Journal of Economic Modeling Research

Abstract

 Forecasting of crude oil price plays a crucial role in optimization of production, marketing and market strategies. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in government’s policies, because the government sets and implements its policies not only according to the current situation but also according to short run and long run predictions of important economic variables like oil price. The main purpose of this study is modeling and forecasting spot oil price of Iran by using GARCH model and A Gravitational Search Algorithm. Performed forecasts of this study are based in static and out-of-sample forecasting and each subseries data is divided in to two parts: data for estimation and data for forecasting. The forecast horizon is next leading period and its length is one month. In this study the selected models for forecasting spot oil of Iran are GARCH(2,1) and a Cobb Douglas function which is functional of prices of 5 days ago. Finally, the performances of these models are compared. For comparison of these models MSE, RMSE, MAE, and MAPE criteria are used and the results indicate that except in MAPE criterion, the mentioned criteria are smaller for GARCH model in comparison to GSA algorithm.

Expectation has an important role in oil price fluctuation and it seems which one of the important factors is for changing supply behaviour however oil price changes. Identification of mentioned expectation could help us for partly and continuously control the oil market situation.one of the important factor that could have effects on future oil price expectation is volume of current reserve oil and specifically OPEC members reserves. For OPEC members not only high reserve oil is prestige but also give them chance for having more OPEC production share however after applying market sharing system based on production for OPEC members in early 1980s,volume of reserve oil considered as a main benchmark and after that started increase reserve oil competition among OPEC members. In this paper tried study transition s of Iran’s oil reserves and its effectiveness on the oil producer’s countries’ information and also its accuracy. According to some statement reserve oil extra announcement could create chaos in oil market. Based on this study there is no any relation between increasing of oil reserves and oil production changes in Iran as one of the OPEC member's country and it seems extra reserve oil announcement more than reality is a hidden competition among members for getting more credit.