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The aim of this research was comparison of the effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy(MBCT) and Transcranial direct-current Stimulation(tDCS) in pain intensity and quality of life and their subcomponents on fibromyalgia patients. The study was semi-experimental pre-post treatment design. 36 fibromyalgia patients were selected and randomly classified into three MBCT, tDCS and sham group. The members of these groups were asked to complete short form of McGill Pain questionnaire and SF-36 Quality of life questionnaire before and after the intervention. Multivariate Covariance analysis showed that in terms of the pain intense variable, while both treatments were effective, but no significant differences between MBCT and tDCS treatment was seen(P<0.05) In terms of quality of life, the MBCT method was significantly more effective than both sham and tDCS groups(P<0.05) this paper showed significant results in effectiveness of MBCT and tDCS on fibromyalgia patients that could help the therapists to treat them and decrease their treatment costs.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing metacognitive beliefs and pain catastrophizing between women with fibromyalgia syndrome, women with chronic pain and normal women. In this research, 40 people with fibromyalgia syndrome, 40 people with chronic pain and 40 normal people were selected from the women of Tehran. The participants completed two scales, the short form of the Wells Metacognition Questionnaire and the standard pain catastrophizing questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and post hoc tests in SPSS 26 software. The results of the one-way analysis of variance test show that the mean scores of the pain catastrophizing variable are higher in the fibromyalgia group than in the chronic pain group and are higher in the chronic pain group than in the normal group. The results of multivariate variance analysis of metacognitive beliefs show that, except for the variable of positive belief about worry, the average of metacognitive beliefs in fibromyalgia and chronic pain groups is higher than the normal group. According to the findings of this research, dealing with metacognitive beliefs and pain catastrophizing in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia and chronic pain should be taken into account.
 

Fibromyalgia is a widespread chronic pain disorder that is associated with fatigue, sleep disturbance, and cognitive problems and is associated with high levels of alexithymia and rumination. Given the role of psychological factors in the exacerbation of symptoms, mindfulness-based interventions have been considered as a complementary approach. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program on alexithymia and rumination in female patients with fibromyalgia. Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all female patients with fibromyalgia who referred to Sina Hospital in Tehran during June and July 2025. Among the eligible individuals, 30 individuals were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group participated in 8 90-minute sessions of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Rumination Scale. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: The results showed that after controlling for pre-test scores, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the variables of alexithymia and rumination (P < 0.001). So that the mean scores of the experimental group in both variables were significantly reduced. The effect size calculation showed that the mindfulness intervention had a significant effect on reducing rumination and a moderate effect on reducing emotional alexithymia. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that the mindfulness-based stress reduction program can be used as an effective psychological intervention in improving emotional alexithymia and reducing rumination in female patients with fibromyalgia. It is suggested that this approach be used as a complementary treatment in chronic pain treatment centers.