Showing 12 results for Age
S. Keshavarz, P. Azadfallah, H. Daneshmandi,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (12-2013)
Abstract
Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mental imagery on the motor performance Enhancement among the athletes in the Sport of Aerobic Dance. In this study which was an experimental research, 40 girl athletes in aerobic dance whose average age was 22.3 participated voluntarily and were put randomly into experimental and control group. Experimental design of the study included 13 sessions of mental imagery (3 days a week and for one month) and at the end of each session physical exercise was performed for the experimental group. Both groups were assessed four times pre-test, middle test, post-test and follow-up (two months after the intervention) were used for the assessment. To assess the subjects, motor performance check-list was used which was made by the coach and an aerobic dance referee in a measuring scale of ten. To analyze the data and to neutralize the effect of pre-test, analysis of covariance was used. According to the results of the study, the changes of the motor performance scale in the middle test, post-test and follow-up were significant. Therefore, it can be concluded that mental imagery can have an effect on the motor performance enhancement.
Ahmad Alipoor, Mahnaz Ali Akbari, Hamid Reza Imanifar, Ehsan Zeraatkar,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2014)
Abstract
The proposed link between brain laterality and individual differences in cognitive tasks provided the theoretical foundation for the present study. The main purpose of this study was to investigate this potential link, specifically between one aspect of brain function, namely hand dominance, and one type of cognitive task, namely the ability to perceive short intervals of time. The sample included 40 girls and 40 boys left hands and 40 girls and 40 boys right hands in school students fasa city that were selected with the help of the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and also time Perception measured with four methods of production, reproduction, verbal estimation and comparison by standard software .Regression analysis showed that age predicted negatively and significantly time perception to the measuring verbal estimation and production method. Handedness was positively and significantly predicted measuring verbal estimation method time perception. Logistic regression results also showed that Handedness predicted the time perception the measuring comparison method. In this study , not showed significantly different between the sexes. Summarizes the results show that right-handed people than left-handers to perceive higher intervals of time but at the time discrepancies are close to each other have more wrong.
Mohammad Naghi Farahani, Mehran Emadi,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (2-2015)
Abstract
The relationship between class management with learning achievement had been attended by different researchers, but the psychological mediators can added the best obvious of this relationship. In the present research, the role of metacognitive knowledge and class management of teachers in predicting of English achievement have been conducted. 221 English teacher-student completed 3 sub-scales of class management (abdollahi, et.al., 2014) and metacognitive believes (vels et.al.,2004). English grade point average of three classes of teachers has been the criterion of English achievement of their students. The results of stepwisel regression analysis showed the class management variables enter in the equation in the first steps. 52 percent of variance of English achievement predicts by 3 component of class management. In the last stage 1 percent of variance of English achievement added to the total of variance. This results show that although the most important of English achievement can predict by class management variables, but the metacognition believes of teachers can increase this prediction.
Keywords: Metacognition, Class Management, English Achievement
Dr Vahid Nejati, Mr Saman Kamari, Mr Esmaeil Shiri, Mr Farhad Radfar,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (3-2016)
Abstract
The purpose of present study is determining semantic network for selected Persian words and designing false memory scale (examination) based on it. This present research is cross sectional studies. In this research, two studies were designed. In the first study, selected word presented to 30 individuals and they should write down related word with free association. Key words (Critical Lure) selected from Roediger Mc Dermot (1995) in false memory scale. In the second study, list of words presented Without key words to 80 participants and recall and recognition of words were measured. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test was used for analysis. Findings show that recall and recognition were significantly correlated (P< 0/001). Key words recall and list word recall are significantly correlated (r=0/66). Recall and recognition are significantly correlated (r= 0/41). Participants recall 19% and recognize 51% of words. Present study prepare word list for false memory test that can be used for study false memory in Persian language.
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Volume 3, Issue 3 (3-2016)
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the Relationship Between Negative Mental Imagery and Executive Functions in People with Social Anxiety Disorder. 300 students were randomly selected in Kharazmi University students and then click SPIN questionnaire and answer questions about mental imagery semi-structured interviews with 60 subjects were selected. 20 of whom had symptoms of social anxiety and negative images, 20 people with social anxiety have a lower specification and images were negative and 20 patients with social anxiety had lower specification and images were negative. Stroop test, word is marked with the letters, Tower of London test was conducted on three groups. But social anxiety group was weaker than normal group with in next time thinking of the Tower of London test and. Three Stroop reaction time, high-frequency words, the previous time thinking and movements showed no significant difference in the Tower of London. Modified negative mental imagery in the social anxiety disorder can be associated with better performance on the executive function of individuals with this disorder.
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Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract
The current research was conducted by the aim of studying the moderator role of age, Intelligence, and gender in relation to the Executive functions and reading function of elementary students.The sample included 250 students (124 boys and 126 girls) in elementary level that were selected by Multi-stage cluster sampling method among students of Karaj. Different functions were measured as these: Reading through reading test of Karami-noori and Moradi, intelligence by Raven's Progressive Matrices, working memory by Memory span test, attention by Continuous Performance Test, and planning and inhibition by Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions (brief). Statistical methods of Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used.The correlation results showed that there is a positive and significant relation between executive functions (working memory, inhibition, subjective planning, and attention) and reading. Regression analysis result showed that intelligence and gender have not a moderator role in the relation of executive functions and reading. But, age had a moderator role in the relation of executive functions and reading. The results of this research was consistent with Miyake's theory that believes executive functions are separate but related to each other, and individual differences of the students in these functions should be considered, because they affect their school performance.
Dr Hadi Keramati, Dr Javad Vefori,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
The present research aims to examine the effect of teaching studying methods of reading and comprehension, note-taking and writing, and exam techniques and stress management with emphasis on cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies on academic achievement and motivation achievement among Iranian students with residency in Tajikistan. For this purpose, using empirical method and multi-group pre-test and post-test design, 80 students were considered in four groups(3 experimental groups and 1 control group). Response was given to Hermans achievement motivation questionnaire by the students at four groups and their Grade Point Average for previous year was registered, and the individuals in the experimental groups were trained during 10 sessions. After intervention, Hermans achievement motivation questionnaire was refilled by the students and their new Grade Point Average was registered. Ultimately, the research data were analyzed via Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results of statistical analyses indicated that training studying techniques of reading and comprehension, note-taking and writing, and exam techniques and stress management affect achievement motivation and academic achievement.
Mrs Simin Zeqeibi Ghannad1, Mr Sirous Alipour, Mrs Manijeh Shehni Yailagh, Alireza Hajiyakhchali,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
mind wandering is a pervasive and common phenomenon of human cognition that its role in performance of any field related to mind is undeniable. This study plans to investigate The causal relationship of mindfulness and mind wandering with mediating strategical engagement regulation, anxiety, depression and working memory. To this, 434 female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz were selected by multistage random sampling method and They got Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Strategic Engagement Regulation Scale, Stress Anxiety Depression Scale, Stress Anxiety Depression Scale, The Working Memory Questionnaire and The Mind Wandering: Deliberate and Mind Wandering: Spontaneous Scale. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS (version 21) and using structural equations modelling method. In order to earn the suitable model fitness indices, the item parceling method was used about mindfulness variable. Finally, on the base of values of some indices (for example, RMSEA = 0/06 and GFI = 0/98), model had a good fit. Also, all paths of the model except two paths: anxiety to working memory and anxiety to mind wandering were significant. In sum, this research results showed that mindfulness plays important role in mind wandering anticipation that transfers this effect through mechanisms as self-regulation, mood and working memory.
Marzie Samimifar, Sahar Bahrami-Khorshid, Soghra Akbari Chermahini, Maryam Esmaeilinasab, Elham Fayyaz,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract
Recent research has indicated the influence of bilingualism on many cognitive and emotional processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of bilingualism in processing anger in Turkish-Persian bilinguals’ first (L1) and second (L2) language. To achieve this goal, 18 Turkish-Persian sequential bilingual students with an average age of 26 from different universities in Tehran were selected with targeted sampling to participate in this quasi-experimental research. Participants completed the language history questionnaire, the General Health questionnaire, and the Positive and Negative affect schedule questionnaire, in addition to a computerized task designed to induce anger and determine the meaningfulness of Turkish and Persian words and non-words. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that the participants significantly spent more time on determining the meaningfulness of words when they were induced with anger in comparison to the normal condition. Moreover, they were significantly slower in selecting Turkish words compared to Persian ones. Regarding the comparison of the two languages in both conditions separately, paired comparison results demonstrated that participants’ reaction time to Turkish words in anger inducing conditions was significantly longer. Thus, it could be proposed that Turkish-Persian bilinguals are more involved in their first language in emotional states, specifically anger states, and the Turkish language has more and deeper emotional associations for them, hence their emotional involvement is stronger for their mother tongue than for their second language.
Najmeh Farahmand, Majid . Chehardahcheric, Robabe Rostami,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age and swimmers’ levels of somersaults skills on mental rotation. This study was conducted as a comparative causal research with a one-stage and post-event design. Participants were female swimmers in Shiraz, who were trained in somersaults. Sixty subjects were selected by the purposive sampling method and then divided into four groups (a group of 7 to 9-year-olds with low skills, a group of 7 to 9-year-olds with high skills, a group of 10 to 12-year-olds with low skills, and a group of 10 to 12-year-olds with high skills). The salto skill level was determined based on the average score of three judges. To measure mental rotation, the pen and image paper test (with a reliability of 0.75 by Cronbach's alpha method) was used. The results showed that there was no significant difference in mental rotation scores between age groups (p = 0638). However, the scores of mental rotation showed a significant difference between the two groups of skill level (P = .0001). Moreover, mental rotation changed with different skill levels. Therefore, it is possible to change mental characteristics of athletes, including mental rotation by means of skill training.
Seyed Esmail Torabi, Hadi Keramati, Javad Kavosian, Hasan Rastegarpoor, Goodarz Alibakhshi,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of the effects of segmentation and redundancy methods on cognitive load and vocabulary learning and comprehension of English lessons in a multimedia learning environment.The purpose of this study is an applied research and a real experimental study. The statistical population of the present study includes all people aged 14 to 16 who are enrolled in language schools in Damghan. The subject of the educational content was to explain the activity of volcanoes in the form of PowerPoint software in a maximum of 10 slides (based on the type of group) to 90 subjects who were randomly divided into six groups (15 people in each group). High segmentation / Audio presentation, High segmentation / Visual presentation, High segmentation / Redundant, Low segmentation / Audio presentation, Low segmentation / Visual presentation, Low segmentation / Redundant were assigned. The research was completely experimental (a completely random 2×3 factor design). Researcher-made test of vocabulary and comprehension learning, prior knowledge assessment and Pass Cognitive Load Scale (1992) were used to collect data. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.The results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction between segmentation method and redundancy method on cognitive load and learning was significant. The results of post hoc test also showed that the High segmentation / Visual presentation group reported significantly lower cognitive load and higher vocabulary and comprehension compared to other groups. According to the obtained results, it can be said that segmentation and redundancy methods are effective in reducing cognitive load and promoting English language learning in a multimedia learning environment.
, Dr Fakhteh Mahini,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (5-2023)
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of possibility language teaching on cognitive avoidance and philosophical thinking of gifted schoolgirls. This study was an experimental study with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of 388 female students of gifted schools in Golestan province.To determine the sample size, according to Krejcie-Morgan table and random sampling method, 185 people were selected for initial screening and answered the cognitive avoidance and philosophical thinking questionnaires.Forty-five people had high cognitive avoidance and low philosophical thinking, of which 30 were selected by simple random sampling and divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent language training for 10 sessions weekly and online through Shad Education Network (25 minutes per session).Covariance statistical method was used to analyze the research data.The results showed that there was a significant difference between the post-test means of the experimental and control groups; This means that the possibility of language teaching reduced the rate of cognitive avoidance and increased the philosophical thinking of students in gifted schools in Golestan province.
