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Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormon which has important effects on osmoregulation in marine fish. In this study the effect of oral cortisol on resistance (salinity stress in 12ppt during 7 days) in common carp (cyprinus carpio) fry was investigated. For this purpose, common carp (1.36±0.12 gr) was distributed in 3 treatments and 1 control group in 3 replicates and fed with commercial food containing 0 (control), 50, 100 and 200 mg kg^-1 food hydrocortisone during 8 weeks. At the end of the trial, hematocrit, biochemical blood parameters (glucose, calcium and total protein) and resistance of fish were determined. The results showed no significance in survival rates between treatments (p>0.05). Glucose levels in the control treatment was significantly lower than other treatments at the end of the trail by serological investigation (p<0.05). Fish were let in salinity stress and after 7 days all treatments showed a significant increase in the value of glucose (p<0.05). The highest value of glucose was observed in fish on fed 100 and 200mg hydrocortisone per kg^-1 food )73.04±1.40) (p<0.05) and the highest level of haematocrit was observed after stress in the control group (61.67±2.08) (p<0.05). Calcium Ionic factor showed a significant increase in all treatments except for the control treatment (11.17±0.31) (p<0.05) and the highest value was observed in fish fed 200 mg hydrocortisone per kg^-1. Total protein in fish treat-cortisol was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). The results of this study showed that oral administration of cortisol can improve the salinity resistance in the common carp fry

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Beta vulgaris belongs to the family Amaranthaceae and was found to have halophytic ancestors. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium chloride on seed germination, therefore the early stages of seedling growth of Beta vulgaris grown under different salinity levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 mM of NaCl) were studied. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. It was revealed that as concentration of NaCl increases, the rate and percentage of germination, length and fresh weight of radicle & plumule and seedling vigour index decrease. In conclusion, our results indicated that salt stress decreased Beta vulgaris seed germination and early seedling growth while induced changes in the anatomical characteristics such as increased level of cutin synthesis on epidermal leaves cells and altered the thickness of vascular system, epidermis and parenchyma in leaves, roots and petioles.
 

 
 

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Legumes are common crops in arid and semi-arid regions. This study was conducted to investigate three levels of salinity stress on 18 lentil cultivars in the greenhouse and laboratories of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2016-2016 in a factorial manner in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results of comparing average lentil genotypes were done with Duncan's method at the five percent probability level. Correlation was done in separate stress levels. The dendrogram of cluster analysis divided the genotypes into three groups in control and 60 mM conditions and two in 120 mM conditions. Genotypes 7 and 5 were in the top group in all groupings. The relationship between ISSR molecular markers and physiological traits was calculated among genotypes. All traits in three levels of salinity stress had a significant correlation with some ISSR markers. A total of 22 positive markers for physiological traits were identified at the control level, 9 positive markers at the moderate stress level, and 23 positive markers at the severe stress level. Among the 21 studied ISSR primers, the P8A11 marker had the largest number of gene loci related to the studied physiological traits.