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The Effect of Schema Therapy on Improving Job Satisfaction and Strengthening Organizational Commitment of Employees with Maladaptive Schemas
Saba Sedaghatzadeh,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees with early maladaptive schemas in a rehabilitation center for children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran. The research method was a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest design with a control group and a follow-up phase. The statistical population included all employees of the autism center between October and November 2025, from which 30 eligible individuals were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 individuals in each group). The experimental group underwent 10 90-minute schema therapy sessions based on the protocol of Yang et al. (2014) and Arentz et al., while the control group remained on the waiting list. The research instruments included Spector's Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JSS), Allen and Meyer's Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ), and Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YSQ-SF). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and post hoc tests. The results showed that schema therapy significantly increased job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the experimental group compared to the control group, and this effect remained largely stable at the follow-up stage (P<0.01). The findings indicate that modifying early maladaptive schemas can lead to improved job attitudes and strengthened psychological bonds between employees and the organization by improving emotion regulation, reducing cognitive distortions, and increasing healthy adult mindset. Overall, schema therapy as a foundational intervention can play an effective role in improving the occupational mental health of employees in rehabilitation centers.

The mediating role of body image concern in the relationship between metacognitive beliefs, emotion dysregulation, and intolerance of uncertainty with the severity of bulimia nervosa in women with bulimia nervosa
Ms Khadijeh Miadi, Dr Soheila Rahmani,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of body image concerns in the relationship between metacognitive beliefs, emotional dysregulation, and intolerance of uncertainty with the severity of bulimia nervosa symptoms in women. This study was descriptive-correlational and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all women with bulimia nervosa referring to medical centers in Tehran in 1403, from which 250 people were selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included the Body Image Concerns Questionnaire, Metacognitive Beliefs Questionnaire, Difficulty in Regulating Emotions Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and Eating Disorder Assessment Questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using AMOS software. The results showed that metacognitive beliefs, emotional dysregulation, and intolerance of uncertainty have a positive and significant relationship with body image concerns; also, body image concerns had a significant relationship with the severity of bulimia nervosa symptoms. Path analysis showed that all three variables mentioned have an indirect and significant effect on the severity of bulimia nervosa symptoms through body image concerns. As a result, it can be said that body image concerns play an important mediating role in the relationship between cognitive-emotional variables and the severity of bulimia nervosa disorder; accordingly, therapeutic interventions should focus on correcting dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs, improving emotion regulation, and increasing tolerance for uncertainty in order to reduce the symptoms of bulimia nervosa disorder in patients by reducing body image concerns.

Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment‑Based Mindfulness Exercises on Emotional Schemas of Shame and Emotional Expression in Adolescent Boys with High Social Anxiety
Saba Sedaghatzadeh, Dr Sima Farzaneh,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (6-2026)
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on the emotional schema of shame and emotional expressivity in adolescent boys with high social anxiety in District 13 of Tehran. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all male students in the first and second levels of secondary school with high social anxiety in the 2025–2026 academic year. Using a multistage cluster sampling method, 30 students whose scores on the Social Anxiety Questionnaire were above the cutoff point were selected and randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The research instruments included the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (2002), the Emotional Expressivity Scale (King & Emmons, 1990), and the Social Anxiety Questionnaire (Connor et al., 2000). The experimental group received Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in eight 120-minute sessions, whereas the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance in SPSS version 26. The results indicated that the effects of time, group, and the interaction between time and group on the dependent variables were statistically significant . Furthermore, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy led to a significant and sustained reduction in the emotional schema of shame and a significant increase in emotional expressivity in the experimental group compared with the control group at the posttest and follow-up stages. Based on the findings, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can be considered an effective intervention for reducing the emotional schema of shame and improving emotional expressivity in adolescents with social anxiety.

Comparison effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy self-control of male prisoners in Kermanshah prison
Mr Reza Akbaree, Mr Masoud Shabazi, Ms Sedeh Zahara Alvavi, Ms Maryam Gholamzadeh,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (6-2026)
Abstract
Given the prevalence of impulse control problems and poor self-control among prisoners and its role in the continuation of risky behaviors and recidivism, identifying effective psychological interventions to improve this ability seems essential. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy on the level of self-control of male prisoners in Kermanshah prison. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group with a three-month follow-up period. The statistical population of this study included male prisoners in Kermanshah in 1403. 45 prisoners were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental (30 people) and control (15 people) groups. Acceptance and commitment therapy was implemented in 8 90-minute sessions and schema therapy in 10 90-minute sessions each, in a group setting. The self-control scale was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed in SPSS-24 statistical software using repeated measures analysis of variance. Using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test, the results of pairwise comparisons between measurement stages showed that there was a significant difference in the treatment groups between the pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores; this indicates the effect of the treatments in increasing self-control in the two treatment groups; however, no significant difference was observed between the post-test and follow-up; this finding alone does not prove the stability of the treatment effect. In the intergroup comparison, the results also showed that there was no significant difference between the two treatments at follow-up (P<0.05); and also that the two treatments were effective in increasing self-control compared to the control group at follow-up (P<0.05). Therefore, the research hypotheses that both treatment approaches are effective on self-control are confirmed and no significant difference was observed in their effectiveness on the dependent variable. According to the findings of this study, two interventions, acceptance and commitment therapy and schema therapy, had a similar effect on the self-control of male prisoners in Kermanshah Prison. Accordingly, it is suggested that these interventions be used in the rehabilitation and education of prisoners.

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