[Home ] [Archive]   [ فارسی ]  
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
Articles archive::
For Authors::
For Reviewers::
Registration::
Contact us::
Site Facilities::
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
:: Volume 21, Issue 2 (9-2018) ::
IJAL 2018, 21(2): 89-131 Back to browse issues page
A Model of Iranian EFL Learners' Cultural Identity: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Mohammad Khatib , Fattaneh Abbasi Talabari
Abstract:   (9191 Views)
This study aimed, firstly, to investigate the underlying components of Iranian cultural identity and, secondly, to confirm the aforementioned components via Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. In order to achieve these goals, the researchers reviewed the extensive local and international literature on language, culture and identity. Based on the literature and consultations with a group of 30 university undergraduate and post graduate learners English language learners and a cadre of four university professors in the field of sociology, an Iranian EFL Language Learners’ Cultural Identity Model with six components (Nationality, Religion, Arts, Persian Language and Literature, Media, and Globalization) was hypothesized. In order to test and validate the model, a questionnaire was developed. To probe the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s Alpha was used. The reliability of all the items in the questionnaire was 0.78. To estimate the construct validity of the model, Exploratory Factor Analysis using PCA was performed, which indicated five components (Religion, Arts, Persian Language and Literature, Media, and Globalization) underlying Iranian Cultural Identity. Then, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis through AMOS 22 was performed to test the model and the interaction among the components. The SEM results confirmed the existence of five factors. Finally, statistical results are discussed and implications are provided.
Keywords: Iranian cultural identity, Identity, Culture
Full-Text [PDF 532 kb]   (3570 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2018/05/23 | Accepted: 2018/07/22 | Published: 2018/08/11
References
1. Alberti, A. & Bertucci, G. (2006). Replicating Innovations in Governance. In: Innovations in Governance and Public Administration: Replicating What Works (pp.1-25). New York: United Nations.
2. Billikopf, G. (2009). Cultural Differences? Or, are we really that different? Retrieved July 18, 2016, from http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/ucce50/ag-labor/7article/article01.html.
3. Baydak, A. V., Schariot, C. Il'yashenko, I. A. (2015). "Interaction of Language and Culture in the Process of International Education". Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 215, 14-18. [DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.567]
4. Byram, M. & Morgan, C. (1994). Teaching-and-Learning Language-and-Culture. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
5. Chomsky, N. (1968). Language and Mind. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.
6. Das-Gupta, A. & Chattopadhyay, S. (2004). The Compliance Cost of the Personal Income Tax and its Determinants," Mimeo, New Delhi, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (available at http://www.planingcommission.nic.in/reports).
7. Foucault, M. (1994).The Order of Things: Archaeology of the Human Sciences. USA: Vintage Books.
8. Gao, Y.H., Cheng, Y., Zhao, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2005). Self-identity changes and English learning among Chinese undergraduates. World Englishes, 24(1), 39-51. [DOI:10.1111/j.0883-2919.2005.00386.x]
9. Graddol, D. (1997). The Future of English? London: The British Council.
10. Gunderson, L. (2000). Voices of the teenage diasporas. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 43 (8), 692-706.
11. Hinkel, E. (Ed.) (1999). Culture in second language teaching and learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
12. Honna, N. (2008). English as a multicultural language in Asian contexts: Issues and ideas. Tokyo: Kuroshio.
13. Hosseinpur, R. M. & Farahani, M. S. (2017). Cultural intelligence, cultural identity and Iranian EFL learners' use of politeness strategies. Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies, 4(4), 27-45.
14. Hu, L.T. & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6 (1), 1-55. [DOI:10.1080/10705519909540118]
15. Karimifard, H. (2012). Constructivism, national identity and foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Asian Social Science, 8(2), 239-246. [DOI:10.5539/ass.v8n2p239]
16. Khatib, M., & Rezaei, S. (2013). A model and questionnaire of language identity in Iran: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 34(7), 690-708. [DOI:10.1080/01434632.2013.796958]
17. Kramsch, C. (2001). Language and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
18. Kubota, R., & McKay, S. (2009). Globalization and language learning in rural Japan: The role of English in the local linguistic ecology. TESOL Quarterly, 43, 593-619. [DOI:10.1002/j.1545-7249.2009.tb00188.x]
19. Kumaravadivelu, B. (2006). Understanding language teaching: From method to post method. Mahwah: New Jersey. [DOI:10.4324/9781410615725]
20. Kumaravadivelu, B. (2011). Language Teacher Education for a Global Society. Routledge Publication. [DOI:10.4324/9780203832530]
21. MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1, 130-149. [DOI:10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130]
22. Maeder-Qian, J. (2018) Intercultural experiences and cultural identity reconstruction of multilingual Chinese international students in Germany. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 39(7), 576-589. [DOI:10.1080/01434632.2017.1410161]
23. Matsunuma, D. (2011). Shifting tenses: Past, present and future impacts of the globalization of English on the English language teaching field. M.A. thesis, Athabasca University, Alberta.
24. McKay, S. L. (2003). The Cultural Basis of Teaching English as an International Language. Retrieved June 5, 2017, from http://www.tesol.org/pubs/articles/2003/tm13-4-01.html.
25. Mufwene, S.S. (2015). Colonization, indigenization, and the differential evolution of English: Some ecological perspectives. World Englishes, 34(1):6-21. [DOI:10.1111/weng.12129]
26. Nash, K. (2000). Contemporary Political Sociology: Globalization, Politics, and Power. London: Blackwell.
27. Norton, B. (2000). Identity and Language Learning: Gender, Ethnicity, and Educational Change. Harlow: Pearson Education.
28. Pennycook, A. (1994). The cultural politics of English as an international language. London: Longman.
29. Phillipson, R. (2008). The linguistic imperialism of neoliberal empire. Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 5 (1), 1-43. [DOI:10.1080/15427580701696886]
30. Pishghadam, R., & Sadeghi, M. (2011). Culture and identity change among Iranian EFL teachers. Ozean Journal of Social Sciences, 4(3), 147-162.
31. Pishghadam, R., & Zabihi, R. (2012). Life syllabus: A new research agenda in English language teaching. Perspectives, 19(1), 23-27.
32. Rezaei, S. & Bahrami, A. (2019). Cultural identity among Iranian English language teachers. International Journal of Society, Culture, Language, 7(1), 67-82.
33. Risager, K. (2007). Language and Culture Pedagogy. From a National to a transnational Paradigm. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd. [DOI:10.21832/9781853599613]
34. Saboori, F., Pishghadam, R., Hosseini, A., & Ghonsooli, B. (2015). Culture and identity: Linking Iranian identity components and cultural dimensions. Issues in Language Teaching, 4(1), 87-100.
35. Sapir, E. (1962). Culture, Language and Personality. University of California.
36. Saussure, F. de. (1966). Course in General Linguistics. London: Gerald Duckworth.
37. Shabani, S. & Alipoor, I. (2017). The relationship between cultural identity, intrinsic motivation and pronunciation knowledge of Iranian EFL learners. International Journal of Education & Literacy Studies, 5(2), 61-66. [DOI:10.7575/AIAC.IJELS.V.5N.2P.61]
38. Sharifian, F. (2009). English as an International Language: An Overview. In Sharifian, F. (Ed.). English as an international language. (pp. 1-18). Multilingual Matters. [DOI:10.21832/9781847691231-004]
39. Shin, J., Eslamia, Z. R., and Chen, W. (2012). Presentation of local and international culture in current international English-language teaching textbooks. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 24 (3), 253-268. [DOI:10.1080/07908318.2011.614694]
40. Stiglitz, J. E. (2003). Globalization and Its Discontents. New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company.
41. Tabachnick, B.G. and Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics (5th ed.). New York: Allyn and Bacon.
42. Wheaton, B., Muthen, B., Alwin, D., F., & Summers, G. (1977). Assessing Reliability and Stability in Panel Models. Sociological Methodology, 8 (1), 84-136. [DOI:10.2307/270754]
43. Whorf, B. L. (1956) Language, Thought, and Reality: Selected Writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf. (Ed) John B. Carroll. Cambridge: MIT Press.
44. Zahed, S. (2004). Iranian national identity in the context of globalization: Dialogue or resistance? CSGR Working Paper, No. 162/05.
Add your comments about this article
Your username or Email:

CAPTCHA


XML   Persian Abstract   Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Khatib M, Abbasi Talabari F. A Model of Iranian EFL Learners' Cultural Identity: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. IJAL 2018; 21 (2) :89-131
URL: http://ijal.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2937-en.html


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 21, Issue 2 (9-2018) Back to browse issues page
Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.2 seconds with 37 queries by YEKTAWEB 4666