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Volume 1, Issue 1 (4-2014)
Background and Aim: The present investigation intends to compare and review various user interfaces from user standpoint and to ascertain its linkage with user satisfaction.
Method: The research incorporated a descriptive survey of University of Tehran graduate student body. Using a targeted sampling, graduate students from the faculties of chemistry and Biology were selected. The instruments used were: A researcher-constructed questionnaire based on Nielsen’s 10 component model; and QUIS user satisfaction questionnaire. Each database UI were evaluated based on five indicators of general features, search features, retrieval features, display features and user-friendliness.
Results: Findings indicated that with an average of 3.88 the Elsevier database had the highest score. Users surveyed believed that the quality of user interface was in better shape than other UI. One should note that this advantage is not indicative of overall database quality and the relatively better interaction on the part of users could be ascribed to their familiarity with the said database and its resource location process.
Conclusion: The main purpose of designing and developing a database is to accruing user satisfaction in search and retrieval process. Hence User satisfaction directly connected to user interface
Volume 1, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Background and Aim: The present investigation was carried out in order to study the self-archiving behavior displayed by Knowledge and Information Sciences (KIS) faculty members in Iran. It intended to discover the incentives and barriers impacting on this behavior as well as arriving at a baseline for predicting the extent of self-archiving.
Method: A descriptive survey method was deployed. The population investigated, included all KIS faculty members affiliated with universities and research centers supervised by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in Iran.
Results: Based on self-reporting by the population studied, the extent of self-archiving is above average. Self-archiving in personal and corporate websites were more prevalent than institutional and subject repositories. Recognition component was the most important incentive and copyright consideration was the most important barrier to self-archiving by KIS faculty members. Among the 10 factors studied, only the professional recognition component was capable of predicting self-archiving of scientific output in open access websites.
Conclusion: KIS faculty members in Iran welcome open access of their scientific works but there is some obstacles such as copyright that removing it could help to improve current conditions.
Volume 2, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Background and Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the Iranian Personal electronic information management of knowledge and information science and medical Library and Information Sciences faculty members based on the Jones model.
Method: This study is kind of application research and in terms of data collection is descriptive and analytical study. The statistical population included faculty of knowledge and information science and medical library and information science in Iranian state universities. Data were collected by a questionnaire that its validity is confirmed by the ISprofessors, and its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.81). To analyse the data, descriptive and inferential statistic using SPSS statistical software was used.
Results: Analysis of the data showed that the average of activities in finding and re-finding were 4.0101, in storage was 4.0783, in organization was 3.2424, in maintaining were 2.8106, in security were 3.1162, in measuring and evaluation was 3.7803, in making sense of things was 3.9192 and total average personal electronic information management was 3.5659. Findings showed that there was nosignificant difference in the personal electronic information management in terms of gender and organizational affiliation, but in terms of the scientific and age there, there were significant differences among faculty members. The differences were found between the scientific degrees of associate professor and professor, and between the age group 36-45 years old and up to 56 years old.
Conclusion: The results indicated that faculty members in the age group 46-55 years old as well as associate degree had the best performance. Also, faculty members of medical library and information science had been used greater extent personal information management activities and personal information management quality women had better than men. Faculty members had desirable operation to Retrieve and store information, but they do not well maintained this information and do not provide appropriate security measures. In general, management of personal electronic information was in the relatively good level.
Volume 2, Issue 4 (3-2016)
Background and Aim: The aim search was to investigate the relationship between media literacy and information literacy of students of communication and information sciences and knowledge studies, and its impact on their entrepreneurial ability.
Methods: This is a survey correlational method. Population consists of postgraduate students in information science and knowledge and communication sciences at Tehran and Allameh Tabatabai University. Data was collected from two sources: library documents and questionnaires. First, library method was used to examine the theoretical foundations of media literacy, information literacy and entrepreneurship. Then, by careful examination of literature - based on the research model - a questionnaire created and distributed. Data was analyzed by Independent One-Sample t-Test and Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient.
Results: Findings showed that the level of media literacy and information literacy of students is desirable and the level of characteristics of entrepreneurship is relatively desirable.
Conclusion: The Pearson Correlation test showed a significant relationship between the variables of media literacy and information literacy. The impact of information literacy on entrepreneurial ability was confirmed and the impact of media literacy on entrepreneurial ability was rejected.
Volume 3, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Background and Aim: The current research aims to develop a literature-dependent and expert-modified model related to credibility evaluation of web information.
Methods: Regarding the approach, mixed method would be utilized. The research method then is mixed-heuristic using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. In the first stage of the research, meta- synthesis was used as a qualitative research method. Secondly, exploring experts’ points of view was conducted by a Delphi method to develop the conceptual model identified in the first stage.
Results: Using the seven stage mode of meta-synthesis, a model was designed in four layers including concepts, categories, codes and indicators. A set of 68 indicators were incorporated into the different layers of the model. For reliability testing of the conceptual mopdel, a Delphi study was conducted in two rounds after which the comments of the experst were included into the model. Regarding the high degree of Kendall’s coeficinet of concordance about %.65 and the agreement perecentage of the most dimensions of the model higher than %90 the conceptual model was confirmed by the sample experts.
Conclusion: The conceptual model derived from the meta-synthesis and Delphi studies is a model accepted by experts and a base for future research to design some tools for related studies. The findings showed that the credibility evaluation is a concept whith different and multiple dimensions and components suitable for users, designers and policymakers to take them into consideration in design and evaluation of web resources.
Volume 3, Issue 4 (3-2017)
Background and Aim: Information literacy is a contextual concept that needs to be studied in different contexts like schools. Promoting reading literacy is a core instructional objectives of Persian literature curriculum and also a part of information literacy. Understanding Concept of information literacy helps us to understand information literacy in elementary schools and can implement it in information literacy Instruction and Assessment of schools.
Methods: This research is a phenomenological research that used Qualitative Content Analysis technique for analyzing Semi structured interviews and Observations. Theoretical sampling was used and three schools were selected. We interview with four Teachers and observed four classes in Fourth Grade.
Findings: based on data analyzing we can describe information literacy for language in Fourth Grade in this phrases: “Set the scene: Make a space for thinking, reflecting and planning”, “ emerging of determining information need”, “locating and searching of information”, “information engagement”, “information Processing”, “record, organize and ethical use of information”, “Communication”, “Presentation”.
Result: based on findings, teachers highly focused on developing skills of information engagement(reading, listening, viewing), Information Processing(supplying Infrastructures of text understandings; Practice textual, audio, visual comprehension; practicing information processing in action), presenting information(in written and Unwritten format and learning how to do them). Integrating information literacy with language curriculum seems that can help to achieve language instructional objectives. The findings can be used for designing instrument of information literacy assessment and also can be used for teacher training.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Background and Aim: this research investigates the impact of authors’ rank in Bibliographic networks on document-centered model of Expertise Retrieval. Its purpose is to find out what kind of authors’ ranking in bibliographic networks can improve the performance of document-centered model.
Methodology: Current research is an experimental one. To operationalize research goals, a new test collection was developed which includes 55 queries and 96375 documents. The queries were made by Iran Knowledge and Information Science PhD students, and the documents were papers indexed in the Web of Science database under Library Science and Information Science category. The queries were submitted to the database consisting of test collection documents, and then DLH13, a known IR model, were used to retrieve documents from database. The first 100 documents retrieved by DLH13 model for each query were chosen for second stage. All people names occurred in the retrieved documents were extracted, processed, and ranked in 5 different ways based on micro metrics of Social Network Analysis. The top 10 results of every method accumulated in a pool of authors. After relevance judgment on authors’ expertise, the expert finding performance of every ranking method was measured.
Findings: Results showed that performance of authors’ ranking in citation networks hadn’t significant difference with document-centered model, whereas authors’ ranking in co-authorship networks was weaker than document-centered model, and impact it negatively.
Conclusion: compared with author-based networks, citation-based networks are better evidence for individual’s expertise in different subject areas.
Volume 8, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Background and objective: Audience communication with digital media is mutual and interactive. Non-printed digital formats of books maintain the features of interactivity. This attempts to identify interactive children's books published in Iran and assess publisher’s viewpoint on the challenges of creating interactive books.
Method: This paper has applied a qualitative approach in three parts. The features of interactive books (published in Iran) were assessed based on a checklist and were described in three sections: producer, multimedia and interactive features. Interviews with interactive book producers were mined from periodicals and themes related to production challenges were identified. The experiences of interactive book producers were studied by phenomenological method to identify production challenges.
Findings: production of interactive books in Iran started in early 2010s and continued till the middle of the decade. Some publishers stopped production due to lack of skills or financial resources. Production of interactive books ran into problems because of frail copyright laws, author's concern about co-creation, and a lack of expertise in the production of interactive narrative and multimedia content. Poor and imitative content fails to compete with similar non-Iranian products in the cultural products market. Lack of sufficient theoretical foundations for digital reading and technical infrastructure to support these products are other challenges identified in the production of interactive books.
Conclusion: Interactive book producers have not paid as much attention to their audience as they should. If producers do not have relevant information on their audience, they could not interactive narrative appropriate to their interests and needs.
Under the circumstances, even if there are adequate infrastructure and appropriate financial resources, audience would not accept the product.
Volume 8, Issue 4 (2-2022)
Background and Aim: In processing large data, scientists have to perform the tedious task of analyzing hefty bulk of data. Machine learning techniques are a potential solution to this problem. In citizen science, human and artificial intelligence may be unified to facilitate this effort. Considering the ambiguities in machine performance and management of user-generated data, this paper aims to explain how machine learning can be combined with the active citizenship concept. In addition, it discusses the necessary conditions for advancing the citizen science and beyond.
Method: The review method and comprehensive systematic study was applied to assess the concept of machine learning, citizen science and human-computer interaction.
Results: Many research problems seem to be computationally insolvable and may demand human cognitive skills. Therefore, due to classification activities which are performed in the majority of large-scale citizenship science projects, in addition to participants who may learn lessons about the science, machines also learn lessons about human and imitate him and slowly its learning capacity enhances over time. Artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning is a debatable topic with related ambiguities and biases which should strongly take into consideration.
Conclusion: The application of machine learning techniques carries many advantages including classification time cut and masterful evaluations in the process of making decisions on big data sets. However, algorithms usually act as a black box where data biases are not observable at first glance. Taking this problem into consideration may mitigate serious risks arising from the application of such techniques.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Materials and methods: The approach of this research was quantitative and the research method was semi-experimental and its design was pre-test-post-test. The statistical population includes 30 non-Persian speakers who had no familiarity with the Persian language. In order to reach the target audience and distribute the questionnaires, some Persian language teaching institutions such as Dehkhoda Institute, Persian language teaching center of universities. Also, the sites of some scientific social networks such as Research Gate, Linkedin and Academia were referred and the profiles of people were observed. In order to carry out the research, 30 non-Persian speaking people were selected from the statistical population using a non-probability and targeted sampling method and were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group). In terms of gender, 12 were men and 18 were women (40% men and 60% women). In terms of age group, most of them were between 19 and 50 years old, and the average age was 33 years old. In terms of nationality, 2 Iraqis, 2 Americans, 5 Chinese, 2 French, 3 German, 5 Ukrainian, 1 English, 1 Swiss, 3 Japanese, 1 Canadian, 2 Andalusian, 2 Italian and 1 person was Indian. In terms of education level, 12 people were in the doctoral level, 9 people were in the master's level, and 6 people were in the bachelor's level. An interface was designed to collect data. a few verses of Saadi's poems in which words that have the same written appearance but have completely different pronunciations, meanings and grammatical characteristics, were searched and selected. Depending on whether there are different options for pronouncing words or not, we deliberately included possible but incorrect pronunciations for some random words in the question so that they would listen to the voice of the local announcer and then choose one from among the transliterated words of the poem. In each pre-test and post-test stage, users were faced with 23 disambiguation items (in the form of disambiguation by clicking on the correct option among multiple choice options) and 2 correction items (by typing the correct form in the corresponding field). For all 23 questions, there were real words in the Persian language.To design the intervention activity of international transliteration education, the Persian book of the first year of elementary school and the second and third sections, which include the signs of the Persian language, were used. The structure of each sign (letter) in the book to read consists of five parts: big picture - small pictures with the word - written text - new sign - learning activities. Under each sign and thumbnails of each word, international transliteration and audio file were added. The training files were provided to the experimental group and trainings were provided in 4 sessions of 30 minutes and Skype and Google Meet communication software were used. Users of both groups were evaluated twice (before and after the intervention of international phonetic training). The tools used in this research were two questionnaires to perform practical work, one of which was used in the pre-test phase and the other in the post-test phase. After the pre-test, the experimental group received an interactive training support introducing the work program and IPA (International Phonetic Association, 1999) in order to improve the learning experience and develop the educational structure, while the control group did not receive this intervention during the research process. To calculate the distance between the answer chosen by the user and the correct answer in the poem, the method of calculating phonetic distances by Faradi et al (2019) was used.
Findings: For analysis, three independent variables were identified for each item (question); Two of them were interval variables, i.e., word length and Lonstein's phonological weighted distance between the selected answer and the correct answer, the other parameter was a nominal parameter that indicated whether the correct answer was among the selected options or not. The average scores in the learning and user reading experience of the control group in the pre-test was equal to 18.6 and in the post-test it was equal to 19.8, while the average scores in the learning and user reading experience of the experimental group before the international transliteration training was equal to 19.1 and after the international transliteration training, it increased to 23.2. For this purpose, the t-test of independent groups was used after the international transliteration training. The result of independent group t-test indicates the change of scores in users' learning and reading experience between the two experimental and control group after the international transliteration training. The resulting t (3.08) is greater than the critical table's t (1.96), so it can be said that there is a significant difference between the scores in the learning and reading experience of the users between the two experimental and control groups after the international transliteration training (p 0.05 < ). Therefore, according to the evidence, it can be said that the types of annotations (audio, transliteration) have resulted in a significant change in the learning and reading experience of users. In order to answer the second question, "What effect does international transliteration training have on users' experience in reading Persian language poems?" In the descriptive analysis of the information, first the statistical indicators related to the basic variables of the research were calculated. The results showed that in the pre-test stage, the average distance from the correct answer (error rate) of the experimental group was 4.09 and in the post-test stage it reached 1.1, which shows a significant decrease. In the control group, the average distance from the correct answer (error rate) was equal to 3.4 and in the post-test stage it reached 3.6, which did not change much. According to the quasi-experimental design of this research and the use of pre-test and post-test in it and in order to control the effect of the pre-test in it, to analyze the relevant data, the statistical model of covariance analysis has been implemented. Before running any covariance analysis, it was necessary to have homogeneous regression slopes and a linear relationship between the auxiliary random variable and the dependent variable. For this purpose, the interaction between the random variable and the independent variable has been investigated. On this basis, the assumptions of this statistical method, i.e. the assumption of normality of distribution, equality of error variances and homogeneity of coefficients and regression, have been investigated. In the inferential methods section, in order to answer the second question, "What effect does international transliteration training have on the experience of users in reading Persian language poems?" Between-group covariance analysis was used, and the results are presented in separate tables. Due to the fact that the studied groups have been selected completely randomly in compliance with all conditions, therefore, the distribution of the data was completely normal. Another important assumption of covariance analysis is the homogeneity of regression coefficients. Based on the results, it was observed that the interaction of the pre-test distance from the correct answer (error rate) with the independent variable is significant at the confidence level of 0.95 (p < 0.05). One of the assumptions of covariance analysis is the assumption of equality of error variances (homogeneity of variances), which Levin's F was used to check this assumption (to check the post-test of the dependent variable). Based on the reported results, it was observed that the homogeneity of variances is significant at the confidence level of 0.95 (p < 0.05). In order to analyze the results and changes of the dependent scale of the research, univariate covariance analysis between groups was used. The results showed that considering the pre-test scores "distance from the correct answer (error rate)", the difference between the trained group and the control group is significant in the post-test stage. (p<0.05). Distance from the correct answer (error rate) (F = 12.3). The total effect size is equal to 0.314. Considering the eta square, it can be said that 31.4% of the changes and the reduction of the distance from the correct answer (error rate) are caused by the influence of the independent variable (i.e. intervention and international phonetic training), which is in accordance with Cohen's criteria, close to It is moderate and statistically significant. (p<0.05). Therefore, it can be said that international phonetic training has been effective on the distance from the correct answer (error rate).
Conclusion: Level-based achievement was confirmed in the results of the users' learning and reading tests. Annotations act as an attention strategy. Vocabulary marking and adding various annotations and international transliteration were effective for non-Persian speakers to learn and read Persian poetry.The results of this research also highlight the important role of international phonetic training in phonetic transcription and improving the second language reading experience and show the effectiveness of international phonetic training intervention and phonological memory training as a tool to strengthen second language vocabulary development. The limitations of this research include ignoring the influence of the users' native languages, the difference in the phonological systems of different languages, relatively small sample size, different age groups and different education levels, the influence and relationships of these factors. The output of the text-to-phonetic chain conversion program is used in automatic text-to-speech conversion, correct phonetic writing of texts, teaching Persian to non-Persian speakers, dictionary writing, etc. By performing phonetic transcription work in the form of manual disambiguation or correction, users create a database with possible corrections that are suggested to be used for various purposes, including increasing the accuracy of machine transliteration. Using a digital annotation tool that allows more accurate tracking of how each user interacts with the text (through log files, tracking eye movements in the number of times focusing on a word, attention creation mechanisms) Important points for future empirical work in this field. Implementation of computer-based assessment using machine learning method leads to efficient implementation and improvement of PA skills. Although solutions for computer-based phonological awareness assessment for children have been provided in Persian language, computer-based phonological awareness assessment can also be used in teaching reading literature. Implementation of computer-based assessment using machine learning method leads to efficient implementation and improvement of PA skills. Although solutions for computer-based phonological awareness assessment for children have been provided in Persian language, computer-based phonological awareness assessment can also be considered in teaching reading literature.
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