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The goal of this research was to compare the intimacy and interpersonal experience anger in people with obsessive-compulsive, anxiety and normal group. The sample of the study included 90 Participants (30 patients with obsessive–Compulsive disorder, 30 patients with generalized anxiety disorder, and 30 normal subjects) that were selected by convenience sampling. Participants completed Multidimensional Anger Inventory (MAI), Quality of relationship inventory (QRI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The analysis of the data showed, in the quality of intimate relationships the average of the participants' scores only had significant difference in subscale in social support. The average of social support in individual with generalized anxiety was different with the normal group. The average of the GAD group was more than normal group in total scale of anger. Both clinical group had more scores of normal group in arousal and experience inner anger was more in OCD group. The results revealed the some similar aspects of disorders that can be useful in pathological and treatment of disorders.

The applications  of  electrical  stimulation of  the  brain , which include invasive and non-invasive methods , are now burgeoning in the fields of neuroscience. The aim of this study, was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in reducing the smoke craving and the rates of stress. Therefore, using random sampling and snowball method, in the population of smokers in the students of kharazmi university, we selected 20 subjects and assigned them in experimental and control group. The instrument used in this study, was the smoking urge questionnaire (SCQ) and stress subscale of depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS). Analysis of covariance and t-test of diminished scores showed that there are significant differences between groups in rates of craving and stress in post-test stage (respectively, 0.035 & 0.000, p<0.05).in addition, the number of used cigarette reduced after interventions (0.029,p<0.05). Generally, tDCS had an effective role in reduction of smoke craving and stress in experimental group.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-knowledge process (integrative self-knowledge and mindfulness) and self control in regulating of relationship between perceived and objective stress and anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms. 217 firefighters were selected by simple stratified sampling from 22 stations. They responded to integrative self-knowledge (Ghorbani et al.,2008), mindfulness (Brown & Ryan.,2003), self control (Tangeny et al.,2004) perceived stress (Cohen et al., 1983) objective stress (made in this research), anxiety and depression(Costello & Comrey.,1967) scals  and symptoms check list(Bartone.,1995). The results showed the interaction between integrative self- knowledge and self control has the most role in regulating the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety, depression and physical symptoms. Objective stress influenced by perceived stress that emphasized on importance of subjectivity of stress.Finally, Findings indicate the mediating role of self-knowledge process in relationship between stress and anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms.

 The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Persian language version of the ambivalence over emotional expression questionnaire (AEQ). Translation-back translation was used to prepare the Persian version of AEQ. A convenience sample of 521 students from three universities in Tehran in 2015-2016 was examined.  We assessed validity of the questionnaire by  construct validity (via exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis) and convergent validity. Cronbach alpha, split half reliability, test-retest reliability coefficients were used for assessing reliablity. Exploratory factor analysis of AEQ’s items showed two factors named ambivalence over expression of positive emotions and ambivalence over expression of negative emotions. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure resulted from exploratory factor analysis which was different from the proposed factors in original questionaire. For total questionnaire and two extracted factors, Cronbach alphas were between 0.77 and 0.86, the Spearman–Brown coefficients were between 0.77 and 0.88 and the test- retest reliability coefficients were between 0.72 and 0.79. The results of this study indicated that this questionnaire have  appropriate psychometric properties among Iranian Population.

The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between positive and negative self-reference traits and positivity components. The study was descriptive and correlational research. The Statistical population included all undergraduate and postgraduate students at Shahid Beheshti University that 187 students (82 boys and 105 girls) were selected by convenience sampling. Research tools consisted of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Snyder hope scale, life orientation questionnaire and checklist the self-reference traits. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between happiness and life expectancy with positive and negative traits of self-reference. Optimism was not associated with positive and negative traits of self-reference. Also, positive traits of self-reference were negatively associated with negative traits of self-reference. On the other hand, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that happiness and hope were predictors of positive traits of self-reference.  Also, negative traits of self-reference were predicted by hope. It seems that processing negative and positive information related to the self were influenced by happiness and positive life expectancy. Self-Reference paradigm was an appropriate approach for conducting researches in positive psychology research.
 

Risk behaviors are more common in HIV-positive population than general population and are affected by various factors such as biological factors, lifestyle, family functioning and etc.. The aim of this research is to investigate how family functioning leads to risk behaviors in this population.
Methods: This research was conducted on 147 HIV-positive individuals and we used convenience sampling for data gathering. Sample size was chosen based on the questionnaire's subscales. We used Risk Behaviors Scale (RBS), FACESS, HPLP and balloon analogue risk test (BART), to assess risky decision making. The data were analyzed using Lisrel software and structural equation modeling method.
Findings: Findings suggests that there is a negative and meaningful relationship between family functioning and risk behaviors and un-direct effects were found because of two mediator factors of lifestyle and risky decision making.
Conclusion: Whatever family functioning becomes ameliorated, lifestyle improves and risky decision making declines and the possibility of risk behaviors will be reduced. Targeting family factors can be helpful to the interventions designed to reduce risk behaviors of HIV infected individuals.
 

Nowadays, the Internet and social networks are used extensively and sometimes pathologically. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of borderline personality traits and rejection sensitive in predicting membership in social networks. In this descriptive and correlational study, among 200 high school teachers (111 females and 89 male) of Khusfe city, South Khorasan province, 182 teachers were selected by census method and then they were asked to complete borderline personality scale, rejection sensitive questionnaire and a questionnaire on membership in social networks. To test the hypotheses, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis were used. Results showed that rejection sensitivity and borderline personality traits had a role in predicting membership in social networks and these two variables accounted for 27% variance of membership in social networks. It seems that having borderline personality traits and rejection sensitivity in actual interpersonal relations are effective factors in a tendency to use social networks more and compulsorily.

The purpose of this study was to investigate effectiveness an antibullying parent management training on Student's Victimization and Cognitive Emotion Regulation. This research was semi-experimental design with pre test-post test design and control group. The statistical population of study was all primary schools city of Karaj in academic year of 96-97  and the statistical sample was one of schools in the 12th district of Karaj was selected by random cluster sampling. Then 36 victim students of the fourth and fifth level were selected using California's bully-victimization questionnaire and Granofsky's cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups of 18 Parents of the experimental group underwent parent management training in 9 sessions of 90 minutes(one session per week). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and analysis of covariance. The findings of the study showed that parent management training had a significant effect on reducing the victimization and improving the emotion regulation of students. This study showed the effectiveness of parent management training on reduceing victimization and improve cognitive emotion regulation in students.