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Showing 8 results for Elderly
The effect of time of day on postural control of the elderly with open and closed eyes: with a cognitive dual-task approach
Mr Ehsan Ebrahimipour, Ms Fereshteh Sabet, Mr Shayan Hajebrahimi, Dr Mohammadreza Seyfaddini,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (11-2019)
Abstract
Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in regulating various physiological functions of the human body and can impact the ability to perform motor tasks. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of time of day on static and dynamic balance using a cognitive task approach. We recruited 24 elderly men aged between 60-70 years who performed both static (standing on the foot scanner) and dynamic (timed up and go) balance tests with and without cognitive dual tasks. Our statistical analysis, using a significance level of 0.05, revealed significant differences in the parameters of the 95% confidence ellipse (fluctuation range), length of path, and average velocity of the center of pressure when performing the dual task compared to normal walking. However, these variables did not significantly differ at different times of the day. Interestingly, our results showed that the center of pressure fluctuations in closed eyes and different times of the day did not have a significant difference. Overall, our findings suggest that healthy elderly individuals are at similar risk of falling or tripping during different hours of the day. Nonetheless, the simultaneous execution of dual cognitive tasks leads to balance disruption in both eyes-arm closed positions.

Effects of Short Term Vibration Training on some of Physical Fitness Factors in Elderly Women
P Seif, M.r Dehkhoda, H Rajabi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (3-2011)
Abstract

In this study, the effects of vibration training on physical fitness factors in elderly
females investigated. 40 subjects with age 61/09±6/24 yrs, weight 65/84±11/98
kg, height 156/99±5/06 cm and body mass index 26/64±4/23 kg/m2 voluntary
participated in this study and were divided in vibration (n=16), non-vibration
(n=14) and control (n=10) groups. The vibration group performed exercises on
the device (JET VIB) for 10 days with 35-40Hz frequency, 12 mm amplitude and
eight positions. The non-vibration group performed the same exercises (in
position, set and time) on the turned off device. The control group did not
exercise during the study. Leg and hand strength (dynamometer), flexibility (sit
and reach), balance (standing time on one leg) and body composition (skinfold
with caliper) were measured. Paired sample t test and one way ANOVA used
for data analysis. In within group analysis, vibration group showed significant
increase in right (p=0/02) and left hand strength (p=0/01), leg strength
(p=0/008), Flexibility (p=0/005) and left leg balance (p=0/006). In non vibration
group just significant increase in right hand strength (p=0/01). There was no
significant change in control group. Between group analysis showed, significant
increase in right (p=0/006) and left hand strength (p=0/003), leg strength
(p=0/004) and left leg balance (p=0/01) in vibration group comparison with to
other groups. There was no significant change in right leg balance (p=0/),
Flexibility (p=0/005) and body composition in any of groups. Due to the results
short term vibration training can improve flexibility, strength and balance in
elderly subjects.
 


The effect of knee extensor and ankle plantar flexor fatigue on dynamic balance in active elderly males
, , ,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2011)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of knee extensor and ankle
plantar flexor fatigue on dynamic balance among active elderly males. Fifteen
healthy individuals having age of 72±6.57 years, height of 168.4±4.8 cm and
weight of 70.5±7.4 kg without history of injuries at lower extremity, participated
in this study. Knee extensor and ankle plantar flexor muscles fatigued with free
sets of fifty repeated of knee extension and ankle plantar flexion loading with
50% of one repetition maximum (1RM), while four minutes rest applied between
every set. Fatigue protocol applied for each muscle group after 72 hours rest at
same environment condition. Star excursion balance test (SEBT) used to
measure dynamic balance before and after applying fatigue protocol.
Dependent and independent t-test used for data analysis in significant level
0.05. Significant differences shown between pre and post reaching distance
using SEBT. The results also showed significant differences between decrease
of reaching distance in SEBT after applying muscle fatigue protocols in knee
extensor and ankle plantar flexor. Due to results, increasing lower limb muscle
endurance, especially at knee, recommended for training program designitation
for elderly subjects to achieve dynamic balance improvement.


The effect of "Tai Chi" exercise on depression, quality of sleep and some of physiological factors in elderly, living in Nursing Home
, , , ,
Volume 11, Issue 5 (3-2013)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 12 weeks of "Tai Chi"
exercise on some of physiological and psychological factors in elderly living in
Nursing Home. In this experimental study, 58 elderly male and female age
69.15±5.3 yr, height 154 ± 0.1 cm and weight 58.13 ±4.4 kg, lived in Sadeghie
Nursing Home were selected and objectively divided in experimental (n=27) and
control groups (n=30). The experimental group trained for 3 month, three
session per/week, and 30 minute in each session. Heart rate, blood pressure,
hands grip strength, flexibility, Berg balance scale, depression and quality of
sleep were measured before and after the exercise program. Data were
analyzed for group differences using covariance test. There was no significant
group difference in heart rate, blood pressure and flexibility. Hands grip
strength, quality of sleep and balance scales were significantly improved and
depression significantly decreased in experimental compared with control
group. So, it seems that using Tai Chi exercise can improve some of
physiological factors, depression and quality of sleep in elderly


Effect of spinal stabilization exercises to reduce urinary incontinence in the elderly
F Sakipour, D H Mojtahedi,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
Urinary incontinence has an increasing process among aged women and its statistics in women in The Home for the Elderly is more than others. The purpose of this study is to investigate effect of 4 weeks Spinal Stabilization exercises on urinary incontinence of the elderly people. In this study, participants are elderly women from age of 50 to 70 years old (67±11kg and BMI of 27±4kg/m2), who were placed in two experimental and control groups (10 people in each group) for 4 weeks (3 sessions per week). Urinary incontinence of the participants was measured through ICIQ-OAB questionnaire in pretest and posttest steps. According to abnormal distribution of data, nonparametric tests are used such as Wilcoxon and U Mann Whitney tests to test intragroup and intergroup variations at the level of p≤0.05. Spinal stabilization exercises caused significant reduction of urinary incontinence in elderly women (p=0.001), so that the exercises can result in insignificant reduction of urinary frequency per day (p=0.083), significant reduction of urinary frequency per night (p=0.001), stress of fast use of WC (p=0.001) and leakage of urine (p=0.002). Moreover, intergroup investigations showed that experimental group has lower urinary incontinence than control group (p=0.01). Spinal stabilization exercises can result in reduction of urinary incontinence and its components through strengthening pelvic floor and abdominal muscles.

Effect of 12-Weeks Elastic-Band Resistance Training on Functional and Obesity Indices in Osteosarcopenic Obese Elderly Women
Ebrahim Banitalebi, Mohammad Faramarzi, Farideh Savari Niko, Neda Soltani, Majid Mardaniyan Ghahfarrokhi,
Volume 18, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
Osteosarcopenic obesity is the result of processes that lead to muscle and bone breakdown and increased fat tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks elastic band resistance training on functional indicators and Osteosarcopenic obesity index in women with Osteosarcopenic obesity. In this single blind randomized clinical trial, 49 elderly women with age 64.13 ± 3.6yrs, fat percentage 45.4 ± 6.56 %, T score of the minerals of the were -1.86 ± 1.42 were divided into two groups: control (n=22) and training (n = 27). The training group performed elastic band resistance training for 12 weeks. significant increases in short-term physical function (SBBP) (P = 0.024) and Z score of Osteosarcopenic obesity (P = 0.041), in the training group compared to the control group, and non-significant difference in muscle quality (MQ) (P = 0.200), fracture risk (FRAX) (P = 0.259), between exercise and control group. 12 weeks of elastic band resistance training seems to improve in short physical performance battery and Z score of Osteosarcopenic obesity ­ in elderly women with Osteosarcopenic obesity, but, probably a longer period of training is needed to further influence the other osteosarcopenic obesity index.

The effect of dual task training on sit to stand postural control of elderly women with a history of falling
Vahideh Teimouri Gholeh Zo, Fatemeh Alirezaei Noghondar, Hamid Reza Taheri,
Volume 18, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of dual task training including balance sit-to-stand and cognitive exercises on postural control of sit to stand of elderly women with a history of falling. 15 elderly women were randomly divided into control (n=7) and experimental (n=8) groups. Participants implemented training protocol for four weeks in both experimental (balance and cognitive exercises) and control groups (balance sit-to-stand exercises). Before and after the training protocol, Berg Balance Scale and time of up and go tests were applied. Besides, in order to measure amplitude and speed of postural sway in the anteroposterior and medio-lateral direction in different stages of sit to stand movement in dual task condition, a force plate with a frequency of 100 Hz was used in pre-test and post-test. For data analysis, paired and independent t-test, nonparametric Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney u-tests were used with a significance level of P≤0.05. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the BERG test and significant reduction of the amplitude and speed of center of pressure in the antero-posterior and medio-lateral directions in the experimental group compared to the control group from pre-test to post-test (P≤0.05). Due to results, balance exercises by dual task method improved control functional balance and reduced postural sway and consequently improved sit to stand postural control in dual task condition and therefore can reduce more effectively the risk of falling in elder people.

The Effect of 12 Weeks of Resistance Training, Total Body Vibration and Combination on Serum Vitamin D Concentration, Bone Mineral Density and Functional Indices in Elderly Men with Osteoporosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Mr Kourosh Dehghan, Dr Khosro Jalali Dehkodi, Dr Farzaneh Taghian, Dr Mehdi Kargarfard, Dr Bahram Abedi,
Volume 21, Issue 25 (9-2023)
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease, and various factors such as low body mass index and lack of physical activity are involved in the occurrence of this disease.  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of circular resistance exercises, whole body vibration and their combination on 25-hydroxyvitamin D, bone mineral density and functional factors in elderly people with osteoporosis. In a randomized controlled experiment with a pre-test-post-test design, 60 elderly men with osteoporosis with an age range of 65-78 years were randomly divided into four exercise groups: Circular resistance training (CRT, n=15), whole body vibration training (WBVT, n=15), combined (CRT + WBVT, n=15), and control (n=15). CRT with an intensity of 30 to 60% of the maximum repetition strength (1RM) was performed 3 times a week for 12 weeks. WBVT were performed in the form of 10 combined lower body and upper body movements with a frequency intensity between 25 to 45 Hz, an amplitude of 5 to 8 mm, and a time of each movement of 60 to 100 seconds, While the control group maintained their usual lifestyle. Body composition variables include; Fat-free weight (LBM), soft tissue weight (SLM) and skeletal muscle weight (SMM) using Body Composition Analyzer, bone density measurement using DEXA test and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 before and after the last training sessions. Data analysis was done by using paired sample t-test and analyze of covariance (ANCOVA) at a level less than 0.05. After 12 weeks of intervention, a significant improvement in BMD, balance, coordination, muscle strength, lean weight and skeletal muscle weight was observed after CRT and CRT + WBVT exercises in comparison with the control group. However, no significant differences were observed between the groups in the variables of weight, body mass index, lean weight, soft tissue weight, skeletal muscle weight (SMM), BMD, balance, hydroxyvitamin D3 (p> 0.05). The findings of the current research show that performing CRT, WBVT and CRT + WBV exercises as a non-pharmacological treatment method can cause a significant increase in bone density and functional indicators of elderly men and has no effect on the hormonal indicators of elderly men with osteoporosis. Further studies with long-term follow-up should be considered to confirm these findings.

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