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Showing 10 results for Schema

Mohsen Mirzaee Garakani, Ali Asghar Asgharnejad Farid, Fahimeh Fathali Lavasani, Pantea Ahadian Fard,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract

The goal of this research was to compare the emotional Schemas and to study the relationship between anxiety, worry and emotional Schema in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive disorder, Social anxiety disorder and in normal group. The sample of the study included 90 Participants (30 patients with obsessive–Compulsive disorder, 30 patients with social anxiety disorder, and 30 normal subjects). Participants completed Schemas Scale Leahy (LESS), Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). People with social anxiety disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder had significant difference compared to the normal group in the schemas of the comprehensibility, control, consensus, guilt and rumination. However, in the schema of guilt those with obsessive-compulsive disorder were significantly different from those afflicted with social anxiety disorder. Some aspects of emotional schemas in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and social anxiety were different from the normal group and the anxiety and worry were associated with some aspects of the emotional schemas.
Naeime Tahery Moghadam, Mohammad Ehsan Taghizadeh, Ali Asghar Kakojoibary, Anita Alaghmand,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to study the effect of schema therapy on the reduction of the automatic negative thought and on the increase of the self-esteem in female patients afflicted with depression who went to the psychiatry center in Arak city. Population of the study was included all female patients hospitalized in this center, of these subjects, 38 subjects were selected through the availability sampling method and were put into two groups: experimental group and control group. Both groups completed the automatic negative thought scale and Coopersmith self-esteem inventory. It should be said that during the study the subject used their own drugs and no change occurred in the amount of the drugs they previously took furthermore, the two groups were the same in terms of the education and age. Then, the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of schema therapy (in each weak two two-hour sessions were held). Following one month, the two groups completed the questionnaires again. There were 15 subjects left in each group. The obtained data were analyzed by covariance analysis and kruskal – wallis nonparametric test. The results showed the effect of schema therapy on the reduction of the variable of belief and on the increase of self-esteem in comparison to the control group. However, in frequency variable of the automatic negative thought no significant change happened.
Nazila Eyvani, Robabeh Noury, Mohammad Hatami,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (3-2014)
Abstract

Interpersonal relationship other sex, has an important effect in youth psychological wellness and successful marriage. This study purpose is to investigate the part of each of maladaptive schemas in determining of quality of friendship or intimate relationship with other sex. Participants were 196 single female students with a friendship with other sex. Participants were chosen by cluster sampling from Karaj universities. They answered to three questionnaires: early maladaptive schemas, short form (young, 2006) quality of relationship scale (Sarason, 1983). Statistic methods were correlation and step by step regression. Findings concealed the negative effect of maladaptive schemas on quality of relationship. "Subjugation" determined 16% of conflict. Mistrust /abuse determined 36% of low perceived support, while self-sacrifice and insufficient Self-Control/Self-Discipline determined 5% of low perceived support. Social isolation determined 10%, and enmeshed self 4% of low depth. According to the results of this study, it will be beneficial to emphasize on these discovered schemas to determine the client's vulnerability in close relationship with other sex. And also to improve their relationships with increasing self-awareness, teaching interpersonal skill and schema therapy.
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Volume 9, Issue 4 (2-2016)
Abstract

This research has been developed with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and cognitive behavior therapy on the self-efficacy of lifestyle related to weight and weight loss .In order to achieve this goal, through a semi-experimental design with a pretest and a posttest , all female students of Bu Ali Sina university whose index of body mass was between 25 and 35 were interviewed ,and then 30 of them who had the criteria of participating in schema therapy and cognitive behavior therapy sessions were chosen as the available samples and then were put randomly  into three groups (two experimental groups and a control group).The first group received schema therapy for 10 one-hour sessions, the second group received cognitive behavior therapy for 10 one-hour sessions and the third group as the control group received no intervention. The gathered data were analyzed through covariance analysis. The results showed that both schema therapy and cognitive behavior therapy had a positive effect on the improvement of the self-efficacy of lifestyle related to weight gain and weight loss. However, the efficacy of the schema therapy was more than the efficacy of the cognitive behavior therapy. Furthermore, no change occurred in the control group during the process of assessment. Generally, both schema therapy and cognitive behavior therapy had an effect on the increase of the sense of control over areas of lifestyle related to weight and weight control.


Jamileh Zarei, Reza Pour Hosein, Azam Tarafdari, Mojtaba Habibi Askar Abd, Maryam Babakhani,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract

Purpose: there are several factors which mentioned in sexual health. In overall, biological, psychological and cultural factors effect on sexual health. The aim of this study was the investigation of predictive role of biological and psychological factors with the mediator role of cultural factors in sexual health. In this regard, direct and indirect effects of these variables were investigated  to predict sexual health.

Method: the instruments of this study included ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire, Beck self-concept scale, Bem's gender schemas questionnaire, Sherer's self-efficacy questionnaire, Amz's Narcissistic personality inventory,  quality of object relations inventory,Brief Index of Sexual Functioning for Women (BISF-W), and checklist of menopause symptoms, which performed on 307 women in Tehran between 1393-1394.

Findings: results suggest that cultural factors effect directly on sexual health. In addition, biological and psychological predict sexual health in direct and indirect (with the mediator role of cultural factors) way.

Conclusion: results show that this model is acceptable for explaining sexual health in menopausal women.


Mohammad-Naghi Farahani, Hamid Khanipour,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (2-2017)
Abstract

Resource congruent model of stress emphasized on the role of cultural schemas and also heterogeneity of coping styles. The aime of this study was to investigate factor structure of coping schema inventory (CSI) which was created based on resourch congruent model. We selected 1۰۴۶ Iranian student who speak in Persian, Kurdish, Lurish and gilaki languages by multistage cluster method. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis have been used for assessing psychometric properties. Finding showd that a six factor solution was the best fitted by the pattern in data. These six factor model explained 38% variance of coping schemas inventory. Coping schemas which was identified by factor analysis were religious, situational, passive emotional, acceptance, social support and active emotional. Internal consistency (cronbaches alpha) were calculated 0/65-0/84 for subscales of CSI.It seemed in Iranian culrure coping schemas including situational, religious, passive emotions, social support, acceptance and active emotion was more available and also more usable than other coping schema including self-restructuring, meaning, and tensition reduction. This pattern of results was consisted with predictions of resource congruent model of coping with stress. 


Himan Naderzadeh, Mahdea Salehy, Marjan Jafariroshan, Roya Kochakentazar,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract

Clinical and epidemiological studies have proved the role of cognitive processes in the formation and continuity of social anxiety. This study aimed to predict the social anxiety symptoms among adolescents based on the early maladaptive schemas and cognitive distortions. Population included all junior high-school students in Marivan city and among whom 400 students (200 males and 200 females) were selected as samples. To select sample size, the researcher referred to the selected high schools and distributed Connor’s social phobia index questionnaire among students who were suspicious of suffering from social anxiety (diagnosed by schools consultants and consistent with symptoms indicated in DSM-V). Upon the completion of the questionnaire, the students with confirmed social anxiety disorder were randomly selected as the sampling of the study. Data were gathered using social anxiety questionnaire, early maladaptive schemas questionnaire (short form) and cognitive distortions questionnaire. The collected data analyzed using Structural Equation Model. The results showed the structural model was fit. Five areas of the early maladaptive schemas (disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and performance, impaired limits, directedness, over-vigilance, and inhibition) can predict 63% of social anxiety. There was a direct and significant correlation between the variables of the early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety. Bootstrapping analysis revealed cognitive distortions served as a mediator between the early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety symptoms. The results of this study supported the role of the early maladaptive schemas as a vulnerability factor in social anxiety and the role of cognitive distortions as a linking mechanism between the early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety.

Kobra Ghasemi, Tahereh Elahi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (12-2019)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of experiential avoidance in relationship of early maladaptive schemas with illness anxiety.  The research was carried out using correlation method on 308 students of Qazvin University who were selected with convenience sampling method. Data were collected using Early maladaptive Scheme (Young), hypochondrias (Evans) and Acceptance and Action Questionnaires (Hayes). Results showed a significant role of schemas of impaired autonomy - performance and impaired limits domains in illness anxiety. Also, the role of vulnerability to harm or illness and entitlement/undeveloped schemas was significant predictor of illness anxiety. The results of hierarchical regression showed that the mediating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between vulnerability to harm or illness and entitlement/ undeveloped schemas with illness anxiety severity was significant. It could be concluded the experiential avoidance and early maladaptive schemas were contributed in the maintenance of illness anxiety.   
 

Ms Arefeh Ranjbar, Ms Maryam Janfada,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (2-2022)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of early maladaptive schemas and Stress Coping Strategies of mothers on the quality of life of children 1 to 6 years old during the COVID-19 Epidemic. The method of this study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included all mothers with children aged 1 to 6 yearsThe sample consisted of 325 mothers who completed the questionnaires online. Data were collected using Early Maladaptive Scheme (YSQ- SF), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (Ciss), TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life Questionnaire (TAPQOL). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of multiple regression. Results showed 32% of quality of life of children variance during COVID-19 Epidemic can be explained by early maladaptive schemas and Stress Coping Strategies of mothers.The results of regression analyses revealed that maladaptive schemas of Emotional deprivation, Abandonment, Social Isolation, Defectiveness / Shame, Dependence, Vulnerability to harm or illness, Enmeshment/underdeveloped self and  Unrelenting standards of mothers predicts on the quality of life of children during the COVID-19 Epidemic.Thus , training of appropriate strategies for mothers to reduce the maladaptive schemas and to teach proper coping strategies For increase quality of life of children is essential.

Dr Abdolsamad Nikan, Ahmad Torabi, Zahra Mohseninasab, Asie Bahadori, Zeinab Javanmard, Masoome Hosinirad,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on stress, resilience, emotional regulation and psychological well-being of cardiovascular patients. The research method is practical in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research includes cardiovascular patients in Tehran in 1401. According to the nature of the study method, the size of the statistical sample was 30 people. The research tools are Connor and Davidson's resilience questionnaire, Rief's psychological well-being questionnaire, Cohen's perceived stress questionnaire and Garnevsky's emotion regulation questionnaire. It was found that schema therapy has been effective on the resilience of cardiovascular patients, cognitive therapy based on mindfulness has been effective on the stress of cardiovascular patients, schema therapy has been effective on emotional regulation of cardiovascular patients, cognitive therapy based on mindfulness has been effective on emotional regulation of patients Cardiovascular has been effective, schema therapy has been effective on the psychological well-being of cardiovascular patients, cognitive therapy based on mindfulness has been effective on the psychological well-being of cardiovascular patients; It was also found that schema therapy was more effective than cognitive therapy based on mindfulness.
 

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