Journal of

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spirituality on the lifestyle and the percentages of the white blood cells in the depressed aged subjects. A quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test was used. Statistical society of research consisted of the total depressed aged subjects of an aged house (Mehr aged house, Karaj city, Alborze province, Iran).The subjects were divided into two equal groups (12 experimental group and 12 control group) and they responded the lifestyle questionnaire. Then, the percentages of the white blood cells were measured using the flowcytometry method. The experimental group received 14 sessions of the spiritual intervention, then lifestyle and the percentages of the white blood cells were measured. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups after the intervention on the lifestyle (health, disease prevention, mental health, spiritual health and social health) and the percentages of the white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes) (P≤0.05).Thus, spirituality, as a protective factor can promote the health of aged subjects, due to improvement of lifestyle and higher percentages of the white blood cells.

The aim of the present study was to prepare a Persian version of the Dias, Compos, Almeida and Palha (2018) Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLQ) and to examine its psychometric properties. For this purpose, 346 undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students of Shahroud University were selected in the academic year of 1398-99 through the available sampling. They completed the Persian version of the MHLQ (2018), Attitude Scale - Fischer and Farina (1995) - Short Form, questionnaire, and Health Anxiety inventory - Salkovskis & Warwick - Short Form (2002), and Beck Depression Questionnaire. The results of compound reliability for all subscales were more than 0.5, which indicates the desired reliability of the scale. CVR was more than 0.62 percent and the CVI was more than 0.75 percent, indicating the appropriate content validity of the scale. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor load of the items is more than 0.15 and all the routes from the items to the variable hidden at the level. 0.5 were significant and the scale had a good construct validity. An examination of the validity of the structure using CFA showed that the scale has a factor structure consisting of 4 subscales. The study of validity at the same time as calculating the correlation of this scale with the scale of attitude with the help of psychological psychologists - Fisher and Farina (1995) short form, Health Anxiety Questionnaire - Salkoskis and Varvik short form (2002), indicates a positive relationship between scale scores. The results indicate that the mental health literacy questionnaire is a valid and appropriate tool for use in Iranian society.

The aim of this study was to describe and compare the lived experience of middle-aged people with the phenomenon of Covid-19 and quarantine experience in the first and second peaks of the disease. This qualitative study was done by descriptive phenomenological method. 10 middle-aged participants (41 to 65 years old) were chosen by purposive sampling method and interviewed in depth, during two peaks of corona in Iran. Data were saturated with 7 interviews and to make sure, 10 people were interviewed. Data obtained from the interviews were analyzed by the seven-step Colaizzi’s method. The present study achieved 10 main themes and 28 sub-themes. Key topics included first encounter, worries, beliefs, dealing, and the role of religion, family relationships, existential concerns, post-corona growth and the experience of infecting relatives. It seems that in the first peak of Corona, middle-aged people experienced anxiety, which over time, decreased by turning to religion, the principles of hygiene and avoidance. The remarkable point of the present study is that middle-aged people have experienced more acceptance of the crisis and the resulting situation than experiencing growth and change in the two corona peaks. In fact, middle-aged people try to adjust to their limitations and are less concerned about changing their lifestyle.