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Maryam Ramezani, Shahram Mohammadkhani, Jafar Hasani, Mehdi Akbari, Mohammad Hatami,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract

Over the years, weight loss motivation has been introduced as an important factor in weight loss and its stability. The purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Motivation for Weight Loss Questionnaire (WLM-Q) among overweight and obese Individuals. In this study, the Persian version of the WLM-Q prepared using back-translation was administrated to 453 individuals referring to diet therapy centres in Tehran. The internal consistency of the Persian version of the WLM-Q was assessed via Cronbach’s alpha. Moreover, the factor structure of the scale was assessed using confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. The results of Cronbach's alpha for the whole scale was 0.82 and for the three extracted factors of health, appearance in relation to others, and appearance in relation to oneself, were 0.86, 0.85 and 0.74 respectively. The results indicated the desirable internal consistency of the scale and its components. The outcome of confirmatory factor analysis supported the factor structure obtained from exploratory factor analysis and the fit indices demonstrated a good model fit. In general, it can be concluded that the Persian version of the WLM-Q has desirable psychometric properties and is a reliable instrument for research and clinical settings.

Peyman Mamsharifi, Faramarz Sohrabi, Hanieh Rezaeifar, Haniye Rouzbehani, Nazanin Asadi, Sara Shabanian Aval Khansari, Zahra Roshanghias,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to predict mental health based on social support and personality traits. The method of this research is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was all members of Red Crescent Society of seven provinces of Iran (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan, Gilan, Kerman and Hormozgan) that 218 of them were selected the census method as the research sample. Measurement tools include, Social Support Questionnaire, Symptom Check List-25 and Neo Five Factor Inventory. Then data was analyzed by Pearson correlation and Stepwise regression. The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between social support and mental health. There was also a significant positive relationship between neurotic personality dimension and mental health (high scores in the mental health questionnaire indicate low mental health). The results of stepwise regression analysis also showed that social support and neurotic personality dimension were able to explain and predict 20% of the variance of the mental health. Based on the research results, it can be said that social support and personality traits can play a significant role in promoting mental health in individuals and the need to pay attention to these important variables in mental health promotion programs should be considered.

Sepideh Farajpour Niri, Micheal Bakhshesh Boroujeni, Majid Mahmood Aliloo,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract

Nowadays, the internet is one of the essential parts of student life, and its addiction is causing many problems. This study aimed to model structural equations of borderline and psychopathic personality traits with internet addiction and mediating distress intolerance. Participants included male and female students of Tabriz University. Two hundred sixty students were selected by cluster sampling and completed the Borderline Personality and Levinson's Psychopathic Traits questionnaire, Young's Internet Addiction Test, and Simon and Gaher's distress tolerance Scale. Finally, 240 questionnaires were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results showed that borderline and psychopathic personality traits directly affected internet addiction, and distress tolerance was a significant mediator of these relationships. It is suggested to consider the role of distress tolerance in people with borderline and psychopathic traits in the study and intervention of internet addiction.

Saeed Ariapooran, Samira Rezaiy Aziazabadi, Yadollah Ghaseipour,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disease that affects many people, especially young women. Patients with MS experience psychological problems. The aim of this study was to compare the social well-being, spiritual well-being and emotion regulation strategies in multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients and non-patients. In this causal-comparison research, the statistical population consisted of 700 patients with MS in Kermanshah. Among the population, 149 patients were selected by convenience sampling method. Among non- patients, 149 people were matched in age and gender with the patients group. Data were collected using the Social well-being, Spiritual well-Being and Emotion Regulation Scales. The results of two-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance showed that the spiritual health and its components (religious and existential well-being), social well-being and its three dimensions (social flourishing, social acceptance, and social adaptation) and emotional reappraisal in patients with MS were lower than non-patients. But there was no significant difference between the emotional suppression in two groups. The results have important implications in attending to the terms of social well-being, spiritual well-being and emotion regulation strategies in patients with MS. Based on the results, improving social and spiritual well-being and increasing the patient's emotion regulation strategies are recommended through spiritual and social health education and training the emotion regulation strategies.

Saman Nonahal, Shahram Mohammadkhani, Jafar Hasani, Mehdi Akbari,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Valuing Questionnaire (VQ) in people who engaged in weight loss or weight loss maintenance. In this descriptive study, 420 men and women were selected through consecutive sampling and respond to the Persian version of the VQ and the Self-compassion Scale (SCS). To assess the validity of the questionnaire, construct validity (exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis) and convergent validity was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed via internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis of VQ’s items revealed two factors named progress and obstruction, but, at the item level, it was different from the original model of the questionnaire. For two extracted factors, Cronbach’s alphas range was 0.73 to 0.85 suggesting satisfying reliability of the Persian version of the VQ.  Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two factor model of the questionnaire, and fit indices indicated a good model fit. The convergent validity of the questionnaire was also adequate. The Persian version of the VQ has adequate reliability and validity in Iranian society and is a good self-report for research and clinical settings.

Sara Ghasemzadeh Barki, Mahnaz Shahgholian Ghahfarokhi,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2020)
Abstract

Stress is one of the mental disorders is one of the effective factors in the incidence of negative effects during pregnancy that can lead to adverse physical and mental consequences in pregnant women. Pregnant women with the prevalence of Covid 19 disease due to the experience of quarantine and fear of infection the disease and losing the embryo have increased stress and mental health problems, which have added to the problems of pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in redacting perceived stress in pregnant women during the Covid -19 pandemic. This research was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test and follow up with control group. The sample population consisted of 30 Pregnant Women who were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The present research tools are the perceived stress questionnaire (cohen, 1983) and acceptance and commitment therapy (Hayes, 2013). The experimental group received the acceptance and commitment therapy for 8 sessions, each for 90 minutes as online, and The control not received any intervention. Data analysis was performed by the Repeated measures analysis method. The finding indicates that acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) led to reducing perceived stress in pregnant women (P<_ 0.01). Considering the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), it can be mentioned that to improve the mental health of Pregnant Women and relieve their stress during the Covid 19 pandemic, which leads to physical and mental damage to mother and child, such these Interventions seem necessary and important.

Ahmad Alipour, Mahnaz Ali Akbari Dehkordi, Elhan Mousavi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (2-2021)
Abstract

This study is a case report that aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LEARN multifaceted stress management program in reducing perceived stress and improving irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. The research samples, were two women with severe IBS, selected from the ones seeing a gastroenterology subspecialist in Zafar area of Tehran, via convenience sampling method and based on inclusion-exclusion criteria. Perceived stress and severity of IBS symptoms were measured by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and GISR scale respectively, before intervention, during implementation and three months after the end of sessions. Findings’ analysis using graph drawing and remission index calculation with that formula, represented the effectiveness of LEARN multifaceted stress management program in perceived stress reduction and IBS symptoms improvement. Also, this improvement was maintained in the range of 50% to 56%, in three-month follow-up after the intervention. Therefore, based on biopsychosocial model, due to effective components of LEARN multifaceted program, this program can be considered as a suitable treatment option for IBS.

Mohammad Saeed Azami, Farhad Taremian,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (2-2021)
Abstract

Cyberbullying is defined as a willful and repeated harm, inflicted through computer, cell phones and other electronic devices. In this article, the prevalence of cyberbullying and demographic characteristic of the people who were involved in this phenomenon, has been studied. 425 boys and girls in Kermanshah’s high school had been selected using randomized cluster procedure. The prevalence of cyberbullying was 7.7 percent, cybervictimization was 10.9 percent, and cyberbully-victim was 31.4 percent and 50.0 percent of the students weren’t involved. The result of demographic characteristics showed that more than half of boys and less than half of girls were involved in cyberbullying. Students who were involved in cyberbullying, had weaker religious beliefs in family and reported worse parent-child relationships. They also had more daily internet use and using social network is what they do the most on the internet. Results of other demographic characteristic is shown in their own tables. The prevalence of cyberbullying and cybervictimization is aligned with other countries but cyberbully-victims’ rates are higher. Results of some of the demographic characteristics showed pretty interesting differences that must be considered in future studies.

Saeed Akbari Zardkhaneh, Baharehalsadat Heidariehzadeh, Ali Mohammad Zanganeh, Nader Mansourkiaei, Siamak Tahmasebi Garmatani, Mohsen the Glory of Knowledge, Seideinollah Teimori,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (2-2021)
Abstract

Due to the great importance of mental health students screening and lack of an appropriate native tool that was prepared based on prevalent psychopathological problems in students, the aim of this study was to provide an Short Scale-Electronic Secondary Adolescent Mental Health Problems-Teacherchr('39')s Edition.The purpose of the present study was to conduct a descriptive survey in terms of purpose of applied research. The statistical population of this study was second year high school students in Sivik province in the year 1396-97 with a total of 3761 students. Results: The results of item analysis showed that most items have the necessary conditions for tool presence. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the eight-item 40-item model could be considered as the most appropriate scale factor structure. Factor correlation coefficients ranged from 0.7 to 0.94, and item-to-item correlation coefficients ranged from 0.63 to 0.82. Also, the coefficients of correlation between short and long-range factors were between 0.65 and 0.97. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the resulting psychometric properties indicate the suitability of the short form of psychological health questionnaire for screening practices in the student population. 
Arezo Zarebi, Fateme Jafari, Simin Hosseinian, Abaas Abdollahi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (2-2021)
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to prepare a Persian version of the Dias, Compos, Almeida and Palha (2018) Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLQ) and to examine its psychometric properties. For this purpose, 346 undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students of Shahroud University were selected in the academic year of 1398-99 through the available sampling. They completed the Persian version of the MHLQ (2018), Attitude Scale - Fischer and Farina (1995) - Short Form, questionnaire, and Health Anxiety inventory - Salkovskis & Warwick - Short Form (2002), and Beck Depression Questionnaire. The results of compound reliability for all subscales were more than 0.5, which indicates the desired reliability of the scale. CVR was more than 0.62 percent and the CVI was more than 0.75 percent, indicating the appropriate content validity of the scale. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor load of the items is more than 0.15 and all the routes from the items to the variable hidden at the level. 0.5 were significant and the scale had a good construct validity. An examination of the validity of the structure using CFA showed that the scale has a factor structure consisting of 4 subscales. The study of validity at the same time as calculating the correlation of this scale with the scale of attitude with the help of psychological psychologists - Fisher and Farina (1995) short form, Health Anxiety Questionnaire - Salkoskis and Varvik short form (2002), indicates a positive relationship between scale scores. The results indicate that the mental health literacy questionnaire is a valid and appropriate tool for use in Iranian society.

Mozhgan Rezvani Shakib, Zahra Abdekhodaei,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (2-2021)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe and compare the lived experience of middle-aged people with the phenomenon of Covid-19 and quarantine experience in the first and second peaks of the disease. This qualitative study was done by descriptive phenomenological method. 10 middle-aged participants (41 to 65 years old) were chosen by purposive sampling method and interviewed in depth, during two peaks of corona in Iran. Data were saturated with 7 interviews and to make sure, 10 people were interviewed. Data obtained from the interviews were analyzed by the seven-step Colaizzi’s method. The present study achieved 10 main themes and 28 sub-themes. Key topics included first encounter, worries, beliefs, dealing, and the role of religion, family relationships, existential concerns, post-corona growth and the experience of infecting relatives. It seems that in the first peak of Corona, middle-aged people experienced anxiety, which over time, decreased by turning to religion, the principles of hygiene and avoidance. The remarkable point of the present study is that middle-aged people have experienced more acceptance of the crisis and the resulting situation than experiencing growth and change in the two corona peaks. In fact, middle-aged people try to adjust to their limitations and are less concerned about changing their lifestyle.

Shokoofeh Bakhshi, Dr Mohammad Ali Sepahvandi, Dr Simin Gholamrezaei,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease associated with high levels of stress and significant negative impact on patients' quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on quality of life and perceived stress in patients with psoriasis. This study was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The study statistical population included all the patients with psoriasis referred to specialized dermatology clinics in Khorramabad. The patients were first screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then 24 patients with psoriasis were selected through convenience sampling method and randomly allocated into experimental and control groups. The instrumental of this study was perceived stress scale and Dermatology Life Quality Index.The experimental group received MBSR intervention during eight sessions. Data analysis was done at descriptive and inferential levels using SPSS (23) and with normality tests, MANCOVA and ANCOVA. The results indicated that MBSR was effective in improving quality of life and reducing the perceived stress in patients with psoriasis and the effect of treatment was stable at the follow-up (p<0.001). MBSR can be used as an effective intervention to improve quality of life and reduce the perceived stress in patients with psoriasis.

Dr Samaneh Khazaei, Dr Shokouh Navabinejad, Dr Valiollah Farzad, Dr Kianoosh Zahrakar,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract

This study has been aimed to investigate the mediating role of feelings of shame and guilt in the relationship of the attachment styles and covert relational aggression (CRA) in marriage. The present study is a correlational study as a type of structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of 320 married couples collected by convenience sampling in Birjand Collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and SEM methods. The results of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between research variables. Testing the conceptual model showed that feelings of shame and guilt had a significant mediating role in the relationship between anxiety attachment style and CRA (love withdrawal and social sabotage). According to the results, anxious attachment style has more effect on feelings of shame and guilt. The results indicated the effective role of secure attachment styles, anxiety and avoidance on love withdrawal. Feelings of shame had a significant positive relationship with both CRA and feelings of guilt had a significant relationship only with social sabotage. The results of the mediator role also showed a significant role of shame and guilt in the relationship between anxiety attachment style and CRA (love withdrawal and social sabotage).

Dr. Mahdieh Rahmanian, Dr. Mohammad Oraki, Mrs. Fahimeh Mirzadeh Ahari,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy anxiety and cigarette craving. The present research is a quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test with the experimental and control group. The statistical population consisted of all smokers who were referred to health centers in 22nd district of Tehran in the spring of 1396. 30 Individuals were selected by available sampling method. The subjects were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. To measure anxiety, the Spielberger questionnaire and cigarette craving, Fagerstrom questionnaire were used. After selecting the experimental and control group, interventional training on mindfulness based cognitive therapy on the experimental group was performed for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and one session per week. One-way covariance analysis was used to analyze the data.  Data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of post test scores of the experimental and control groups in anxiety and cigarette craving (p<0.01); as mindfulness based cognitive therapy reduced anxiety and cigarette craving in experimental group.  Generally, could be showed that mindfulness based cognitive therapy could improve the psychological components of smoking cessation.

Azadeh Saffarzadeh, Abbas Rahiminezhad, Hadi Bahrami Ehsan, Azam Noferesti, Nazila Shahmansouri,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract

Fear of death is a global and cultural issue. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a scale for afterlife fears in the Iranian sample. This study was an exploratory sequential mixed method design. The Qualitative phase included semi-structured interviews with 12 acute cardiac patients. The content of patients answers about afterlife fears rearranged as 14 items for quantitative phase. At the quantitative phase, 313 subjects (230 women and 83 men) were selected from Tehran city and carried out the questionnaires online. For studying construct validity of Afterlife Fear Scale, the responses of normal sample analyzed by exploratory factor analysis method. For assessing the concurrent validity of new Afterlife Fears Scale, its correlation with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II, 1996) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES, 1965) were calculated. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, principal component extraction method and parallel analysis. Three factors were extracted which were named as "fear of punishment and grave torment", "loneliness and abandonment" and "longing and confidence in God", respectively. The internal consistency method was used to determine the reliability of the scale. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the subscales ranged from .63 to .88, which indicated the appropriate internal consistency of the scale and its components. The Afterlife Fears Scale has good reliability and validity in the Iranian Muslim sample and can be used to identify the underpinning fears of cardiovascular patients and anxiety reduction interventions, as well as cross-cultural comparisons.   

Behzad Taghipuor, Seyede Fatemeh Sharifi, Fariba Abdi, Roqayeh Barzegaran,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (2-2022)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the role self-compassion and temperament character dimensions and in predicting quality of life women with musculoskeletal pain. This descriptive study is of correlative kind. Population ofthe research includes all the patients suffering from musculoskeletal pains who had referred to medical centers of Ardabil City. Sample of the study was 210 patients suffering from musculoskeletal pains whom were selected by an available manner. For collecting data, questionnaires ofself-compassion Raes & et al (2011), Temperament and character dimension Cloninger et al (1994) andquality of life were used. Obtained data was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regressions.The results of analyzing the multiple regressions showed that self-compassion (%31),dimensions of temperament (%22) and dimensions of character (%31) explained the common variance of quality of lifeWorld Health Organization (1989).These findings show that self compassion and temperament and characterdimensions  has a considerable role in predicting quality of life of the patients suffering from musculoskeletal pains. These results have important implications in prevention, pathology and clinical deal.

Ms Arefeh Ranjbar, Ms Maryam Janfada,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (2-2022)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of early maladaptive schemas and Stress Coping Strategies of mothers on the quality of life of children 1 to 6 years old during the COVID-19 Epidemic. The method of this study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included all mothers with children aged 1 to 6 yearsThe sample consisted of 325 mothers who completed the questionnaires online. Data were collected using Early Maladaptive Scheme (YSQ- SF), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (Ciss), TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life Questionnaire (TAPQOL). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of multiple regression. Results showed 32% of quality of life of children variance during COVID-19 Epidemic can be explained by early maladaptive schemas and Stress Coping Strategies of mothers.The results of regression analyses revealed that maladaptive schemas of Emotional deprivation, Abandonment, Social Isolation, Defectiveness / Shame, Dependence, Vulnerability to harm or illness, Enmeshment/underdeveloped self and  Unrelenting standards of mothers predicts on the quality of life of children during the COVID-19 Epidemic.Thus , training of appropriate strategies for mothers to reduce the maladaptive schemas and to teach proper coping strategies For increase quality of life of children is essential.

Hannaneh Panahipour, Nahid Hoseininezhad, Mahsima Pourshahriari,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2022)
Abstract

One of the most common childhood disorders is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its interaction with parental behaviors. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) on reducing verbal and non-verbal violence of mothers and symptoms of ADHD in preschool children. The method of the study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included preschool children with ADHD symptoms and their mothers in Tehran. Twenty of these children and their mothers were selected using convenience sampling method and were matched and randomly assigned in experimental (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 90 minutes in PCIT sessions. The instruments included the Connors’ Parent Rating Scale and the Parent Behavior Screening. Data analysis using MANCOVA in SPSS version 22 showed that the scores of verbal and non-verbal violence of mothers, also the symptoms of ADHD decreased in the post-test compared to the pre-test (p <0.001) and treatment has a significant effect on reducing mothers’ verbal and non-verbal violence and symptoms of ADHD. It can be concluded PCIT could decrease the severity of ADHD symptoms in children and mothers' verbal and non-verbal violence.
 
Miss Sara Esfandyari Garkerudi, Dr. Abbas Abolghasemi, Dr. Seyyed Mousa Kafi,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract

Despite abundant research, there are still ambiguities and challenges about such variables as thought control strategies, valued living and appearance-based rejection sensitivity in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder. This descriptive) casual-comparative( study compared thought control strategies, valued living and appearance-based rejection sensitivity among college students with and without body dysmorphic disorder. Out of the statistical population of the study, all male and female students of Guilan University in the academic year of 1399-1400, 110 individuals with body dysmorphic disorder and 163 individuals without body dysmorphic disorder were sampled based on availability sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaires on thought control, valued living and appearance-based rejection sensitivity. The results showed that in the students with body dysmorphic disorder, thought control strategies and appearance-based rejection sensitivity were significantly higher and valued living was significantly lower (p≤0.01). As for the thought control strategies, the body dysmorphic disorder students used worry, punishment and social control to a greater extent, and strategies of distraction and reappraisal to a lesser extent; concerning valued living, the importance and consistency attributed to domains of valued living was lower in the body dysmorphic students (p<0.01). These findings have implications for the pathology, prevention and treatment of the disorder.
Dr Jafar Shabani, Dr Alireza Ghorbani, Miss Sedighe Mir,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this article is to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive therapy group training based on mindfulness on academic vitality and social health. Method: Quantitative-applied research of an experimental type with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group, and the statistical population includes all female students of the first grade of high school in Bandar Anzali city, who were randomly divided into two groups of 20 people, controlled and tested. Martin and Marsh's (2008) academic vitality questionnaires, Keyes and Shapiro's (2004) social health questionnaires, as well as the mindfulness training protocol have been used as the intervention variable of the research for data collection tools. To test the hypotheses, univariate covariance analysis was used using SPSS software. Findings: The research results showed that mindfulness training is effective on academic vitality and social health. Conclusion: Mindfulness training improves the social health and academic vitality of female students.
 

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