SPACE ECONOMY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT
اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی
Literature & Humanities
http://serd.khu.ac.ir
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jalali
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2022
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ارائه الگوی توسعه بوم گردی مطلوب در نواحی روستایی شهرستان کرمان
Providing a model for the development of eco-tourism in rural areas Kerman county
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">امروزه بوم­گردی یکی از ابعاد مهم تحول، تنوع و رونق اقتصاد جوامع روستایی خصوصا در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، روستاهای تاریخی و جوامع سنتی و محلی بشمار می­رود. از آنجا که بوم­گردی دارای زمینه­ ها، ظرفیت ­ها، الگوها و جنبه­ های متفاوتی است تشخیص الگوها و ترویج و تقویت الگوهای متناسب با شرایط هر روستا لازمه برنامه­ ریزی توسعه بوم</span></b><b><span b="" lang="FA" nazanin="">­</span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">گردی روستایی است. لذا هدف از پژوهش حاضر ارائه الگوی توسعه بوم­گردی مطلوب در نواحی روستایی شهرستان کرمان متناسب با شرایط خاص روستاها و دهستان ­ها است. پژوهش</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">به روش</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">توصیفی</span></b><b><span calibri="" dir="LTR">-</span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin=""> تحلیلی</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">انجام شده و</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">از</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">نوع</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">پژوهش­ های کاربردی</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">است.</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">برای</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">جمع ­آوری</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">داده ­های</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">مورد نیاز، از</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">مطالعات</span></b><b> </b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">اسنادی و روش پیمایشی استفاده شد. جامعه­ ای آماری پژوهش شامل 16 دهستان شهرستان کرمان است؛ که 17 روستای گردشگرپذیر و دارای اقامتگاه­ های بومگردی از میان 521 روستای دارای سکنه انتخاب شد. از طرفی نمونه­ گیری در سطح جامعه میزبان روستاهای شهرستان کرمان انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ­ها به روش مدل­سازی معادلات ساختاری انجام شد. طبق نتایج تحقیق؛ در مجموع الگوی مطلوب توسعه بوم­گردی دهستان­ های شهرستان کرمان؛ الگوی منفعتی یا رویکرد توانمندسازی اقتصادی خواهد بود. به طور مقایسه ­ای نیز نتایج نشان داد الگوی مطلوب توسعه بوم­گردی دهستان­ های کشیت و ماهان؛ الگوی امنیتی است. مقدار بار عاملی مشاهده شده در الگوی امنیتی در بین ابعاد تبین کننده توسعه بوم­گردی بیش از 3/0 است که نشان میدهد همبستگی چشمگیری بین متغیرهای قابل مشاهده با متغیرهای پنهان مربوط به خود وجود دارد. بدین معنا که در توسعه بوم­گردی این دهستان­ ها مطلوب است ثبات سیاسی، امنیت عمومی و شخصی، کاهش جرایم داخل محیط روستا خصوصا داخل خانه­ ها، و خارج از محیط روستا خصوصاً در جاده ­ها و مناطق بکر مد نظر قرار گیرد. نهایتاً الگوی توسعه بوم­گردی دیگر دهستان­ های شهرستان نیز ارائه شد.</span></b></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Introduction </span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Today, eco-tourism is one of the essential aspects of transformation, diversity and economic prosperity of rural communities, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, historical villages and traditional and local communities. Since eco-tourism has different contexts, capacities, patterns and aspects, it is necessary to identify and promote and strengthen patterns appropriate to the conditions of each village for planning the development of rural eco-tourism. Kerman Province has 330 eco-tourism units; most of these accommodation units have recently been set up in villages and tourist areas. Kerman County has always been the focus of tourists due to its historical background and the conditions governing the nature of this region. Considering the importance of tourism activities and eco-tourism in developing rural areas, hence improving the living conditions of the communities, this study analyzes the ability of eco-tourism attractions in Kerman County. Therefore, the central question of the research is, what will be the ideal model of eco-tourism development in the villages of Kerman County?</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> Methodology</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">In terms of the objective, the current research is applied research, and its nature is descriptive-analytical. Collecting information combines two library methods (documents) and survey (field-based questionnaires and interviews). The research questionnaire collects the required information from 37 components in economic, social-cultural, environmental, security, physical-spatial, and several variables. The content validity of the questionnaire was verified from the point of view of professors and experts in the field of geography. Also, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to verify the reliability of many research questions. Cronbach's alpha of most variables is more significant than 0.7, so the reliability of all variables is confirmed. In addition, the average variance extracted is always more than 0.5, so the convergent validity is also confirmed.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
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<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Discussion and conclusion</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">According to the findings, eco-tourism development has generally had positive effects in all dimensions and components, although to different extents. The observed factor load has a value greater than 0.3 in most cases. Therefore, there was a proper correlation between the visible and hidden variables. However, the development of eco-tourism has not been able to be brought up in the villages properly. It is possible to state in a general way the pattern of eco-tourism development in the villages of Kerman city. Generally, the model is based on economic empowerment. In this way, in the first step, rural areas should generally be improved in factors such as unemployment reduction, job diversity and stable employment, stable income, investment of villagers in tourism, entry of non-native investors, product branding, packaging, conversion and Processing all kinds of livestock and agricultural products, creating and expanding local markets, overcoming the inability and dependence or lack of dependence on foreign resources and products (city) and the government for villagers, equal access to opportunities and resources, the dynamics of the supply chain and value in the village, supporting and empowering the deprived sections of the society. Also, the shape of the eco-tourism development pattern for Joshan, Sirach, Mazieh and Akhtarabad Rural Districts is considered physical-spatial, which means that in terms of construction, strengthening of buildings, use of local materials in construction and creation of attractiveness, improvement and widening of roads and bridges, embellishment, lighting of roads need to be improved. In other rural districts like Mahan, a security model is suggested, so political stability, public and personal security, and reduction of crimes and anomalies inside the village and houses, outside the village on roads and virgin areas are more important than other dimensions. In Qanatghistan, environmental aspects like the preservation and expansion of pastures, medicinal plants, water and soil resources, animal life, and new and sustainable energies should be considered. The pattern of development of Rayen and Hossein Abad tourism has a social and cultural format, which includes preserving and expanding customs, the way of holding and organizing celebrations and weddings, mourning, occasions, games, music, dance, show, preservation and expansion of beliefs and cultures and native architecture, preservation of historical buildings (mosques, caravanserais, shrines, castles, tombs, baths); The ideal model for the development of eco-tourism in other villages such as Koirat, Zangi-Abad, Drakhngan, Sar Asiyab, Baghin is an economic and environmental model; Takab and Andohjerd: economic and socio-cultural; And Kashit: physical-spatial and security combined.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
</div>
بوم گردی, اقتصاد روستایی, توسعه بوم گردی, نواحی روستایی, شهرستان کرمان.
Eco-tourism patterns, eco-tourism development, structural equations, rural areas, Kerman County.
139
164
http://serd.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-365&slc_lang=other&sid=1
Marzieh
Pourjopari
مرضیه
پورجوپاری
10031947532846006338
10031947532846006338
No
PhD student of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, Iran
دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.
Abouzar
Paidar
ابوذر
پایدار
aboozarpaidar@gmail.com
10031947532846006339
10031947532846006339
Yes
Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, Iran
استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.
Seyyed Hadi
Tayebnia
سیدهادی
طیب نیا
10031947532846006340
10031947532846006340
No
Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, Iran
استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.
Aliakbar
Anabastani
علی اکبر
عنابستانی
10031947532846006341
10031947532846006341
No
- Professor of the Department of Human Geography and Education, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.