire via Cronbach's alpha was 0/88 and correlations between scores of test-retest were 0/64 that indicates high reliability. The result of the present research showed that Persian version of adult separation anxiety disorder and its 5 subscales has desirable reliability in university samples and is appropriate tool for screening this disorder.
Saeed Akbari Zardkhaneh, Nader Mansurkiaie, Alimohammad Zanganeh, Mojtaba Mahdavi, Shirin Osanloo, Mohsen Jallalat-Danesh, Siamak Tahmasbi Garmtani, Seyyed Eynollah Teymourifard,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2019)
Abstract
Adolescents’ mental health is important in any society and protecting their mental health help them to be mentally and physically healthy adult who can play their social role as they should. The present study aimed to develop a self-report scale for high school student’s mental health. A pool item of 200 items was developed and after the first edition, 119 items were selected for preliminary scale. The target population of the present study was high school students of Alborz, Kermanshah, Eastern Azerbaijan, Sistan & Baluchestan, Fars, and Khorasan Razavi in 2016-17. The sample includes 642 students who were selected by random sampling. Explanatory Factor analysis with varimax rotation indicated six-factor structure as the simplest factorial solution which consisted with theoretical background. In addition, all the subscale had good reliability which ranged between 0.63 (for disruptive behavior) to 0.85 (for academic achievement deficit, self-regulation, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and self-harm). In general, results showed good psychometric properties for this mental health scale among high school students. This scale could be used for assessing behavioral and emotional problems for clinical, or research aims among adolescents in Iran.
Hossein Zare, Fatemeh Eisazadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (6-2020)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between disease control perception and risk perception with self-care behaviors in patients discharged from hospital due to COVID-19 in Bushehr Province. The statistical population of the present study includes all patients discharged from the hospital due to Covid-19 in Bushehr Province, which was estimated 167 people and the sample size was 120 people based on the Cochran's formula. The sampling method was voluntary and available. The research data were analyzed using the statistical software AMOS and using path analysis method. Findings indicated that the proposed model of the relationships between the mentioned variables has a favorable fit and all the paths of the proposed model are significant. Given the significant effect of control perception and risk perception on the prediction of people get infected COVID-19 and the possibility of manipulation and training these variables, the results of this study have applications to increase self-care behaviors and then reduce the risk of COVID-19 in people and these results can be used practically in ministries, offices, publications, etc. leading to reduce the wasted costs (living and financial) for COVID-19.
Sara Ghasemzadeh Barki, Mahnaz Shahgholian Ghahfarokhi,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract
Stress is one of the mental disorders is one of the effective factors in the incidence of negative effects during pregnancy that can lead to adverse physical and mental consequences in pregnant women. Pregnant women with the prevalence of Covid 19 disease due to the experience of quarantine and fear of infection the disease and losing the embryo have increased stress and mental health problems, which have added to the problems of pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in redacting perceived stress in pregnant women during the Covid -19 pandemic. This research was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test and follow up with control group. The sample population consisted of 30 Pregnant Women who were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The present research tools are the perceived stress questionnaire (cohen, 1983) and acceptance and commitment therapy (Hayes, 2013). The experimental group received the acceptance and commitment therapy for 8 sessions, each for 90 minutes as online, and The control not received any intervention. Data analysis was performed by the Repeated measures analysis method. The finding indicates that acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) led to reducing perceived stress in pregnant women (P<_ 0.01). Considering the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), it can be mentioned that to improve the mental health of Pregnant Women and relieve their stress during the Covid 19 pandemic, which leads to physical and mental damage to mother and child, such these Interventions seem necessary and important.
Hannaneh Panahipour, Nahid Hoseininezhad, Mahsima Pourshahriari,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2022)
Abstract
One of the most common childhood disorders is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its interaction with parental behaviors. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) on reducing verbal and non-verbal violence of mothers and symptoms of ADHD in preschool children. The method of the study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included preschool children with ADHD symptoms and their mothers in Tehran. Twenty of these children and their mothers were selected using convenience sampling method and were matched and randomly assigned in experimental (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 90 minutes in PCIT sessions. The instruments included the Connors’ Parent Rating Scale and the Parent Behavior Screening. Data analysis using MANCOVA in SPSS version 22 showed that the scores of verbal and non-verbal violence of mothers, also the symptoms of ADHD decreased in the post-test compared to the pre-test (p <0.001) and treatment has a significant effect on reducing mothers’ verbal and non-verbal violence and symptoms of ADHD. It can be concluded PCIT could decrease the severity of ADHD symptoms in children and mothers' verbal and non-verbal violence.
Aynollah Naderi, Marzieh Malziri, Shahabeddin Bagheri,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Personality traits are one of the three categories of psychosocial variables affecting stress response in the stress-injury model and have attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years. Accordingly, the current study aims to investigate the relationship between mental toughness and locus of control with the occurrence of sports injuries in soccer players. The present study was a prospective cohort study that was carried out in Khoramabad city during 1401-1399. The statistical sample consisted of 122 soccer players with ages 14 to 17 years. dispositional resilience and a sport locus of control scales were used to evaluate mental toughness and locus of control, respectively. Our study results showed that mental toughness is a personality trait that has a direct relationship with sports injuries (p<0.05), while internal and external locus of control did not show a direct relationship with sports injuries (p>0.05). According to the present study result for every point of reduction in mental toughness, the odds of sports injuries increase by 11% (p<0.05). Soccer players who have less mental toughness may be more prone to sports injuries. Coaches and sports psychology specialists, to reduce the risk of sports injuries, can work on the mental toughness of soccer players.
Miss Sara Esfandyari Garkerudi, Dr. Abbas Abolghasemi, Dr. Seyyed Mousa Kafi,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Despite abundant research, there are still ambiguities and challenges about such variables as thought control strategies, valued living and appearance-based rejection sensitivity in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder. This descriptive) casual-comparative( study compared thought control strategies, valued living and appearance-based rejection sensitivity among college students with and without body dysmorphic disorder. Out of the statistical population of the study, all male and female students of Guilan University in the academic year of 1399-1400, 110 individuals with body dysmorphic disorder and 163 individuals without body dysmorphic disorder were sampled based on availability sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaires on thought control, valued living and appearance-based rejection sensitivity. The results showed that in the students with body dysmorphic disorder, thought control strategies and appearance-based rejection sensitivity were significantly higher and valued living was significantly lower (p≤0.01). As for the thought control strategies, the body dysmorphic disorder students used worry, punishment and social control to a greater extent, and strategies of distraction and reappraisal to a lesser extent; concerning valued living, the importance and consistency attributed to domains of valued living was lower in the body dysmorphic students (p<0.01). These findings have implications for the pathology, prevention and treatment of the disorder.
Doctor Tahere Elahi, Afagh Zolfaghari,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
The presentstudy was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of interpersonal communication skills, personalitytraits and family cohesion with the mediating role of loneliness in the psychological problems of the physical disabled during social distancing. This correlational study byconvenience sampling method was done on 133of Physical disabled in Tehran in2020. For collecting data, the Anxiety, Stress, and Depression Scale(DASS-21), theMatson InterpersonalCommunication Skills Scale, the Samani Family Cohesion Scale (2002), the Neo Personality Traits, and the Russell Loneliness Scale were used. Pearson correlation coefficients betweenfamily cohesion and interpersonal communication skills with anxiety, stress and depression and between neuroticism with anxiety,Loneliness with stress, interpersonal communication skills and family cohesion were significant. The results of Multivariate regression analysis in hierarchical method showed that all of variablesinterpersonal communication skills, family cohesion,Personality Traits and loneliness accounted for61% of the variance in the psychological problems of the physically disabled. The mediating role of loneliness with R3% was significant. interpersonal communication skills and neuroticism with beta coefficient -0.69and0.113 acordingly were significsnt predictors of psychologicsl problems, too. According to these results, Lack of interpersonal communication skills and tendency to experience negative emotions mediated by loneliness has been an important factor in aggravating the psychological problems of physicaldisabled.
Mis Mandana Vali Yousefi, Mis Zahra Shahbazi Badi, Mr Seyed Sajad Tabatabaei,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to meta-analyze the research on the effect of having a child with a mental disability on the mental health of mothers in Iran. The research method was meta-analysis. A meta-analysis checklist was used to collect data. The collection of researches on the effect of having a mentally retarded child on the mental health of parents in the country between 2001-2011, methodologically acceptable researches that had the conditions to enter the meta-analysis, 11The article was selected as a sample that contained 44 sizes of works. The total sample size of this study was 2005. The results showed that the effect of having a mentally retarded child on maternal mental health in Iran was 0.20. Also, the effect of having a child with mental disability on mothers' depression is 0.16, on mothers' anxiety is 0.19, on mothers' social dysfunction is 0.18, on mothers' physical symptoms is 0.10, on mothers' obsession-compulsion is 0.40, aggression Mothers were 0.15, maternal morbidity was 0.22 and maternal psychosis was 0.24. The results of the present study indicated that the effect of a mentally retarded child on the mental health of parents in Iran is low based on the Cohen interpretation criterion.
Malihe Pazooki, Khadige Abolmalihoseini,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
This research aimed to validate and validate Ferguson and Negi's (2014) Dramatic Personality Disorder questionnaire in college students. The research method was descriptive-contextualization. The statistical population of this research included undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students who were studying in the universities of Tehran in the academic year of 2019. 307 students were selected as a sample using online sampling (available). Ferguson and Nagy's (2014) expressive personality questionnaire and MMPI scale were used to collect data. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the items of this questionnaire had the necessary power to measure the components of seduction, attracting attention and dramatic personality symptoms, and Cronbach's alpha of the mentioned components was 0.78 and 0.69, respectively, and the overall internal consistency of the questionnaire was equal to 0.7, the total score of the personality syndrome questionnaire was positively correlated with the scores of the psychological/social deviance, paranoia, mental weakness and schizophrenia components of the MMPI at a significance level of 0.01. Therefore, the questionnaire of demonstrative personality syndromes has good validity and reliability, and its use in research and treatment work is recommended to researchers and therapists.Key words: personality, Theatrical character, standardization, validity, reliability.
Dr Mojtaba Aghili, Mrs Masoomeh Zarif, Dr Ensiyeh Babaee,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological symptoms, quality of life and stress in patients with physical symptoms disorder. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of people with physical symptoms who referred to psychological counseling centers in West Tehran in 2001, and 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and placed in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The research tools were questionnaires on psychological symptoms by Najarian and Davoudi (2010), quality of life by War et al. (1993) and perceived stress by Cohen et al. (1983). The research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance test. The findings showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment is effective on psychological symptoms, quality of life and stress in patients with physical symptoms disorder. The results of the research indicate that treatment based on acceptance and commitment by using cognitive skills leads to a reduction in psychological symptoms, perceived stress and an increase in the quality of life of patients with physical symptoms.
Rezvan Amirzargar, Dr Mohammadali Besharat,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Stress, as a common factor in life today, has profound effects on heart health. This article examines the relationship between stress and heart diseases and examines the role of psychological factors in this process. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of stress management in heart diseases. The research method is descriptive and analytical in terms of the fundamental goal and in terms of the data collection method. Finally, it has been concluded that stress management is effective in improving previous diseases and stress management strategies include: reducing depression, controlling anger, avoiding hostility, reducing social isolation, reducing anxiety, personality factors, having spiritual health, controlling the situation Social/Economic. As a result, managing stress and strengthening positive psychological factors is important as a strategy to prevent heart diseases and improve heart health. Recommendations include developing stress coping skills, promoting regular physical activity, promoting stress management educational processes, encouraging a positive attitude, and promoting a healthy lifestyle.
Mr Omid Rouhafza, Dr Arezou Asghari,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and mutual behavior analysis on interpersonal reactivity, self-control, and cognitive discipline of aggressive teenagers. The research design was semi-experimental in the pre-test-post-test manner with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population was the aggressive students of second secondary school for boys in Gorgan city in the academic year 2022-2023, using the cluster method, 45 students were randomly selected in three groups of 15 (dialectical behavior therapy experiment 1, interaction behavior analysis experiment 2 and the control group) were replaced. The research tools were the interpersonal reactivity questionnaires of Davis (1983), Tanji's self-control (2004), Granofsky and Kraij's (2001) emotion regulation, and Bass Perry's aggression (1992). Research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS version 22 software. The findings showed that the effectiveness of the dialectical behavior therapy group was more than the mutual behavior analysis group. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that dialectical behavior therapy by identifying the previous defective patterns of thoughts and feelings, accepting and validating emotions leads to the improvement of interpersonal reactivity, self-control and cognitive regulation of aggressive teenagers' emotions.
Masoumeh Modanloo, Mahmoud Najafi,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of anxiety and depression in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The research method was descriptive and of the correlation type (structural equation modeling). From among the general population of social media users in 2022, 350 people were selected according to the entry criteria by voluntary sampling method. The tools used in this research included the Revised scale of obsessive–compulsive Syndrome (Foa and et al), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Bernstein & Stein), Beck Anxiety Inventory & Beck Depression Inventory-II. Pearson's correlation test and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. The results showed that childhood abuse has a direct and significant relationship with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and anxiety and depression play a mediating role in the relationship between childhood abuse and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and overall, the results show that the model fits well. According to the obtained results, it can be said that childhood trauma, anxiety and depression play an important role in the formation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. In general, it can be concluded that childhood trauma can cause obsessive-compulsive symptoms by affecting anxiety and depression.
