فصلنامه روانشناسی شناختی

The aim of present study was detecting the difference between conscience, positive and negative affection at different levels of moral judgment, and exploring the concurrent effect of conscience and affections (positive and negative) at different levels of moral judgment. In this comparative study, 160 male and female undergraduate students of Kharazmi University in 1391-92 academic year completed the Moral Development Test "Ma", Gordon's Five-Factor Questionnaire and Positive and Negative Experience Scale. Discriminant analysis was used for data analysis. Results showed that conscience cannot distinguish different levels of moral judgment from each other and they are first negative and then positive affection which can distinguish one level of moral judgment from the others. Negative affection has greatest role at the concurrent relation of conscience and affections (positive and negative) in predicting the levels of moral judgment, and conscience and positive affections lose their diagnosis power. The above findings will be discussed based on trait perspectives, Kohlberg's theory about the characteristics of each of the levels and the role of affections in predict the behavior of judgment.

In recent years, research on increasing cognitive and psychological status through play has received much attention. For this purpose, there are two categories of game including interactive home game and cognitive game that the first run in the home environment and the latter is implemented as computer software to increase cognitive abilities. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive computer games and parent-child interactive games on problem solving and positive and negative affects in children. For this purpose, 40 10-year-old children in Shiraz were selected by available sampling method in 4 groups included Lumosity game (10 people), home game (10 people), combination of Lumosity and home game (10 people) and control group (10 people). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Based on the significance of Pillai test, there is a difference between the groups in terms of two variables of problem solving and positive and negative affect. Binary comparisons of the groups showed that there was a significant difference between the Lumosity and control groups in terms of problem solving. Also, the combination group with the control group and home group, and the Lumosity group with the control group had a significant difference in terms of positive affect. Acording to the results of the present study, it is suggested that Lumosity game be used to increase problem-solving ability and Lumosity game and the combination of Lumosity and home game to increase pleasant feelings and positive affects in 10-year-olds.