Showing 284 results for Type of Study: Research
Mr Mostafa Haj Lotfalian, Dr Mahdi Kargarfard, Dr Heydar Sadeghi, Mr Sajjad Mohammadi,
Volume 14, Issue 12 (10-2016)
Abstract
Support foot position is one of the important factors which can affect instep kick quality and ankle joint injury. The aims of this study were to examine the support foot parameters in maximal instep kicking with the preferred and the non-preferred leg and research on risk factors for ankle joint injury in amateur futsal players. In this semi experimental study, twelve young and novice futsal players performed maximal speed place kicks with the preferred and the non-preferred leg. Average of the subjects individual characteristic have contained, age : 21/2±1/5 years, weight : 67/6±5/5 Kg and height :176±4/2 cm. Athletes were kicking the ball towards the goal from 10 meters. amount of support foot pressure were calculated at 300 Hz. To calculate injury of ankle joint, Forces, impulses, position of the fixed leg and maximum pressure of the lateral and medial portions of the foots were determined. Results indicated a significant difference in amount of subtalar joint range of motion. Higher range of motion in dominant leg were caused by a greater flexibility and coordination in this side of the body. In addition there were no significant different in impact of anterior, middle and posterior portion of fixed legs between two support foot. In contrast the maximum pressure in lateral side of non-preferred leg, was significantly more than other foot. In addition, the maximum force in non-preferred leg occurred prior then other foot. These problems can exacerbate ankle injury risk. Because the subjects were novice and they do not have appropriate neuromuscular coordination, can’t show a good movement pattern in non preferred leg. Hence, the absence of neuromuscular coordination can lead to energy loss and high pressure coming into the body, especially the feet and it can exacerbate injuries. In a nutshell, amateur subjects indicated higher quality of biomechanical parameters in support foot of the preferred leg. Also likelihood of ankle sprain in dominant foot was less than other. Also generalization of these results to semi-professional and professional players, need further research.
Mrs Mahsa Hakimipour, Mrs Roshanak Irandoost, Dr Hooman Minoo Nezhad, Dr Reza Rajabi,
Volume 14, Issue 12 (10-2016)
Abstract
Specificity of physical exercises is one of the main factors which could affect musculoskeletal system. The purpose of this research is to make a comparison about postural abnormalities of the spine and lower limbs between female taekwondo athletes and non-athletes. Samples of current research were 50 female black-belt taekwondo athletes and 50 non-athletes. To measure kyphosis and lordosis, flexible ruler was used; also to determine the angle of forward head posture and scoliosis, photogrammetry was used, and to determine knee and foot deformities caliper and navicular drop methods were used respectively. To compare two groups, independent t test was used. The results of independent t test showed that amount of lumbar lordosis (47.90°) in taekwondo athletes is significantly higher than that of non-athletes (44.04°). Also amount of scoliosis (3.52°) in taekwondo athletes was significantly higher than that of non-athletes. Also distance of internal condyle )3/26 CM) of taekwondo athletes was significantly higher than that of non-athletes)1/91 CM)(P≤0.05). But no significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of forward head posture, kyphosis, distance of internal malleolus, and navicular drop. Based on the results of this research it is possible to express that taekwondo due to type of its common exercises and could have impact on posture of its athletes.
Mrs Sara Golnezhad, Mrs Roz Fouladi, Dr Naser Behpour, Dr Maryam Barzin,
Volume 14, Issue 12 (10-2016)
Abstract
This study aim to investigate the effect of different slops on mechanical lumbosacral angles and lumbar stability of healthy and mechanical low back pain (LBP) persons. This case- control study was performed on 38 females (18 LBP and 20 healthy subjects) who were referred to the Hospital in sari. At the beginning, Subjects’demographic data were recorded. In order to measure lumbosacral angles and lumbar spine stability evaluation, three lateral radiography plots in state of standing on various slope (ο, +3.7, -3.7) were prepared. There were no significant differences between the biomechanical lumbosacral angles by standing on the various slopes, within and between 2 groups (LBP and healthy females) (p≥0.05).There was more lumbar instability in females with LBP and lumbar mechanical stability was significantly difference between 2 groups in each slope (P +=0.023, P –=0.009, P 0=0.004). Although, lumbar stability was not significantly different within each LBP and healthy groups, on the various slopes (p≥0.05). It seems that lumbar instability may increases in mechanical LBP, that won’t manage by various levels of slop.
Raghad Memar, Shiva Noori,
Volume 14, Issue 12 (10-2016)
Abstract
Since, sports activities are likely to be changes in various parameters of plantar pressure distribution during walking to create, This study compared patterns of plantar pressure distribution between right and left feet and their relationship with anthropometric parameters. 10 elite wrestler with the average and standard deviation of age: 23.6±3.33 yrs, height: 173.5±7.67 cm and mass: 83.3±21.8 kg voluntarily participated as subjects in this study. EMED-AT2 System for plantar pressure analysis, of parametric statistical methods paired t-test to compare parameters between the right and left leg and also of the Pearson methods for investigating correlation between variables was used. The only in the contact area parameter between the right leg and left at 4th mask significant differences were found (p≤0.05, ES=0.03). Also positive and significant correlation between height and mass with all the parameters were found (p≤0.01, p≤0.05) and in the heel area the correlation between maximum force in the right foot with height (medial heel r2=0.45 ; lateral heel r2=0.68) and weight (medial heel r2=0.56 ; lateral heel r2=0.8) and in the left foot with height (lateral heel r2=0.53) and weight (lateral heel r2=0.55) was reversed. (p≤0.05). Considering the lack of significant differences in plantar pressure parameters between the right and left foot, it could be argued, in wrestling foot demand function is the same. Also this research confirmed the results previous study indicating the absence of dominant leg in wrestling.
Dr Mostafa Zarei,
Volume 14, Issue 12 (10-2016)
Abstract
The incidence of lower extremity injuries in young soccer players is high, but the risk factors for injuries are unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate relationship between static lower extremity alignment and injuries in adolescent soccer players. Four teams (78 players) playing at Tehran Asia vision adolescence primer league (14-16 years old) participated in this study. Before entering the season Navicular drop, quadriceps angle, knee hyperextension, genu varum and body mass index was measured. Players were monitored for musculoskeletal injuries through a season (7-month period). overall injury rate was 8.7 injuries/1000 player-hours (95% CI=7.01-10.10). Logistic regression modeling indicated that Navicular drop in preferred foot (OR=4.5; p=0.001), Q angel in preferred leg (OR=2.77; p=0.048), and genu varum (OR=4.06; p=0.021) were all associated with injuries but no association was found in other parameters. Players had an approximately 3.47 times greater chance of suffering a lower extremity injury if they have Navicular drop greater than 1.5 centimeter and approximately 2.77 times greater chance of suffering injury if they have Q angel greater than 15.5 degrees. These findings show that multiple anatomic measures such as Navicular drop, genu varum and Q angle can predict soccer players’ injuries. Results of this study are valuable for coaches and players for injury prevention.
F Sakipour, D H Mojtahedi,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
Urinary incontinence has an increasing process among aged women and its statistics in women in The Home for the Elderly is more than others. The purpose of this study is to investigate effect of 4 weeks Spinal Stabilization exercises on urinary incontinence of the elderly people. In this study, participants are elderly women from age of 50 to 70 years old (67±11kg and BMI of 27±4kg/m2), who were placed in two experimental and control groups (10 people in each group) for 4 weeks (3 sessions per week). Urinary incontinence of the participants was measured through ICIQ-OAB questionnaire in pretest and posttest steps. According to abnormal distribution of data, nonparametric tests are used such as Wilcoxon and U Mann Whitney tests to test intragroup and intergroup variations at the level of p≤0.05. Spinal stabilization exercises caused significant reduction of urinary incontinence in elderly women (p=0.001), so that the exercises can result in insignificant reduction of urinary frequency per day (p=0.083), significant reduction of urinary frequency per night (p=0.001), stress of fast use of WC (p=0.001) and leakage of urine (p=0.002). Moreover, intergroup investigations showed that experimental group has lower urinary incontinence than control group (p=0.01). Spinal stabilization exercises can result in reduction of urinary incontinence and its components through strengthening pelvic floor and abdominal muscles.
V Saleh, H Sadeghi, P Shams Najafabadi, M.r Rezaeian, H Valizadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the profile of anthropometric, somatotype and body composition between novice and professional 6 to 8 years old gymnasts. A total of 40 gymnasts in tow group (20 novice gymnasts and 20 professional gymnasts) participated in this study. A total of 17 anthropometric, somatotype and body composition variables were recorded of each subject. The tools used in this study are: questionnaires (individual information and general health evaluation), chronometer, band meter, and movable weight scale, stadiometer, sliding calliper and somatotype software. In ferential and descriptive statistics and independent T test were used to analyze the obtained data. The level of significance was 0.05. There were significant differences in skinfold percentage (triceps, Supraspinatus and calf), total hand length, hip and calf, circumferences, BMI, endomorph and ectomorph between tow group) p<0.05). From an anthropometric stand point, 6 to 8 years old is a lowest and best age for select and talent identification. According to the results, between two groups, professional gymnasts exhibited lower BMI, circumferences (hip and calf), skinfolds, endomorphy and more total hand length, mesomorphy and ectomorphy than nivice gymnasts. On average, professional and novice gymnasts were in ectomorph-mesomorph and endomorph-mesomorph status respectively.
S Entezari, R Memar, M Kakavand,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
The aim of this study was the comparison of plantar pressure distribution, vertical ground reaction force and contact area between dominant and none-dominant limb in top-flight females taekwondo.10 healthy young top-flight females taekwondo were selected. plantar pressure ,vertical ground reaction force and contact area were evaluated by emed system .The obtained data were analyzed by paired -t test and Symmetry index significance difference in toes 3-5 contact area between dominant and none dominant limb In addition Symmetry index for each parameter indicate asymmetry between limbs. The most ground reaction force and plantar pressure applied on heel region and metatarsal 3-5 and the least ground reaction force and plantar pressure applied on toe 2and toes3-5 in both limb.
S Mohammadi, H Minoonejad, R Rajabi,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
The purpose of present study is to investigate epidemiologic kabaddi injuries of premier league in Iran. This study is a descriptive, , and prospective survey. Participants are men players of kabaddi league in 2014 and sample athletics who have been injured at least once in competitions and have been received medical care. Information related to this study is completed through registration in the injury form by the researcher and tournament doctor during the competitions. So, x2 is applied with less than 0.05 significant and descriptive statistics is used in the form of numbers, charts, and curves to describe research results. Injury rate in 1000 hours match was 229.9 and the most potential parts for injury were head and face (26.2%) and knee (15.5%). 48.5% of injuries are contusion, bruise, and haematoma. Contact with opponent was the most important reason for injury. Injury rate for defense players is 50.5%. According to the results which show the high prevalence in Kabaddi. To the medical teams, coaches, and athletics is recommended identify factors influencing potential dangers associated with injury and therefore to perform efficient solutions to prevent injuries.
S Nezami, M.a Samavati Sharif, A Chezani Sharahi,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was the effect of 8-week high intensity resistance training (the Split training method), on Testosterone, Cortisol and Testosterone/Cortisol serum level and its influence on muscle mass and development of muscle strength. 20 persons beginner in bodybuilding (body mass index: 23.80±2.25 kg/m2; age: 24.65±2.55 year) participated in this study. The subjects divided randomly into strength training (10 persons) and control groups (10 persons). Training program was designed according to the Split method with 85%-100% of 1RM for six times per weeks. The same strength and duration was applied for the control group based on the traditional training. Before and after training the thickness of Triceps muscle was measured with ultrasound in both groups. Resting blood samples were collected before and after training. The results showed, compared with traditional training, training with Split method increased muscle strength (p=0.01), muscle mass (p=0.001) and the Testosterone to Cortisol (T/C) ratio (p=0.02). Moreover, there were significant correlation between the maximum strength and hypertrophy(r=0/55, p=0/001) and between (T/C) and maximum strength (r=0/74, p=0/03). The results of this study shows that resistance training with high intensity (the Split Training Method) causes increase in anabolic stimulation and muscle mass which subsequently increases maximum strength.
S Sadeghi, M.r Asad, M.h Ferdowsi,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
Overweight is one of the most important reasons for increasing the liver enzymes that causes liver and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this research is to investigation the effects of 12weeks training on liver enzymes. Subjects of this research is 26 woman with BMI≥29 and average age Between 42 to 52, they divided to two main groups: experimental and control group n=13. 24 hours before training and 48 hours after sampling, body composition and oxygen maximum, were done for all of the subjects. Experimental group have done 12 weeks endurance training that contains 3 session between 40 to 80 percent of heart beat and duration of 15 to 30 min. Data was analyzed by using of covariance and T test,(a≤0./05),results showed that in experimental group there is significant increase in oxygen maximum (p=0/006) and significant decrease observed in BMI (p=0/001). But not observed significant change in ALT enzymes (p=0/493) and AST (p=0/403). Results showed that the impacts of 12 weeks endurance training on liver enzymes of those women was not significant because of not preparing of subjects, also high level of BMI in both groups are possible. Therefore, non significant increase of ALT exercise group be investigated, the longer half life of this enzyme is (40+12) hours. So, it seems that we need more than 48hours to recovery the enzyme.
Mrs Safoora Heidari, Dr Ali Shamsi Majlan, Dr Hasan Daneshmandi, Dr Nahid Khoshraftar Yazdi,
Volume 15, Issue 14 (10-2017)
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Frequent throwing Movements can change its muscular strength and range of motion balance shoulder athletes compared to non-athletes. The purpose of this study was to the comparison of strength ratio between agonist and antagonist muscles and range of motion of the shoulder in volleyball players and non-athletes. Research Method: Thirty female volleyball players (mean age±SD; 21±2.58 year) and thirty non-athletes individuals (mean age ± SD; 22±1.13 years) participated in this study. Manual muscle test (MMT) and Leighton Flexometer was respectively used for measuring the strength and ROM of the participants. Demographic information was collected through questionnaires. After determining the normal data distribution independent and paired samples T-test was used to analyze them. Results: In Compare ratio of agonist to antagonist muscle strength in the dominant and non-dominant hand volleyball players (p≤0.001, p=0.002) As well as dominant hand in both groups (volleyball and control) (p≤0.001, p=0.003) in the ratio of internal to external rotation and abduction to adduction strength was significant difference (P≤0.05). A significant decrease in range of motion in internal rotation and extension movements of the dominant hand (p≤0.001, p=0.005) and a significant increase in external rotation volleyball players in dominant hand was observed (p=0.026).Conclusion: Repeated pattern of movements in the volleyball sports for a long time causes muscle imbalance in strength and range of motion shoulder joint that in case of inadequate attention and lack of proper stretching and strengthening exercises to use, this asymmetry can make athletes prone to injury his performance will decrease
Dr Amir Ali Jafarnezhadgero, Mrs Elham Sorkheh, Mr Goodarz Ghiasvand,
Volume 15, Issue 14 (10-2017)
Abstract
Introduction and aim: Taping is a common method used by athletes to improve muscular function. The aim was to assess the immediate effect of femoral external rotational and abductoral taping on three-dimensional ground reaction force characteristics, their time to peak, impulse, displacement of center of pressure, vertical loading rate, and free moment during stance phase of running. Method: 24 healthy men (age: 24.6±2.5 years; mass: 74.8±6.2 kg; 177.1±7.9 cm) were included in the study. Ground reaction force data was recorded by a Kistler force platform (sampling rate: 1000 Hz). Paired sample t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Compared to without taping condition, taping significantly reduced the peak impact and peak active vertical ground reaction forces during stance phase of running (P≤0.05; low to moderate effect size). Taping application increased and decreased the vertical loading rate (19%, P=0.047, moderate effect size) and the peak free moment values (P≤0.001), respectively. The values of the anterior-posterior and vertical impulses during taping condition were greater than that of without taping condition (P≤0.001; low effect size). Conclusion: Femoral external rotational and abductoral taping could improve the values of free moment, but this is not the case in vertical loading rate during the stance phase of running.
Mr Vahid Sotoodeh, Dr Reza Gharakhanloo, Mrs Solmaz Khaligh Fard, Mrs Samaneh Khaligh Fard, Dr Alimohammad Alizadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 14 (10-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: The decorin is a myokine that modulates the growth and the development of the cancer cells through the interaction with TGF-β. The present study is aimed to evaluate the protective effects of 8 weeks interval aerobic exercise on the expression of decorin and TGF-β, and tumor volume in a typical animal of breast tumor. Materials and Methods: In a exprimental research, forty adult female Balb/c mices were randomly divided into four groups: control, tumor, exercise, and exercise with the tumor. The main exercise was performed four weeks before and after tumor with 50-70 percent of the maximum power of mices. The mices were cancerous by subcutaneous surgery with tumor of adenocarcinoma of mice breast in the tumor group and the exercise group with the tumor. Tumor growth was measured weekly. At the end of the study, tumor and soleus muscle were extracted by surgery. Real-Time PCR method was used to evaluate the expression of decorin and TGF-β and data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc methods with considering the significant level of p<0.05. Results: The tumor growth rate in tumor group was significantly higher than the exercise group with the tumor. A significant difference confirmed between four groups In the level of decorin expression in soleus muscle (F=12.30 , P=0.0023). The Post hoc test showed that 8 weeks of interval aerobic training significantly increased the expression of decorum gene in soleus muscle in two pairs of exercise group compared with control group and exercise group with tumor compared to tumor group (P=0.02). The expression of TGF-β in tumor tissue showed a significant reduction in exercise group with tumor compared with tumor group. Conclusion: Our results showed that interval aerobic training probably contributes to decreasing the growth of breast cancer cells by increasing the expression of decorin and decreasing the expression of TGF-β.
Kamran Johari, Mohammad Hosein Alizadeh, Amir Hosein Barati,
Volume 15, Issue 14 (10-2017)
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the effects of FIFA 11+ comprehensive warm-up program for referees on dynamic balance among male Iranian football referees and assistant referees. Fifty-two football referees and assistant referees who had no previous injury voluntarily participated in the present study. They were randomly assigned into an intervention group and a control one (26 participants each group). The intervention participants took part in a 17-week FIFA 11+ comprehensive warm-up program for referees while the control group performed their usual warm-up trainings during a half season. In order to estimate the dynamic balance of the referees in the pre-test and post-test, Y Balance Test was used. The collected data were analyzed using Descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The results of the present study indicated that the intervention and the control groups were significantly different in terms of dynamic balance in anterior and posteromedial directions and also the referees’ overall balance score before and after the study. However, no significant between them was observed in posteriolateral direction. According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the FIFA 11+ comprehensive warm-up program for referees could improve the referees’ and the assistant referees’ dynamic balance.
Faezeh Mohammadi Sanjani , Masoomeh Shojaei, Afkham Daneshfar,
Volume 15, Issue 14 (10-2017)
Abstract
Introduction and purpose: Reaching movement is one of the common task for assessing learning mechanism and is daily task in human life, improvement in postural stability can influence the function of this task. In this term, the aim of current study was to compare constant (simple reaction time) and variable random practice (choice reaction time) on the improvement of anticipatory postural adjustment during reaching task in healthy people. Methodology: Sixteen right handed women with the mean age of (27.18±3.18) participated in this study. For measuring magnitude of anticipatory postural control, centre of pressure displacement and centre of pressure velocity were evaluated by using force plate before reaching movement. Results: The results of mixed variance analysis in significant level of p<0.05 showed that random variable practice increased cop displacement and velocity before reaching task, but this increase wasn’t significant in acquisition and retention tests. Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore according to the results of this study, random variable practice improved anticipatory postural adjustment. Based on these results, effect of this practice on anticipatory postural control can be considered in rehabilitation programs.
Mr Nemat Allah Behboodian, Mr Jamal Khajeh Ali, Dr Amir Letafat Kar,
Volume 15, Issue 14 (10-2017)
Abstract
Due to the necessity of screening injury the aim of this study was to screen the scores of Functional movement screening tests in active and inactive subject . The study population consisted of University Students aged 18 to 25 years out of which 50 students (25 active and 25 inactive) were selected. Functional Movement Screen by Cook were used for functional screening. After the normality of the overall scores for FMS, Independed-Samples T-Test was used in SPSS (version 16) to analyze the data at significant level of 0/05. According to the findings, overall scores of FMS was significantly different between active and inactive subjects (P=0/001). Cut-off point of 17 was obtained for all subjects. There was no significant difference in shoulder mobility and straight leg raise test scores in the active and inactive people but there was significant difference among the scores of other five tests This prospective study shows that due to the overall score FMS inactive people than in active people are more prone to injury.
Zahra Khadivi Burojeny, Hamid Rajabi, Mohammad Marandi, Shaghayegh Haghjoo, Alireza Khadivi Burojeny, Ebrahim Noorian,
Volume 16, Issue 15 (9-2018)
Abstract
The purpose of present study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on serumic myostatin, and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) level in male Wistar rats. 20 adult male wistar rats(150-250gr) were randomly divided into 2 groups [control group; n=10 (C), resistance training; n=10 (R)]. Resistance training was conducted for 8 weeks (5 session/week) on a special 1 meter height ladder (divided by 26 stairs) with loading of 30٪ of body weight (suspended from the tail) in the first week and increased to 200٪ of body weight in the last week. Training includes 3 sets of 4 reps with 3 minutes rest between sets. At the end of last week blood samples were taken from the rats and myostatin, TGF-β1 and FGF-2 was measured in three groups with the ELISA kit. At the end of the study ،the plasma levels of the myostatin decreased [71/82±19/62 mg/dl (R) ver. 105/86±17/49 mg/dl(C). (p≤0/001)], but the level of FGF-2 increased significantly in resistance training group [102/462±11/135mg/dl (R) ver. 86/96±12/606 mg/dl (C) (p=0/048)]. In contrast, the serum level of TGF-β was not statistically different between the two groups [153/48±54/09 mg/dl (R).160/62±32/85 mg/dl (C). (p=0/725)]. This study shows that 8 weeks of resistance training reduces serum levels myostatin and increased serum levels of FGF-2. These two factors cause activation or non-activation of satellite cells (Muscle stem cells that control muscle hypertrophy). However the nerve - muscle agents in the first 8 weeks of resistance training have the maximum participation on strength increases, but in this research we see affect the signals of satellite cells in the first 8 weeks of resistance training can change significantly. Also, although serum levels of TGF-β1 in the exercise group was significantly different from the control group, but the overall value of the exercise group had slightly reduced.
Vahid Fekri Kourabbaslou, Pezhman Motamedi, Sadegh Amani Shalamzari,
Volume 16, Issue 15 (9-2018)
Abstract
Eotaxin, a pro-inflammatory Adipokine is secreted from adipose tissue, which its secretion increases in the obesity and cause neurodegeneration. BDNF is a neurological factor that interferes with cognitive function, fat and sugar metabolism, as well as the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndrome in adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the Effect of Six Weeks of Interval Resistance Training on Eotaxin and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Serum Levels in Overweight young men. Twenty non-active students without regular exercise program from Kharazmi University were randomly selected and divided into two groups of training (n=10) and control (n=10). The training group performed Interval resistance Training for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session lasted 45 minutes. The training program included 7 moves with intensity of 30-40% of 1RM and velocity 2v for 10 seconds and rest intervals with intensity 30-40% 1RM and velocity v for 20 seconds. Blood samples were taken before and after 6 weeks of training to evaluate the serum Eotaxin and BDNF levels using the Sandwich ELISA. To analyze the data, the covariance test and Bonferron's post hoc test were used to compare the variables. The results of covariance analysis and Bonferroni test showed that 6 weeks of Interval resistance training caused a significant reduction in the weight (p=0.003), body mass index (p=0.004) Waist circumference (p=0.012) and fat percentage (p=0.001). Also, significant increase was observed in muscular endurance (p=0.001), serum BDNF levels in the training group compared to the control group (p=0.024), and serum Eotaxin levels in the training group decreased significantly (p=0.022). Correlation results showed a significant reverse relationship respectively between pre and post training Eotaxin and BDNF (p=0.015 r=-0.511, p=0.013 r=-0.586). Weight loss through six weeks of Interval Resistance training, which accompanied the loss of adipose tissue; resulted in a reduction in serum levels of Eotaxin and increased serum levels of BDNF.
Chiman Alyarnezhad, Hasan Daneshmandi, Nader Samami,
Volume 16, Issue 15 (9-2018)
Abstract
The upper cross syndrome is a postural abnormality with excessive activity of the muscles on the chest and upper trapezius muscles. In this study, upper cross syndrome in hearing impairment, vision impairment, and normal students is investigated. This descriptive- analytic study was performed on 30 poor vision boys, 30 poor hearing boys and 30 normal boys with mean age 11.76±2.89 years and their height was 135.15±13.13 cm, weight: 52±29.47 kg. Photos of each person were examined in sagittal planes for head and shoulder deviation. Flexible ruler(r=0/91) was used for the assessment of kyphosis. One-way ANOVA and scheffe post hoc test was used to compare groups by using SPSS (version 20) software (detection limit p≤0.05). Data analysis showed a significant difference between members of groups in case of forward head, rounded shoulder and kyphosis. Visual and hearing impairment is due to position abnormalities. Preventing and improving of the position forward head, rounded shoulder, and kyphosis lead to an abnormality postural position which is called the upper cross syndrome and it is conceivable with design and implementation of corrective exercises.
