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Javad Harati, Dr Karim Eslamloueyan, Dr Mohammad Ali Ghetmiri,
Volume 3, Issue 7 (3-2012)
Abstract

    This study aims at determining the optimal environmental tax policy in the context of a dynamic model. For this purpose, clean technology diffusion was added to the AK growth model and the theoretical model has been generalized to the open economy. The main feature of the economy is creating pollution in the process of economic growth and its negative impact on social welfare. The diffusion of clean technology reduces pollution emission and has a positive effect on environmental quality and social welfare.

  The Hamiltonian solution of the model indicates that the steady state growth rate and optimal tax pollution is affected by the consumer preference toward consumption and environmental quality, pollution elasticity with respect to production, clean technology diffusion, foreign growth rate, inverse elasticity of intertemporal substitution , depreciation rate of capital and trade parameters.

  The results show that the optimal tax rate in Iranian economy is about 15 percent. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis shows that the emission elasticity of pollution subject to the production and environmental preference parameters have larger impacts on optimal tax rate than foreign growth rate and trade parameters.

 


Javad Harati, Ali Dehghani, Hojat Taghizadeh, Toktam Amini,
Volume 7, Issue 23 (3-2016)
Abstract

Environmental quality is affected by many factors such as economic and political inequality. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the effects of income and political inequality on the environment quality in the selected countries. Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), the effects of gini coefficient, democracy index and income per capita, energy consumption and human development index on environmental quality are estimated for 57 countries during the period 2000 to 2012. The results show that income inequality and Political inequality significantly had a negative effect on environment quality. While the energy consumption has the negative effect on the quality of environment, improvement in human development index and the income per capita have a positive effect on the quality of environment. This finding might has important policy implication for policymakers and authorities to achieve sustainable development in different countries.


Manizheh Bratzadeh, Javad Harati, Mohammad Lashkari,
Volume 9, Issue 33 (10-2018)
Abstract

Money laundering is an illegal practice that legitimizes the income from illegal activities during a legitimate process.Trade-based money laundering (TBML) as one of the newest and most complicated types of money laundering has negative effects on economic, social and political aspect of a society.The most important objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of various factors on trade based money laundering in Iran using the Ferwerda Gravity model.For this purpose the effective factors on trade base money laundering between iran and some selected trade partners  are investigated by the use of a random effect model during the period 1999-2012. The results indicate that a great significant part of the trade based money laundering flow between Iran and selected trade partners can be explained by the the Ferwerda Gravity model. Accordingly, gorss doimestic product(GDP), trade volume, geographical, cultural, population and attractiveness variables have a significant effect on the amount of trade based money laundering in Iran.This means that with the increase in trade flow, money laundering opportunities resulted from the trade channel, that is hidden in it, will also increase. These results can be used by policy makers for designing policies to combat money laundering particularly coming from trade channel.


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