Showing 5 results for Rostami
Sepideh Dehghani, Reza Rostami, Mohammad Ali Besharat, Reza Zomorrodi, Homayoun Vahedi,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (volume7, Issue 3 2019)
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder that is characterized by abdominal pain, discomfort and change in the intestinal habits. The aim of this study was the comparison of brain oscillations features between patients with IBS and healthy control, speciallity in alpha frequency band by using rest-electroencephalography (EEG). 11 IBS patients (7 females and 4 male) and 11 healthy (7 females and 4 male), gender and age-matched, were selected and brain oscillations were recorded by a 64-channel EEG at rest in eye-closed condition. Alpha power, peak alpha frequency and frontal alpha asymmetry were calculated and analyzed by fast Fourier transform and independent t test. The results showed that in IBS group, the average of alpha was higher, the peak alpha frequency and frontal alpha asymmetry are lower than healthy control. Our findings indicated that difference between healthy control and IBS group in their cortical functions and generated brain wave oscillation, specifically in alpha frequency bands. Theses results may serve as a biomarker and prognostic tools for IBS treatments.
Seid Nezamoddin Rostamkalaee, Dr. Reza Rostami, Abbas Rahiminezhad, Hojjatollah Farahani,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (2-2020)
Abstract
Depression is the most common mental disorder that disrupts patients’ lives and imposes costs on society. Recently, the use of biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders has been considered. The question is whether biomarkers derived from EEG are capable of separating depressed patients from healthy people. The objective of this study was to compare the power of different frequency bands in depressed and healthy individuals. The participants of this non-experimental study were selected using clinical criteria based on DSM-5 at Atieh Clinic in Tehran in 2016-2017 (29 women and 21 men who were depressed and 19 women and 31 men who were healthy). EEG was recorded in 19 channels and five frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma) at rest (eyes closed) and during the Emtional Contineous Performance Task (ECPT). The results showed that at rest, the mean power was significantly higher in the depressed group only in the gamma band (Fz and Cz). Significant differences were also observed in theta (P8, O1 and O2), alpha (P4, P8 and O1), beta (Fp1, P3, Pz, and P4) and gamma (Fp1, Fp2, Fz and O1) during activity. Furthermore, mean powers in the depressed group were higher. It seems that EEG power during activity is a better discriminator than power in resting state and it could potentially be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of depression.
Najmeh Farahmand, Majid . Chehardahcheric, Robabe Rostami,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (volume8, Issue 3 2020)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age and swimmers’ levels of somersaults skills on mental rotation. This study was conducted as a comparative causal research with a one-stage and post-event design. Participants were female swimmers in Shiraz, who were trained in somersaults. Sixty subjects were selected by the purposive sampling method and then divided into four groups (a group of 7 to 9-year-olds with low skills, a group of 7 to 9-year-olds with high skills, a group of 10 to 12-year-olds with low skills, and a group of 10 to 12-year-olds with high skills). The salto skill level was determined based on the average score of three judges. To measure mental rotation, the pen and image paper test (with a reliability of 0.75 by Cronbach's alpha method) was used. The results showed that there was no significant difference in mental rotation scores between age groups (p = 0638). However, the scores of mental rotation showed a significant difference between the two groups of skill level (P = .0001). Moreover, mental rotation changed with different skill levels. Therefore, it is possible to change mental characteristics of athletes, including mental rotation by means of skill training.
Ahmad Borjali, Mohammad Rostami,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (volume9, Issue 2 2021)
Abstract
Pharmacological treatment of adult with attention deficit with hyperactive disorder (ADHD) has been shown to be successful; however, medication may not normalize executive functions. The present study was assessed the effect of working memory training program on executive functions of adult with ADHD. Sixteen adults with ADHD and 16 healthy adult participated in the study. After a diagnostic and baseline evaluation, 16 adults with ADHD participate in up to 16 sessions of working memory training program and the outcomes are evaluated. Healthy people did not receive any training. Working memory and attention, were examined prior to and following the interventions. Data analysis revealed that the working memory training used in the present study led to significant improvements of various aspects of attention, including focus and sustain attention and capacity of working memory. The findings indicate that working memory training programs can improve working memory performance and have the potential to facilitate attentional functioning in adult with ADHD as well.
Amir-Homayun Hallajian, Fateme Dehghani-Arani, Reza Rostami, Mozhdeh Bayat, Yasamin Rahmati,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (volume9, Issue 4 2022)
Abstract
The temporo-parietal junction is a key region in the theory of mind process. Numerous brain imaging studies have demonstrated its involvement in the mentalizing process and its under-activation in autism. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between rTPJ activation and implicit mentalizing in autism spectrum disorder. This study is a single-blind Quasi-experimental study with a repetitive measures design. Nine children and adolescents with autism were recruited by convenience sampling method using Gilliam autism rating scale (GARS), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and Stanford-Binet (SB). Afterward, they were assigned to three randomly ordered stimulation sessions: cTBS, iTBS, and sham. Immediately after each session indexes related to the subject’s implicit mentalizing were measured by a computer-based task. Repeated-measures ANOVA results demonstrated that the active stimulation sessions improved implicit mentalizing compared to sham sessions. It seems that there is a causal relation between rTPJ activation and implicit mentalizing.
