Showing 3 results for Postural Control
Mrs Maryam Ghorbani, Dr Rasoul Yaali,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (11-2019)
Abstract
Lack of sensory information, muscle weakness, lack of coordination and position sense of joint are predictor factors of musculoskeletal disorders, and it seems that sports activities will have an effect on posture control and joint proprioception. Therefore, the purpose of this research was the effect of Pilates exercises on balance and proprioception in female students. 98 female students between the ages of 18-25 years-old and weight 57.92±7 kg voluntarily participated in this study after completing the written consent form. Of these, 91 healthy students were placed in the experimental group and 7 students with sports exemption (with medical conditions such as: recent surgery for refractive errors of the eye, cysts, etc.) were placed in the control group. The position senses of ankle and knee joints was measured using the active reconstruction test of the ankle and knee angles and static balance was measured using the Sharpened Romberg test before and after 16 intervention sessions. Wilcoxon test was used to determine the difference in pre-test and post-test (intra-group difference) and covariance test was used to compare between groups (of course, the data were normalized earlier). The results showed that after the intervention, in the experimental group, static balance increased significantly in the post-test compared to the pre-test. The position sense of dorsiflexion, plantarflexion of ankle joint and knee flexion position sense in the experimental group increased significantly in the post-test compared to the pre-test. Also, the results of the covariance test showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in the post-test in the variables of static balance and position sense of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of ankle and position sense of knee flexion. According to the adjusted average in the post-test stage, the experimental group performed better than the control group. The results showed that Pilates exercises are suitable for improving ankle and knee proprioception and improving postural control in teenagers and young adults.
Saeed Arsham,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (11-2019)
Abstract
Introduction and purpose: The ability to control different positions of the body in space results from the complex interaction of nervous, sensory, and skeletal-muscular systems, which is generally defined as posture control. Therefore, it is important to study how new interactions occur through sensory inputs and create different motor responses to restore balance disturbances. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of age-related differences in postural control of 7-18-year-old girls by determining the differences between different age groups and adults in their sensory preferences for compensatory responses. Methodology: 118 non-athlete girls aged 7 to 18 years were selected using the available sampling method from schools in the 3rd district of Tehran and divided into four age groups: 7-9 (n=31), 10-12 (n=32), 13-15 (n=28) and 16-18 (n=27) were divided. Also, a reference group of adults (n=28 with an average age of 27.9 years) were investigated for comparison (total = 146). A sensory organization test (SOT) with Computerized Dynamic Posturography was used to manipulate different sensory inputs. Findings: The results of the one-way analysis of variance with a post hoc test showed that there is a significant difference between all age groups in 6 conditions of the test (P<0.05). The use of bodily and vestibular sensory inputs to maintain balance was almost the same in different age groups, but significant differences were observed in the use of visual inputs. Discussion and conclusion: From the age of 13, the postural control performance of girls becomes similar to that of adults, which can be due to the delayed development of the visual system. In general, it seems that for optimum control, the maturation of the somatosensory system occurs before the maturation of the vestibular and visual systems. After that, vestibular and visual systems are matured respectively.
Elaheh Peymani, Gholam Ali Ghasemi, Mehdi Ghaderiyan,
Volume 16, Issue 16 (12-2018)
Abstract
Meningomyelocele after cerebral palsy is the most common congenital defects of the nervous system that impairs the functioning of many body’s structures. This study aimed to assess the effect of six weeks selected physical training on balance, postural control and lower limb function in children with Meningomyelocele. In this quasi-experimental study, 10 boys aged 10-11 years with Meningomyelocele in L4-L5 levels that independently able to stand and take at least 5 steps were selected and after obtaining written consent from the parents, placed in an experimental group. Before and after 6 weeks (four 60-minute sessions per week) participation in a researcher-designed exercise protocol, Static and dynamic balance (Balance Scale PBS), postural sway (foot pressure device), neck craniovertebral angle and knee and hip range of motion (goniometer), thoracic arch angle (flexible ruler) and trunk and knee extensors strength (dynamometer) were measured. Data by t-test in SPSS 22 software was analyzed (p≤0/05). The results were showed significant difference between pre-test and post-test in all variables except the total index of postural control and trunk extensors strength (P≥0/05). Due to the effectiveness of the used exercise protocol, this protocol can be used to improve the postural control, balance and lower extremity function in rehabilitation of patients with Meningomyelocele and similar to those.
