SPACE ECONOMY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT
اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی
Literature & Humanities
http://serd.khu.ac.ir
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admin
2322-2131
2588-476X
8
doi
14
4444
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jalali
1399
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1
gregorian
2021
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fulltext
fa
اثرات کارآفرینی روستایی در توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری شهرستان کرمانشاه
The Impact of Rural Entrepreneurship on Urban Peripheral Spaces Development of Kermanshah County
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">کارآفرینی بهعنوان یک فرآیند اقداماتی نوظهور و ایجاد ارزش در مکانهای جغرافیایی است که در صورت برنامه</span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ریزی و مدیریت عقلایی میتواند سرمایهای برای توسعه فضای اجتماعی و جغرافیایی باشد. جریان­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">های</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"> کارآفرینانه روستایی، شکل</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">گیری بنگاه</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">های اقتصادی خرد و بازتاب</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">پذیری و نقش</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">پذیری کارآفرینان در جریان-های توسعه</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ای نواحی پیرامون شهرهای بزرگ، می</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">تواند دگرگونی</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">های مکانی ـ فضایی را سبب شده و در توسعه کلانشهر نقش قابلتوجهی داشته باشد، بر این اساس، مقاله حاضر باهدف تبیین اثرات کارآفرینی روستایی در توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری شهرستان کرمانشاه بر پایه</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ی روش فرایندی نگرش چندبعدی کارآفرینی طراحی شد. روش پژوهش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی و گردآوری اطلاعات به شیوه میدانی و پرسشنامه</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ای بود. جامعه آماری شامل 21 روستای کارآفرین بافاصله کمتر از 20 کیلومتر از کلانشهر بود؛ این روستاها به دلیل حضور کارآفرینان و پیوستگی مکانی ـ فضایی با شهرستان کرمانشاه، با چالش</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ها و مسائل بیش از دیگر نواحی روستایی روبرو بوده و بر توسعه شهرستان اثرگذار بودند. برای تحلیل اثرات از آزمون</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">های همبستگی و رگرسیون چندگانه در نرمافزار </span></strong><span dir="LTR">SPSS20</span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"> </span><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">استفاده شد. یافته</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;">­</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ها نشان داد بین متغیرهای روحیه کارآفرینی افراد، فرآیند اقتصادی و محیطی حاکم بر روستا و توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری رابطه مثبت و معنیداری در سطح یک درصد خطا برقرار است. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نیز نشان داد که متغیرهای کارآفرینی روستایی (روحیه کارآفرینی افراد، فرآیند اقتصادی و محیط (بیرونی و درونی) حاکم بر روستا)، تأثیر معنیداری بر توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری داشته و توانایی تبیین 96 درصد از تغییرات متغیر توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری شهرستان را دارد. مهمترین متغیر اثرگذار نیز متغیر محیطی تشخیص داده شد.</span></strong></span><strong><span dir="LTR"></span></strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"><strong>Introduction</strong><br>
Rural Entrepreneurship is a process of emerging actions and value creation in geographical places. If planned and rationally managed, it can be an investment in the development of social and geographical space in rural areas. Rural entrepreneurial streams, the formation of micro-enterprises and the reflectivity and role-playing of entrepreneurs in the development of areas around large cities, can cause spatial-local changes in development. Accordingly, the present article was designed with the aim of analyzing the effects of rural entrepreneurship in the development of suburban spaces in Kermanshah based on the process method of multidimensional entrepreneurial attitude.<br>
<br>
<strong>Research Methods</strong><br>
The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population is those rural settlements that have a history of agricultural activities and water and land capacities and under the demand pressure and condition went through changes such as replacing the cultivation of new crops instead of traditional ones, patterns of cultivation and more intensive cultivation. A total number of 21 entrepreneur villages of urban peripheral spaces located in Baladarband and Miyandarband Rural Districts in the central district of Kermanshah city in the period of (2016-2017) was included 38 active entrepreneurs less than 20 km away from Kermanshah metropolis. Since the number of rural entrepreneurs in the city was limited, in order to increase the accuracy of the research, a complete enumeration was used. A process approach to entrepreneurship in suburban areas is a multidimensional approach. In this view, entrepreneurship is a multidimensional and complex framework that emphasizes the individual, the environment, the organization, and the process of the economic project. According to Kuratko and Hodgest 2004, this type of process shifts entrepreneurship from a fragmented school of thought to a dynamic and interactive process approach that constitutes the variables and items measured in this study. The method of data collection was field method (questionnaire); its face validity was confirmed and its validity and reliability were obtained by using Cronbach's alpha test for the variables of external and internal environment of entrepreneurship in the suburban area of 0.72, which indicated the appropriateness of the research tool. For this purpose, first the dimensions and concepts of identifying the suburban areas of the central district of Kermanshah city are inferred and determined according to the typology of the suburban areas. Then, correlation and multiple regression tests in SPSS20 software were used to analyze the effects.<br>
<br>
<strong>Discussion and Conclusion</strong><br>
Findings indicate that entrepreneurship in the central district of Kermanshah, from a spatial perspective, is the space of functions such as some agricultural and industrial activities (such as production sites) organic fertilizers, cut flowers, production of new crops instead of traditional crops, etc.), tourism and recreation that cannot be placed in Kermanshah due to lack of sufficient space. Conceptually, it has been associated with rapid social and economic growth. From an institutional point of view, it is very complex and sometimes confusing in the field of management due to the presence of formal and informal stakeholders, and this complexity has often led to the failure of economic activities in this region. In other words, from the perspective of the urban peripheral entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurial areas of the central district of Kermanshah city are structurally-physically in the category of rural urban peripheral spaces (rural places with urban awareness and thinking), which are not close to the city center and distance from the city (maximum 20 km). However, due to the presence of entrepreneurs and the spatial connection with the metropolis of Kermanshah, they have caused changes and are experiencing a kind of urban life. The results also showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables of entrepreneurial spirit of individuals, economic and environmental process in rural areas and the development of suburban spaces at the level of one percent error. The results of regression analysis showed that the variables of rural entrepreneurship (entrepreneurial spirit of individuals, economic process and environment (external and internal) governing the village), have a significant effect on the development of suburban spaces and have the ability to explain 96% of changes in suburban spaces. The most important influential variable was the environmental variable. In this study, among the multiple dimensions of entrepreneurship, the most important variable in the development of suburban spaces was identified as the internal and external environment of rural space, Entrepreneurs' role in the environment includes the currents and peripheral spaces that govern entrepreneurship, such as people, experiences, social, economic, political, technology and related constructive interactions between the entrepreneur and the environment, can be concluded external elements affect the entrepreneur and his personality and in some cases create ideal conditions in which the entrepreneur can discover opportunities and take advantage of them. Therefore, it is proposed to control the flows and forces (economic, social, technological and political) that impact the entrepreneurs and their businesses from the external environment of the villages over time.</span></div>
کارآفرینی روستایی, اقتصاد روستایی, فضاهای پیراشهری, بنگاههای اقتصادی خرد, کرمانشاه
Rural Entrepreneurship, Rural Economic, Urban Peripheral Spaces, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Kermanshah
63
82
http://serd.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-274&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Horieh
Moradi
حوریه
مرادی
moradi.ho@lu.ac.ir
10031947532846005159
10031947532846005159
Yes
Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
استادیار جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد، ایران
Farhad
Javan
فرهاد
جوان
10031947532846005160
10031947532846005160
No
Ph.D in Geography and Rural Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
دکتری جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
Sepideh
Amraei
سپیده
امرایی
10031947532846005161
10031947532846005161
No
M.Sc in Geography and Tourism Planning, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد جغرافیا و برنامهریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد، ایران
Maryam
Beiranvandrad
مریم
بیرانوندراد
10031947532846005162
10031947532846005162
No
M.Sc in Geography and Tourism Planning, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد جغرافیا و برنامهریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد، ایران